scholarly journals Plant Polyphenols for Aging Health: Implication from Their Autophagy Modulating Properties in Age-Associated Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 982
Author(s):  
James Michael Brimson ◽  
Mani Iyer Prasanth ◽  
Dicson Sheeja Malar ◽  
Premrutai Thitilertdecha ◽  
Atul Kabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Plant Polyphenols ◽  
Cellular Survival ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Aging Health ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cellular Components

Polyphenols are a family of naturally occurring organic compounds, majorly present in fruits, vegetables, and cereals, characterised by multiple phenol units, including flavonoids, tannic acid, and ellagitannin. Some well-known polyphenols include resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, catechin, hesperetin, cyanidin, procyanidin, caffeic acid, and genistein. They can modulate different pathways inside the host, thereby inducing various health benefits. Autophagy is a conserved process that maintains cellular homeostasis by clearing the damaged cellular components and balancing cellular survival and overall health. Polyphenols could maintain autophagic equilibrium, thereby providing various health benefits in mediating neuroprotection and exhibiting anticancer and antidiabetic properties. They could limit brain damage by dismantling misfolded proteins and dysfunctional mitochondria, thereby activating autophagy and eliciting neuroprotection. An anticarcinogenic mechanism is stimulated by modulating canonical and non-canonical signalling pathways. Polyphenols could also decrease insulin resistance and inhibit loss of pancreatic islet β-cell mass and function from inducing antidiabetic activity. Polyphenols are usually included in the diet and may not cause significant side effects that could be effectively used to prevent and treat major diseases and ailments.

Versatile Health Benefits of Catechin from Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Babu Natarajan ◽  
Suriyakala Perumal Chandran ◽  
Sahar Husain Khan ◽  
Packiyaraj Natarajan ◽  
Karthiyaraj Rengarajan
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Tea Catechin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Tea (Camellia sinensis, Theaceae) is the second most consumed beverage in the world. Green tea is the least processed and thus contain rich antioxidant level, and believed to have most of the health benefits. </p><p> Methods: We commenced to search bibliographic collection of peer reviewed research articles and review articles to meet the objective of this study. </p><p> Results: From this study, we found that the tea beverage contains catechins are believed to have a wide range of health benefits which includes neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-parasitic effects. The four major catechin compounds of green tea are epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and epicatechin gallate (ECG), of which EGCG is the major constituent and representing 50-80% of the total catechin content. And also contain xanthine derivatives such as caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine, and the glutamide derivative theanine. It also contains many nutritional components, such as vitamin E, vitamin C, fluoride, and potassium. We sum up the various green tea phytoconstituents, extraction methods, and its medicinal applications. </p><p> Conclusion: In this review article, we have summarized the pharmacological importance of green tea catechin which includes antioxidant potential, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic and cosmetic application.

Application of Tea Extract in Food Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 998-1004
Author(s):  
Aziz H. Rad ◽  
Raana B. Fathipour ◽  
Fariba K. Bidgoli ◽  
Aslan Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Tea Extract

Background and Objectives: Tea is considered one of the most consumed drinks around the world and the health benefits of it have recently attracted the attention of different researchers. It has also been proven beneficial in preventing the danger of some diseases like cancer and cardiovascular problems. Further, lipid oxidation is one of the major problems in food products. Considering the above-mentioned issues, the present review focused on various techniques used to extract polyphenols from different kinds of tea, as well as their use in the food industry. Results and Conclusion: Based on our findings in this review, the main components of tea are polyphenols that have health benefits and include catechins, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, gallic acid, flavonoids, flavonols, and theophlavins. From these components, catechin is regarded as the most beneficial component. Many techniques have been discovered and reformed to extract tea compounds such as solvent-based extraction, microwave-assisted water extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction techniques. Overall, the microwave-assisted water extraction method is a useful method for extracting tea polyphenols, which may be used in the meat, oil, and dairy industries.

Role of Flavonoids in Neurodegenerative Disorders with Special Emphasis on Tangeritin

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 581-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambreen Fatima ◽  
Yasir Hasan Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plant Polyphenols ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Brain

Flavonoids are naturally occurring plant polyphenols found universally in all fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. They have emerged as a promising candidate in the formulation of treatment strategies for various neurodegenerative disorders. The use of flavonoid rich plant extracts and food in dietary supplementation have shown favourable outcomes. The present review describes the types, properties and metabolism of flavonoids. Neuroprotective role of various flavonoids and the possible mechanism of action in the brain against the neurodegeneration have been described in detail with special emphasis on the tangeritin.

Consequences of two naturally occurring missense mutations in the structure and function of Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase

IUBMB Life ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Gabriela López-Herrera ◽  
José L. Maravillas-Montero ◽  
Felipe Vences-Catalán ◽  
Dolores Mogica-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Missense Mutations ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
And Function

A naturally occurring Tyr143HisαIIb mutation abolishes αIIbβ3 function for soluble ligands but retains its ability for mediating cell adhesion and clot retraction: comparison with other mutations causing ligand-binding defects

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 3485-3491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruo Kiyoi ◽  
Yoshiaki Tomiyama ◽  
Shigenori Honda ◽  
Seiji Tadokoro ◽  
Morio Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Clot Retraction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Binding Function ◽  
293 Cells ◽  
Ligand Binding Sites ◽  
Functional Defect ◽  
And Function

The molecular basis for the interaction between a prototypic non–I-domain integrin, αIIbβ3, and its ligands remains to be determined. In this study, we have characterized a novel missense mutation (Tyr143His) in αIIb associated with a variant of Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Osaka-12 platelets expressed a substantial amount of αIIbβ3(36%-41% of control) but failed to bind soluble ligands, including a high-affinity αIIbβ3-specific peptidomimetic antagonist. Sequence analysis revealed that Osaka-12 is a compound heterozygote for a single 521T>C substitution leading to a Tyr143His substitution in αIIb and for the null expression of αIIb mRNA from the maternal allele. Given that Tyr143 is located in the W3 4-1 loop of the β-propeller domain of αIIb, we examined the effects of Tyr143His or Tyr143Ala substitution on the expression and function of αIIbβ3 and compared them with KO (Arg-Thr insertion between 160 and 161 residues of αIIb) and with the Asp163Ala mutation located in the same loop by using 293 cells. Each of them abolished the binding function of αIIbβ3 for soluble ligands without disturbing αIIbβ3 expression. Because immobilized fibrinogen and fibrin are higher affinity/avidity ligands for αIIbβ3, we performed cell adhesion and clot retraction assays. In sharp contrast to KO mutation and Asp163AlaαIIbβ3, Tyr143HisαIIbβ3-expressing cells still had some ability for cell adhesion and clot retraction. Thus, the functional defect induced by Tyr143HisαIIb is likely caused by its allosteric effect rather than by a defect in the ligand-binding site itself. These detailed structure–function analyses provide better understanding of the ligand-binding sites in integrins.

scholarly journals Assessment of β-Cell Mass and α- and β-Cell Survival and Function by Arginine Stimulation in Human Autologous Islet Recipients

Diabetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paul Robertson ◽  
Lindsey D. Bogachus ◽  
Elizabeth Oseid ◽  
Susan Parazzoli ◽  
Mary Elizabeth Patti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals In Vivo Role of Focal Adhesion Kinase in Regulating Pancreatic  -Cell Mass and Function Through Insulin Signaling, Actin Dynamics, and Granule Trafficking

Diabetes ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1708-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Cai ◽  
M. Casimir ◽  
S. A. Schroer ◽  
C. T. Luk ◽  
S. Y. Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Adhesion Kinase ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Pancreatic Cell ◽  
And Function

VMAT2 gene expression and function as it applies to imaging β-cell mass

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Harris ◽  
Caterina Ferrara ◽  
Pasquale Barba ◽  
Teresa Polito ◽  
Matthew Freeby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Effect of Hypertriglyceridemia on Beta Cell Mass and Function in ApoC3 Transgenic Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 291 (28) ◽  
pp. 14695-14705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Zi Liu ◽  
Xiaoyun Cheng ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Sojin Lee ◽  
Jun Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
And Function
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document