scholarly journals In Vitro Culture of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in a Temporary Immersion System: Influence of Two Phytohormones on Plant Growth and Carnosol Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Eder Villegas Sánchez ◽  
Mariana Macías-Alonso ◽  
Soraya Osegueda Robles ◽  
Lisset Herrera-Isidrón ◽  
Hector Nuñez-Palenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Temporary Immersion

Emerging infectious diseases have become a major global problem with public health and economic consequences. It is an urgent need to develop new anti-infective therapies. The natural diterpene carnosol exhibit a wide variety of interesting antibacterial and antiviral properties, and it is considered a theoretical inhibitor of COVID-19 Mpro. However, this compound is present in the family Lamiaceae in low quantities. To obtain carnosol in concentrations high enough to develop pharmacological studies, we evaluated the efficiency of a micropropagation protocol of Rosmarinus officinalis using a solid medium and a temporary immersion system (TIS), as well as the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the growth of shoots. Moreover, we developed and validated an analytical method to quantify carnosol using the H-point standard additions method in the high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). After 30 days of culture, TIS produced the maximum number of shoots per explant (24.33 ± 1.15) on a liquid medium supplemented with 6-BAP at 5.0 mg L−1. Next, we also evaluated the effect of immersion time and frequency for TIS. After 72 days of culture, the best results were obtained with an immersion cycle of 1 min every 12 h, yielding 170.33 ± 29.40 shoots. The quantification of carnosol on the samples was performed at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min−1 using binary isocratic mobile phase system 60:40 (v/v) 10 mM formic acid (pH 3.0) (A) and acetonitrile (B) on a reverse-phase column. The content of carnosol in the in vitro cultures was around 8-fold higher than in the wild plant. The present study represents an efficient alternative method to obtain carnosol for its pre-clinical and clinical development.

scholarly journals Plant Production and Leaf Anatomy of Mertensia maritima (L.) Gray: Comparison of In Vitro Culture Methods to Improve Acclimatization

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Andrea Copetta ◽  
Miriam Bazzicalupo ◽  
Arianna Cassetti ◽  
Ilaria Marchioni ◽  
Carlo Mascarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Half Strength

Mertensia maritima is a commercially interesting herb with edible leaves and flowers, characterized by oyster flavor and taste. Plant propagation and traditional cultivation are challenging for this species. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to establish successful protocols aimed at ensuring oyster plant shoot propagation, rooting and in vivo acclimatization. Both micropropagation and rooting were tested, comparing the traditional in vitro solid substrate in jar vs. the liquid culture in a temporary immersion system (TIS) bioreactor (Plantform™). A Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium added with 4-µM thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1-µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was employed for micropropagation, while a half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4-µM indole−3-butyric acid (IBA) was used for rooting. Different acclimatization conditions in the greenhouse or in growth chamber were tested. Morphometric and microscopical analyses were performed on the oyster plant leaves at the propagation, rooting and acclimatization stages both in a jar and in a TIS. Micropropagation in a TIS allowed to obtain large shoots, while a great number of shoots was observed in the jar. M. maritima shoots rooted in TIS produced more developed roots, leaves with more developed waxy glands and well-formed stomata; moreover, the plants coming from the TIS showed the best acclimatization performances.

scholarly journals Phytochemical variability during vegetation of Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub genotypes derived from in vitro cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Dreger ◽  
Katarzyna Seidler-Łożykowska ◽  
Milena Szalata ◽  
Artur Adamczak ◽  
Karolina Wielgus
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Chamerion Angustifolium ◽  
Oenothein B

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to evaluate Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub genotypes for preliminary selection and further breeding programs aimed at obtaining a suitable industrial form for the pharmaceutical applications. Clonally propagated plants representing 10 genotypes of Ch. angustifolium were regenerated under in vitro conditions, hardened and planted in the field. Studies included an evaluation of shoot proliferation, phytochemical assessment of in vitro and ex vitro plants as well as investigations of intraspecies variability regarding four phenological stages: vegetative, beginning of blooming, full blooming, and green fruit phases. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of bioactive compounds were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC–DAD–MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. The efficiency of shoot multiplication varied between genotypes from 8.12 to 21.48 shoots per explant. A high reproduction rate (> 20 shoots per explant) was recorded for four lines (PL_45, PL_44, PL_58, DE_2). Plants grown in vitro synthesized oenothein B (11.2–22.3 mg g−1 DW) and caffeic acid derivatives. Plants harvested from field contained the full spectrum of polyphenols characteristic for this species, and oenothein B and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide were the most abundant. The maximal content of oenothein B was determined in the vegetative phase of fireweed, while some flavonoids were found in the highest amount in full blooming phase. The results of analysis of variance indicated significant differences among genotypes in oenothein B, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid and flavonoids accumulation in four phenological phases. PL_44 plants were characterized by high content of oenothein B and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide as well as a relatively high level of other flavonoids. Based on our phytochemical and micropropagation studies, PL_44 genotype was the best candidate for early selection and further breeding programs.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative Activity and Antioxidant Potential of Extracts of Garcinia gardneriana

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3201
Author(s):  
Simone da Cunha Demenciano ◽  
Magalli Costa Barbosa Lima e Silva ◽  
Caroline Almeida Farias Alexandrino ◽  
Wilson Hino Kato Junior ◽  
Patrícia de Oliveira Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acids

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity, the antioxidant potential, and the chemical profile obtained from the whole fruit and from leaves of Garcinia gardneriana, a fruit tree from Brazilian Cerrado. To determine in vitro antiproliferative activity, the following neoplastic cell lines were considered, along with an immortalized nontumor cell line. The antioxidant potential was determined, and the evaluation of antiradical air activity was performed. The levels of vitamin C and carotenoids were determined. The chemical profile was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and a mass spectrometer using electrospray ionization interface. The chloroform fraction of the leaf showed antioxidant activity. The vitamin C content had lower values in fruits and higher in leaves. The content of carotenoids for fruits and leaves was expressive. The ethanolic extract and the hexane and chloroform fractions of fruits were active in all neoplastic lines tested. The leaves showed cytotoxic activity in the hexane fraction in the breast carcinoma line. The analysis of data obtained verified the presence of dimers, monomers, and tetramers of hexoses, polycarboxylic acids, xanthones, flavonoids, biflavonoids, and benzophenones.

scholarly journals Determination of Triglycidyl Isocyanurate in Workplace Air

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Anna Jeżewska ◽  
Joanna Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Workplace Air ◽  
Air Sample ◽  
Triglycidyl Isocyanurate

Triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) is a white solid in powder or granular form. TGIC does not occur naturally in the environment. It is intentionally manufactured and used as a crosslinking agent or hardener to produce polyester powder coatings. TGIC may cause genetic defects. This article presents the method of TGIC determination in workplace air using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode-array detector (DAD). The method is based on the collection of TGIC present in the air on a polypropylene filter, extraction with acetonitrile, and chromatographic analysis of the solution obtained in this way. The determination was carried out in the reverse-phase system (mobile phase: acetonitrile: water) using an Ultra C18 column. The measurement range is 2 to 40 µg/m3 for a 720 liters air sample. Limit of detection (LOD) is 23 ng/m3 and limit of quantification (LOQ): 70 ng/m3. The method can be used for assessing occupational exposure to TGIC and associated risk to workers’ health.

scholarly journals Schisandra rubriflora Plant Material and In Vitro Microshoot Cultures as Rich Sources of Natural Phenolic Antioxidants

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Michał Dziurka ◽  
Sebastian Granica ◽  
Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz ◽  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Plant Materials

Schisandra rubriflora is a dioecious, underestimated medicinal plant species known from traditional Chinese medicine. The present study was aimed at characterising the polyphenolic profile composition and the related antioxidant capacity of S. rubriflora fruit, stem and leaf and in vitro microshoot culture extracts. Separate analyses of material from female and male specimens were carried out. This study was specifically aimed at detailed characterisation of the contribution of phenolic compounds to overall antioxidant activity using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector coupled to electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS3) and a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Using UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS3, twenty-seven phenolic compounds from among phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified. Concentrations of three phenolic acids (neochlorogenic, chlorogenic and cryptochlorogenic acids) and eight flavonoids (hyperoside, rutoside, isoquercitrin, guaijaverin, trifolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) were determined using HPLC-DAD using reference standards. The highest total phenolic content was confirmed for the stem and leaf extracts collected in spring. The contents of phenolic compounds of in vitro biomasses were comparable to that in the fruit extracts. The methanolic extracts from the studied plant materials were evaluated for their antioxidant properties using various in vitro assays, namely free radicals scavenging estimation using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) as well as QUick, Easy, New, CHEap, and Reproducible CUPRAC (QUENCHER-CUPRAC) assays. A close relationship between the content of polyphenolic compounds in S. rubriflora and their antioxidant potential has been documented.

scholarly journals UV-visible photodegradation of naproxen in water – Structural elucidation of photoproducts and potential toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 400-408
Author(s):  
Noemi Cazzaniga ◽  
Zsuzsanna Varga ◽  
Edith Nicol ◽  
Stéphane Bouchonnet
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Uv Visible

The UV-visible photodegradation of Naproxen (6-methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid, CAS: 22204-53-1), one of the most used and detected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the world, and its ecotoxicological consequences were investigated in an aqueous medium. The photo-transformation products were analyzed and the structures of photoproducts were elucidated using gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (LC-FTICR-MS). Seven photoproducts were detected and characterized, photo-transformation mechanisms have been postulated to rationalize their formation under irradiation. In silico Q.S.A.R. (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) toxicity predictions were performed with the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) and in vitro assays were carried out on Vibrio fischeri bacteria. Some of the obtained photoproducts exhibit higher potential toxicity than Naproxen itself but the whole toxicity of the irradiated solution is not of major concern.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of a Natural Food Supplement as New Possible Therapeutic Approach in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Noce ◽  
Alessio Bocedi ◽  
Margherita Campo ◽  
Giulia Marrone ◽  
Manuela Di Lauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Inflammatory Status

The identification of natural bioactive compounds, able to counteract the abnormal increase of oxidative stress and inflammatory status in chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases is useful for the clinical management of these conditions. We tested an oral food supplement (OFS), chemically characterized and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo activity. Vitamin C, analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD), was 0.19 mg/g in rosehip dry extract and 15.74 mg/capsule in the OFS. The identification of polyphenols was performed by HPLC-DAD; the total antioxidant capacity was assessed by Folin–Ciocalteu test. Total polyphenols were 14.73 mg/g gallic acid equivalents (GAE) for rosehip extract and 1.93 mg/g GAE for OFS. A total of 21 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and 10 healthy volunteers were recruited. The evaluation of routine laboratory and inflammatory parameters, erythrocyte glutathione transferase (e-GST), human oxidized serum albumin (HSAox), and assessment of body composition were performed at two different times, at baseline and after 5 weeks of OFS assumption. In the study, we highlighted a significant decrease of traditional inflammatory biomarkers (such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, platelet to lymphocyte ratio) and other laboratory parameters like e-GST, azotaemia, and albuminuria after OFS treatment in CKD patients. Moreover, we demonstrated a lipid profile improvement in CKD patients after OFS supplementation.

scholarly journals Acantholippia salsoloides: Phytochemical Composition and Biological Potential of a Thujonic Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1985854
Author(s):  
Liliana Celaya ◽  
Carmen Viturro ◽  
Luís R. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Polar Extracts ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Acantholippia salsoloides (Verbenaceae) is an aromatic plant widespread in the Andean region. The infusion (leaves and flowers) is widely used as a digestive stimulant as well as for the treatment of various diseases in traditional medicine. A. salsoloides attributes its common name “rica-rica” to the fresh and sweet fragrance of the plant. In this work, 2 different polar extracts and the essential oil of a selected rica-rica population were studied. The phenolic composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector; the essential oil profile was determined by gas-chromatography ion-trap mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection. For all extracts, the antibacterial potential was performed by in vitro assays; the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition were determined in decoction and hydroethanolic extracts. The volatile profile allowed the identification of 26 volatile compounds, β-thujone (84%) being the major one in this rica-rica population. Eighteen phenolic compounds were identified; isoferulic acid (16%-18%) and cynaroside (45%-47%) were the larger ones. In a general way, the hydroethanolic extract was more active against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus (minimum inhibitory concentrations= 0.3- 1.3 mg/mL). Both polar extracts have strong antiradical activities although decoction extract proved to be more active against DPPH· (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] =36 µg/mL) and O2•− (IC50 =28 µg/mL) while hydroethanolic extract shows higher action over α-glucosidase (IC50 =217 µg/mL). The results suggest that A. salsoloides leaves and flowers may be an interesting source of natural antioxidants, antidiabetics, or antimicrobials, and could be used in dietary supplements, medicinal products and pharmaceutical formulations.

scholarly journals Mikropropagasi planlet tebu menggunakan sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS) Micropropagation of sugarcane plantlets using temporary immersion system (TIS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati MINARSIH ◽  
Imron RIYADI ◽  
. SUMARYONO ◽  
Asmini BUDIANI
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Plantlet Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
National Production ◽  
Planting Materials

bstractTo achieve Indonesian sugar self-sufficiency in2014, the national production needs to be escalatedthrough land extensification that requires a largenumbers of cane planting materials. This can be achievedby mass propagation of sugarcane through in vitroculture. Solid medium is commonly used for callusproliferation in sugarcane tissue culture. However, solidmedium is considered inefficient in terms of plantletproduction level, labour and space. The use of liquidmedium may solve the problem by allowing automationto increase plantlet production scale and uniformity.Temporary immersion system (TIS) is based on a shortperiodic immersion of explants in a liquid medium for aspecific frequency and duration. Research on in vitromass propagation of sugarcane using TIS was conductedat the Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute forEstate Crops. Callus initiated from immature unfoldedleaves of PSJT 941 and PS 881 was cultured on liquidMS medium in TIS with different frequencies (12 and24 h) and durations (1 and 3 min) of immersion. Eachtreatment was replicated three times. The callus biomassof two elite cane varieties (PSJT 941 and PS 881)cultured in TIS for six weeks was higher (2 – 4 times fold)than that of on solid medium. The PSJT 941 varietyreached the highest calli biomass with immersion forthree min every 24 h. However, PS 881 variety reachedits highest biomass with immersion for one minute every24 h. The propagation of sugarcane using TIS culturewas proven to produce higher calli biomass up to fourfolds and to form more numbers and uniform shootscompared to the solid medium culture. The callus wassuccesfully regenerated to shoots and plantlets.AbstrakUntuk mencapai swasembada gula, perlu dilakukanpeningkatan produksi gula nasional melalui perluasanareal pertanaman tebu sehingga diperlukan bibit dalamjumlah besar. Hal tersebut dapat diatasi antara laindengan perbanyakan tebu melalui kultur in vitro. Peng-gunaan medium padat pada perbanyakan kalus tebumelalui kultur in vitro merupakan teknik yang umumdigunakan saat ini. Akan tetapi penggunaan mediumpadat dianggap kurang efisien dalam hal jumlah planletyang diproduksi, tenaga kerja dan ruang digunakan.Penggunaan medium cair dapat mengatasi kelemahantersebut dengan dimungkinkannya otomatisasi sehinggadapat meningkatkan skala produksi secara massal dankeseragaman planlet. Sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS)merupakan teknik kultur in vitro dalam medium cairmenggunakan bejana bersekat dimana kontak antaraeksplan dan medium terjadi hanya secara sesaat danperiodik. Penelitian perbanyakan massal bibit tebumelalui SPS dilakukan di Balai Penelitian BioteknologiPerkebunan Indonesia. Kalus diinisiasi dari daun meng-gulung varietas PSJT 941 dan PS 881 yang ditumbuhkanpada media MS cair dalam kultur SPS dengan frekuensiyang berbeda (12 dan 24 jam) dan lama perendaman (1dan 3 menit). Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Bobotbasah (biomassa) kalus dari dua varietas tebu (PSJT 941dan PS 881) yang ditumbuhkan dengan metode SPSsetelah enam minggu menunjukkan pening-katan yanglebih tinggi yaitu antara 2 - 4 kali lipat dibandingkandengan kontrol (media padat). Peningkatan biomassatertinggi pada varietas PSJT 941 diperoleh pada per-lakuan SPS dengan interval perendaman 24 jam dan lamaperendaman tiga menit. Sedangkan pada PS 881,peningkatan tertinggi biomassa diperoleh pada intervalperendaman 24 jam dan lama perendaman satu menit.Perbanyakan dengan metode SPS terbukti dapat mening-katkan biomassa kalus lebih dari empat kali lipat danpembentukan tunas yang lebih seragam dibandingkandengan pada media padat. Kalus yang dihasilkan dapatdiregenerasikan menjadi tunas dan planlet.

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