scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of Chemotherapeutic Agents THAT Induce Infectious Neutropenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Mashiro Okunaka ◽  
Daisuke Kano ◽  
Reiko Matsui ◽  
Toshikatsu Kawasaki ◽  
Yoshihiro Uesawa
Keyword(s):  
Chemotherapy Regimen ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Underweight Patients ◽  
Using Data

Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) has been associated with a risk of infections and chemotherapy dose reductions and delays. The chemotherapy regimen remains one of the primary determinants of the risk of neutropenia, with some regimens being more myelotoxic than others. Although a number of clinical trials have currently highlighted the risk of CIN with each chemotherapy regimen, only a few ones have comprehensively examined the risk associated with all chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the risk factors and characteristics of CIN caused by each neoplastic agent using data from the large voluntary reporting Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database. Initially, univariate analysis showed that an age ≥ 65 years, the female sex, and treatment with chemotherapeutic agents were factors that caused CIN. Then, cluster and component analyses showed that cytotoxic agents (i.e., alkylating agents, antimetabolic agents, antineoplastic antibiotics, platinating agents, and plant-derived alkaloids) were associated with infection following neutropenia. This comprehensive analysis comparing CIN risk suggests that elderly or underweight patients treated with cytotoxic drugs require particularly careful monitoring.

scholarly journals Thrombocytopenia with Tedizolid and Linezolid

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Yookyung Lee ◽  
Aisling R. Caffrey
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Reporting Odds Ratio ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACT Several studies have suggested the risk of thrombocytopenia with tedizolid, a second-in-class oxazolidinone antibiotic (approved June 2014), is less than that observed with linezolid (first-in-class oxazolidinone). Using data from the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system (July 2014 through December 2016), we observed significantly increased risks of thrombocytopenia of similar magnitudes with both antibiotics: linezolid reporting odds ratio [ROR], 37.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.78 to 69.17); tedizolid ROR, 34.0 (95% CI, 4.67 to 247.30).

Using Data Mining to Predict Safety Actions from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Data

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Hochberg ◽  
Stephanie J. Reisinger ◽  
Ronald K. Pearson ◽  
Donald J. O’Hara ◽  
Kevin Hall
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Event Reporting ◽  
System Data ◽  
Using Data

scholarly journals Pharmacovigilance Analysis on Cerebrovascular Accidents and Coronavirus disease 2019 Vaccines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lt. Pushkar Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
Using Data

AbstractIntroductionRecently, there have been reports of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) occurring in individuals who have received the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine.ObjectiveThe objective of this analysis was to determine if a statistically significant signal exists in post-marketing safety reports between CVA and the three COVID-19 vaccines being administered in the United States of America (Pfizer, Moderna, Janssen).MethodsA pharmacovigilance disproportionality analysis on adverse events reported with COVID-19 vaccines was conducted using data from Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.ResultsA statistically significant signal was found between CVA events and each of the three COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer/BioNTech’s, Moderna’s and Janssen’s) in the VAERS database. Females and individuals of age 65 or older had higher number of case reports of CVA events with the COVID-19 vaccines. Females had also more COVID-19 adverse event reports in which a CVA was reported and resulted in the patient having permanent disability or death.LimitationsRandomized controlled trials are needed to further analyze this signal.ConclusionPatients should be made aware of the risk-benefit and symptoms to watch out for that may indicate the onset of a CVA and informed to seek medical care as soon as possible if they develop these symptoms.

scholarly journals Organoselenium Compounds as Novel Adjuvants of Chemotherapy Drugs—A Promising Approach to Fight Cancer Drug Resistance

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Spengler ◽  
Márió Gajdács ◽  
Małgorzata Marć ◽  
Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez ◽  
Carmen Sanmartín
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Organoselenium Compounds ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs

Malignant diseases present a serious public health burden and their treatment with traditional chemotherapy cannot be considered an all-round solution, due to toxic side effects. Selenium compounds (Se-compounds) have received substantial attention in medicinal chemistry, especially in experimental chemotherapy, both as cytotoxic agents and adjuvants in chemotherapy. A checkerboard microplate method was applied to study the drug interactions of Se-compounds and clinically relevant chemotherapeutic drugs against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) subtype of mouse t-lymphoma cells overexpressing the ABCB1 transporter. Se-compounds showed synergistic interactions with chemotherapeutic agents targeting the topoisomerase enzymes or the microtubule apparatus. The ketone-containing selenoesters showed synergism at lower concentrations (1.25 µM). Most of the tested compounds interacted antagonistically with alkylating agents and verapamil. A thiophene-containing Se-compound showed synergism with all tested drugs, except cisplatin. While the exact mechanism of drug interactions is yet unknown, the potency of the selenocompounds as efflux pump inhibitors or the potentiation of their efficacy as reactive oxygen species modulators may play a role in their complementary activity against the tested MDR lymphoma cell line.

Drive-thru influenza immunization: Fifteen years of experience

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth M. Carrico, PhD, RN, FSHEA, CIC ◽  
W. Paul McKinney, MD, FACP ◽  
Nicholas Adam Watson, JD ◽  
Timothy Wiemken, PhD, MPH, CIC ◽  
John Myers, PhD, MSPH
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Mass Immunization ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Using Data

Background: In 1995, a yearly drive-thru immunization program was initiated in Louisville, KY. Since then, more than 50,000 doses of influenza vaccine have been administered, with no reports of syncopal episodes or vehicular accidents. This report aimed to identify reported adverse events from other areas that could threaten drive-thru mass immunization approaches.Methods: To identify reported adverse events in any drive-thru mass immunization event, the authors queried the following sources: 1) the vaccine adverse event reporting system, 2) court cases, 3) healthcare risk management databases, 4) MEDLINE, and 5) communication with vaccine experts. The authors also calculated the probability of syncopal episodes using data from our past immunization experiences to further elucidate the possibility of these events occurring.Results: No adverse events due to a drive-thru mass immunization event were identified in any of the sources queried. In our data, the forecasted probability of one adverse event was 0.8 percent for a 2-day event (20,000 immunizations).Conclusions: Although syncope may occur following immunization, it is a risk that can be managed, and due to the rarity of these events, should not be used as a reason to avoid drive-thru administration of influenza vaccine.

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