scholarly journals Suppression of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells via the Combination of Quercetin Nanoparticles and Epigallocatechin Gallate and In Situ Thermosensitive Gel Formulation for Ocular Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Chuda Chittasupho ◽  
Taepin Junmahasathien ◽  
Jiratchaya Chalermmongkol ◽  
Raksakul Wongjirasakul ◽  
Phuriwat Leesawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Thermosensitive Gel ◽  
Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

Oxidative stress can cause several severe ophthalmological diseases. In this study, we developed a thermosensitive gel as a delivery system for two antioxidant substances, namely, quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate. The quercetin was loaded in the PLGA nanoparticles using a solvent displacement method. The physical and chemical stability of the quercetin nanoparticles were evaluated, and the degradation kinetics of the quercetin in the nanoparticles was investigated. The in vitro antioxidant and intracellular reactive oxygen species inhibition of the quercetin nanoparticles, combined with the epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), were determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and a 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein fluorescent probes, respectively. The thermosensitive gel loaded with the quercetin nanoparticles and EGCG was formulated. We confirmed that quercetin nanoparticles displayed the desired physical characteristics, release kinetics, and stability. The combination of quercetin nanoparticles and EGCG suggested the additive effect of antioxidant activity. We also demonstrated the superior intracellular ROS inhibition activity of the quercetin nanoparticles and EGCG with n-acetyl cysteine. The thermosensitive gel showed an appropriate gelation temperature and time for ocular drug delivery. Our results provide promising prospects for applying the thermosensitive gel loaded with quercetin nanoparticles and EGCG as an efficient drug delivery system for antioxidant activity in human corneal epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Genotoxicity by Activating GADD45G and NF-κB in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ramachandran Samivel ◽  
Umadevi Subramanian ◽  
Adnan Ali Khan ◽  
Omar Kirat ◽  
Ali Masmali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

As the prevalence of microbial keratitis increases, it creates an environment conducive to genotoxicity response. A potential connection between growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 gamma (GADD45G) gene expression has not been proven in the corneal epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances genotoxicity, DNA damage, and inflammatory responses in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) in vitro. In a set of parameters, cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, inflammatory response, and apoptosis were assessed. LPS (1, 5, and 10 μg/mL) treated HCECs were increased reactive oxygen species formation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and genotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. Similarly, NF-κB, PARP1, and TP53 were also overexpressed in the LPS treated HCECs. 24 hours after LPS induction, micronucleus scoring, and proapoptotic factors were also increased. Among them, the GADD45G, NF-κB, and γH2AX were overexpressed both on the mRNA and protein levels in LPS (10 μg/mL) treated HCECs. In our study, we show that the GADD45G signaling can trigger genotoxic instability in HCECs exposed to LPS. Therefore, understanding the factors contributing to infectious keratitis, such as GADD45G, NF-κB, and γH2AX signaling, may help to develop antigenotoxic and anti-inflammatory therapies for corneal dystrophy and epithelial cell remodeling.

scholarly journals Pomegranate-Derived Polyphenols Reduce Reactive Oxygen Species Production via SIRT3-Mediated SOD2 Activation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Zhao ◽  
Takenori Sakaguchi ◽  
Kosuke Fujita ◽  
Hideyuki Ito ◽  
Norihisa Nishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Pomegranate-derived polyphenols are expected to prevent life-style related diseases. In this study, we evaluated the ability of 8 pomegranate-derived polyphenols, along with other polyphenols, to augment SIRT3, a mammalian SIR2 homolog localized in mitochondria. We established a system for screening foods/food ingredients that augment the SIRT3 promoter in Caco-2 cells and identified 3 SIRT3-augmenting pomegranate-derived polyphenols (eucalbanin B, pomegraniin A, and eucarpanin T1). Among them, pomegraniin A activated superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) through SIRT3-mediated deacetylation, thereby reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species. The other SIRT3-augmenting polyphenols tested also activated SOD2, suggesting antioxidant activity. Our findings clarify the underlying mechanisms involved in the antioxidant activity of pomegraniin A.

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