scholarly journals Clotrimazole for Vulvovaginal Candidosis: More Than 45 Years of Clinical Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Werner Mendling ◽  
Maged Atef El Shazly ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidosis ◽  
Vaginal Health ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Vaginal Candidosis

Vulvovaginal candidosis is a common disease, and various treatment strategies have emerged over the last few decades. Clotrimazole belongs to the drugs of choice for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidosis. Although available for almost 50 years, systematic reviews on the usefulness of topical clotrimazole across disease severity and populations affected are scarce. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature search in the PubMed and Embase databases to summarize the effectiveness and safety of topical clotrimazole in the treatment of uncomplicated (acute) and complicated vulvovaginal candidosis. In total, 37 randomized controlled studies in women suffering from vaginal yeast infections qualified for inclusion in our review. In women with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidosis, single intravaginal doses of clotrimazole 500 mg vaginal tablets provided high cure rates and were as effective as oral azoles. A single dose of clotrimazole 500 mg was equipotent to multiple doses of lower dose strengths. Prolonged treatment regimens proved to be effective in severe and recurrent cases as well as in symptomatic pregnant women. It is therefore expected that in the general population, clotrimazole will continue to be widely used in the field of vaginal health in the upcoming years; more so as clotrimazole resistance in vaginal candidosis is rare.

scholarly journals Improving outcomes after autologous transplantation in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: a European expert perspective

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sureda ◽  
Marc André ◽  
Peter Borchmann ◽  
Maria G. da Silva ◽  
Christian Gisselbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Autologous Transplantation ◽  
Brentuximab Vedotin ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Cancer Network

Abstract Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a well-established approach to treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) recommended by both the European Society for Medical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network based on the results from randomized controlled studies. However, a considerable number of patients who receive ASCT will progress/relapse and display suboptimal post-transplant outcomes. Over recent years, a number of different strategies have been assessed to improve post-ASCT outcomes and augment HL cure rates. These include use of pre- and post-ASCT salvage therapies and post-ASCT consolidative therapy, with the greatest benefits demonstrated by targeted therapies, such as brentuximab vedotin. However, adoption of these new approaches has been inconsistent across different centers and regions. In this article, we provide a European perspective on the available treatment options and likely future developments in the salvage and consolidation settings, with the aim to improve management of patients with HL who have a high risk of post-ASCT failure. Conclusions We conclude that early intervention with post-ASCT consolidation improves outcomes in patients with R/R HL who require ASCT. Future approvals of targeted agents are expected to further improve outcomes and provide additional treatment options in the coming age of personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Standard Treatment Regimens for Nongonococcal Urethritis Have Similar but Declining Cure Rates: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 934-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa E. Manhart ◽  
Catherine W. Gillespie ◽  
M. Sylvan Lowens ◽  
Christine M. Khosropour ◽  
Danny V. Colombara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Nongonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Cure Rates

scholarly journals Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis with Ectoine Containing Nasal Spray and Eye Drops in Comparison with Azelastine Containing Nasal Spray and Eye Drops or with Cromoglycic Acid Containing Nasal Spray

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Werkhäuser ◽  
Andreas Bilstein ◽  
Uwe Sonnemann
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Nasal Spray ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Design And Methods

Objectives. Allergic rhinitis is a common disease with increasing prevalence and high impact on economic burden and comorbidities. As treatment with pharmacological drugs is not always satisfactory due to side effects and incomplete efficacy, alternative treatment strategies are needed. Ectoine is an osmolyte with membrane stabilizing and inflammation reducing capacities. Nasal spray and eye drops containing ectoine are promising new treatment regimens for allergic rhinitis sufferers. Design and Methods. The current two noninterventional trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of ectoine containing nasal spray and eye drops for treating allergic rhinitis in comparison with either azelastine or cromoglycic acid containing products. Nasal and ocular symptom developments as well as judgment of tolerability and efficacy were assessed both by investigators and patients over a time period of one to two weeks. Results. Both trials confirmed that ectoine containing products reduced nasal and ocular symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients. Results clearly demonstrated good safety profiles of the ectoine products comparable to those of azelastine and even better to those of cromoglycate products. Conclusion. Ectoine containing nasal spray and eye drops are interesting new treatment strategies for sufferers of allergic rhinitis, combining both good efficacy and absence of side effects.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Comparisons among Inotropic Agents on Mortality and Risk of Renal Dysfunction in Patients Who Underwent Cardiac Surgery: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
Wei-Cheng Chen ◽  
Meng-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Chieh-Lung Chen ◽  
Ying-Chieh Chen ◽  
Chih-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Renal Protection ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Several kinds of inotropes have been used in critically ill patients to improve hemodynamics and renal dysfunction after cardiac surgery; however, the treatment strategies for reducing mortality and increasing renal protection in patients who underwent cardiac surgery remain controversial. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive network meta-analysis to overcome the lack of head-to-head comparisons. A systematic database was searched up to 31 December 2020, for randomized controlled trials that compared different inotropes on mortality outcomes and renal protective effects after cardiac surgery. A total of 29 trials were included and a frequentist network meta-analysis was performed. Inconsistency analyses, publication bias, and subgroup analyses were also conducted. Compared with placebo, use of levosimendan significantly decreased the risks of mortality (odds ratio (OR): 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56–0.97) and risk of acute renal injury (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.45–0.82), especially in low systolic function patients. Use of levosimendan also ranked the best treatment based on the P-score (90.1%), followed by placebo (64.5%), milrinone (49.6%), dopamine (49.5%), dobutamine (29.1%), and fenoldopam (17.0%). Taking all the available data into consideration, levosimendan was a safe renal-protective choice for the treatment of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, especially for those with low systolic function.

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