scholarly journals Establishment of an In Vitro Model of Persistent Chicken Anemia Virus Infection

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Hieu Van Dong ◽  
Giang Thi Huong Tran ◽  
Dai Quang Trinh ◽  
Yohei Takeda ◽  
Haruko Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Chicken Anemia Virus ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Anemia Virus ◽  
Cells Cultured

Persistent infection of chicken anemia virus (CAV) in chickens has been suspected to result in immunosuppression and exogenous virus contamination within vaccine production. However, no direct evidence for persistent CAV infection has thus far been obtained. In this study, we aimed to establish an in vitro model of persistent CAV infection. CAV-infected MDCC-MSB1 (MSB1) cells, a Marek’s disease virus-transformed continuous cell line, were cultured in the presence of both CAV and CAV neutralizing antibody (NA). Cell viability, expression of viral antigens, viral DNA, and recovery of CAV were examined by acridine orange/propidium iodide staining, immunofluorescence measurement, real-time PCR, and viral isolation, respectively. The results indicated that CAV was maintained and possibly replicated in CAV-infected cells cultured in the presence of NA, without affecting host cell viability. It was also shown that persistently infectious CAV induced cell death again after removing NA. The persistent infection of CAV in MSB1 cells was not related to viral gene mutation. In summary, we have herein established a novel model of persistent CAV infection in MSB1 cells cultured in the presence of NA.

Photobiomodulation increases cell viability via AKT activation in an in vitro model of diabetes induced by glucose neurotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victória Regina da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Rosangela Aparecida Santos-Eichler ◽  
Camila Squarzoni Dale
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Akt Activation ◽  
Vitro Model

Gonadotrophic regulation of prolactin mediated progesterone secretion in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven Alexander ◽  
Thomas M. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Model System ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cells Cultured

Abstract. The effects of preincubating rat granulosa cells with FSH, LH, and Prl on subsequent Prl mediated progesterone secretion were investigated. Granulosa cells were isolated from ovarian follicles 50 h after injection of 5 IU PMSG and were then plated on poly-l-lysine coated coverslips in serum supplemented medium. Cells were preincubated for 24 h in the absence of hormones (control) or with the addition of either 0.25, 2.5, 25 ng/ml rat FSH or rat LH, or 1 μg/ml rat Prl. Following the preincubation period, cells were maintained for an additional 6 or 8 days in the presence or absence of 1 μg/ml Prl. When cells were preincubated with FSH or LH, only the two higher concentrations (2.5 and 25 ng/ml) stimulated significantly more progesterone secretion than control cultures during the 24 h preincubation period. For each series of preincubations, cells cultured for 6 or 8 days in the presence of Prl secreted significantly more progesterone at each day of culture than cells cultured without Prl. Cells preincubated and cultured with Prl secreted only 3–7-fold more progesterone than cells preincubated in control medium and then cultured with Prl. Preincubation with FSH or LH promoted a 20–45-fold increase in Prl mediated progesterone secretion compared to control preincubation cultures that also subsequently were cultured with Prl. The magnitude of Prl mediated progesterone secretion observed through 6 days of culturing was dose dependent on the preincubation concentration of FSH or LH. The establishment of an in vitro model system in which gonadotrophins enhance the responsiveness of granulosa cells to Prl in serum supplemented medium provides the opportunity for study of the regulatory mechanisms involved with the induction and maintenance of such responsiveness.

Biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of ellagic acid-cyclodextrin using an in vitro model of invasive candidiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 957-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline VL Gontijo ◽  
Aline da G Sampaio ◽  
Cristiane Y Koga-Ito ◽  
Marcos J Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Cells Cultured

Aim: To investigate biopharmaceutical and antifungal properties of pure and complexed ellagic acid. Materials & methods: Caco-2 cells cultured in a Transwell® inserts were infected with Candida albicans to develop an in vitro model. Ellagic acid was complexed with cyclodextrins. Microbial compositions, ellagic acid concentration as function of time and characterization studies of complexes were evaluated. Results: Ellagic acid presented ability to reduce C. albicans invasion, although this was not statistically significant. Its poor water solubility and absorption probably limited this ability. Water solubility was increased after complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-CD; however, ellagic acid/hydroxypropyl-β-CD did not improve the antifungal activity. Conclusion: Although ellagic acid presented a promising antifungal activity, its biopharmaceutical properties limit such activity and should be improved.

17-β Estradiol Preserves Endothelial Cell Viability in an In Vitro Model of Homocysteine-Induced Oxidative Stress

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamellia R. Dimitrova ◽  
Kerry W. DeGroot ◽  
Johan P. Suyderhoud ◽  
Eugen A. Pirovic ◽  
Thomas J. Munro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals In vitro study after exposure to the aqueous extract of Piper amalago L. shows changes of morphology, proliferation, cytoskeleton and molecules of the extracellular matrix

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0110413289
Author(s):  
Vera Lucia Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Célia Regina Cavichiolo Franco ◽  
Ricardo Wagner ◽  
Caroline Dadalt Silva ◽  
Célia Regina Cavichiolo Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Body ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Insect Bites ◽  
Number Of Cells

Piper amalago L. is a medicinal plant traditionally used as a healing agent for wounds, burns, abscesses, boils, and insect bites. The current study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of the aqueous crude extract obtained from P. amalago leaves, in different concentrations and in different incubation times, using the in vitro model of mouse fibroblasts (3T3). The extract was tested in different concentrations at the 24 h incubation time for analysis of cell viability, cytotoxicity, proliferation, cell morphology, immunostaining, adhesion and cell spreading assays, as well as to determine the hydroxyproline concentration and activity of the metalloproteinase MMP2. Morphologically, after exposure to the concentrations of 15 and 150 µg/mL, the cells maintained the morphology, yet a greater number of cells with more expansions of the cell body and larger than the control cells were observed. The treated cell culture also showed a greater number of cells, larger cells, a greater expansion of the cell body, adherent cells spread over the substrate, and a more juxtaposed, central and spherical nucleus. The treatment induced greater cell adhesion to the polymer, fibronectin, and collagen I. Biochemical results showed a significant increase in the hydroxyproline amino acid after exposure for 96 h. The extract did not induce loss of cell viability until the concentration reached 150 µg/mL, positively modulating proliferation, morphology, adhesion, degree of spreading, and organization of microfilaments. The extract also promoted a significant increase in the hydroxyproline amino acid.

scholarly journals Silybin Modulates Collagen Turnover in an In Vitro Model of NASH

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Anfuso ◽  
Pablo Giraudi ◽  
Claudio Tiribelli ◽  
Natalia Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Huh7 Cells ◽  
Vitro Model

Silybin has been proposed as a treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we assessed the effect of Silybin in a well-established in vitro coculture model of early-stage NASH. LX2 and Huh7 cells were exposed to free fatty acid (FFA) and Silybin as mono- or coculture (SCC). Cell viability, LX2 activation, collagen deposition, metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2-9) activity, and ROS generation were determined at 24, 96, and 144 h. Exposure to FFA induced the activation of LX2 as shown by the increase in cell viability and upregulation of collagen biosynthesis. Interestingly, while cotreatment with Silybin did not affect collagen production in LX2, a significant reduction was observed in SCC. MMP2-9 activity was reduced in FFA-treated Huh7 and SCC and cotreatment with Silybin induced a dose-dependent increase, while no effect was observed in LX2. Silybin also showed antioxidant properties by reducing the FFA-induced production of ROS in all the cell systems. Based on these data, Silybin exerts its beneficial effects by reducing LX2 proliferation and ROS generation. Moreover, MMP2-9 modulation in hepatocytes represents the driving mechanism for the net reduction of collagen in this NASH in vitro model, highlighting the importance of hepatic cells interplay in NASH development and resolution.

scholarly journals Primary Cell Model for Activation-Inducible Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (14) ◽  
pp. 7424-7434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Burke ◽  
Helen J. Brown ◽  
Matthew D. Marsden ◽  
Gregory Bristol ◽  
Dimitrios N. Vatakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Reporter Activity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT Quiescent T lymphocytes containing latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) provide a long-lived viral reservoir. This reservoir may be the source of active infection that is reinitiated following the cessation of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in latent infection to develop new strategies to eliminate the latent HIV reservoir. We have previously demonstrated that latently infected quiescent lymphocytes can be generated during thymopoiesis in vivo in the SCID-hu mouse system. However, there is still a pressing need for an in vitro model of HIV latency in primary human cells. Here, we present a novel in vitro model that recapitulates key aspects of dormant HIV infection. Using an enhanced green fluorescent protein-luciferase fusion protein-containing reporter virus, we have generated a stable infection in primary human CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes in the absence of viral gene expression. T-cell activation induces a >200-fold induction of reporter activity. The induced reporter activity originates from a fully reverse-transcribed and integrated genome. We further demonstrate that this model can be useful to study long terminal repeat regulation, as previously characterized NF-κB response element mutations decrease the activation of viral gene expression. This model can therefore be used to study intricate molecular aspects of activation-inducible HIV infection in primary cells.

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