scholarly journals Prevalence of the Puumala orthohantavirus Strains in the Pre-Kama Area of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy Davidyuk ◽  
Anton Shamsutdinov ◽  
Emmanuel Kabwe ◽  
Ruzilya Ismagilova ◽  
Ekaterina Martynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
European Part ◽  
Genome Segment ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
The Republic

Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) commonly diagnosed in Europe. The majority of HFRS cases in the European part of Russia are diagnosed in the Volga Federal District, which includes the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). The current study aims to analyze the genetic variability of PUUV in Pre-Kama region of the RT bounded by the Volga, Kama, and Vyatka rivers. In 2017, bank voles were caught in seven isolated forest traps in the Pre-Kama region and for the 26 PUUV-positive samples, the partial small (S), medium (M), and large (L) genome segment sequences were obtained and analyzed. It was determined that all identified PUUV strains belong to the Russian (RUS) genetic lineage; however, the genetic distance between strains is not directly correlated with the geographical distance between bank vole populations. One of the identified strains has S and L segments produced from one parental strain, while the M segment was supplied by another, suggesting that this strain could be the reassortant. We suggest that the revealed pattern of the PUUV strains distribution could be the result of a series of successive multidirectional migratory flows of the bank voles to the Pre-Kama region in the postglacial period.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Puumala orthohantavirus Genome Variants Correlates with the Regional Landscapes in the Trans-Kama Area of the Republic of Tatarstan

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Yuriy N. Davidyuk ◽  
Emmanuel Kabwe ◽  
Anton F. Shamsutdinov ◽  
Anna V. Knyazeva ◽  
Ekaterina V. Martynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bank Vole ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
River Valleys

In the European part of Russia, the highest number of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) cases are registered in the Volga Federal District (VFD), which includes the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of HFRS identified in the RT. The goal of the current study is to analyze the genetic variations of the PUUV strains and possible presence of chimeric and reassortant variants among the PUUV strains circulating in bank vole populations in the Trans-Kama area of the RT. Complete S segment CDS as well as partial M and L segment coding nucleotide sequences were obtained from 40 PUUV-positive bank voles and used for the analysis. We found that all PUUV strains belonged to RUS genetic lineage and clustered in two subclades corresponding to the Western and Eastern Trans-Kama geographic areas. PUUV strains from Western Trans-Kama were related to the previously identified strain from Teteevo in the Pre-Kama area. It can be suggested that the PUUV strains were introduced to the Teteevo area as a result of the bank voles’ migration from Western Trans-Kama. It also appears that physical obstacles, including rivers, could be overcome by migrating rodents under favorable circumstances. Based on results of the comparative and phylogenetic analyses, we propose that bank vole distribution in the Trans-Kama area occurred upstream along the river valleys, and that watersheds could act as barriers for migrations. As a result, the diverged PUUV strains could be formed in closely located populations. In times of extensive bank vole population growth, happening every 3–4 years, some regions of watersheds may become open for contact between individual rodents from neighboring populations, leading to an exchange of the genetic material between divergent PUUV strains.

STEPPE FIRE DYNAMICS IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Shinkarenko ◽  
Viktoria Doroshenko ◽  
Asel Berdengalieva
Keyword(s):  
European Part ◽  
The South ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
The Republic

The paper presents the results of geoinformation mapping of burned areas in zonal landscapes of the Astrakhan, Volgograd regions and the Republic of Kalmykia for 1998-2019. In total, over the studied period, more than 6 million hectares were covered by fire, more than 15 thousand fires were identified. The total burnt area, excluding recurrence, is more than 15 million hectares. Some areas have burned out up to 11-14 times in 20 years.

scholarly journals Genetic Monitoring of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in the South of the European Part of Russia

2012 ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Volynkina ◽  
A. N. Kulichenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
European Part ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Virus Variant ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
First Time

Presented are the results of gene-typing of CCHF virus detected in clinical samples from CHF patients from the Stavropol, Rostov and Astrakhan Regions in 2011. For 28 samples determined are nucleotide sequences of the fragments 115–652 (S segment) and fragments 984–1469 (M segment). Philogenetic analysis of these nucleotide sequences demonstrated that typical strains circulated in 2011 in the regions under surveillance, importation of the new genetic variants of the virus did not take place. CCHF virus variant affiliated to the subgroup “Astrakhan-2” was detected in the clinical samples for the first time and characterized for its genome S- and M-segment fragments.

scholarly journals Detection of the RNA for new multicomponent virus in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in southern Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ternovoi ◽  
Anastasia Gladysheva ◽  
Alexandra Sementsova ◽  
Anna Zaykovskaya ◽  
Anna Volynkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
European Part ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Southern Russia

Background: Recently, a new multicomponent RNA-containing virus was described and called as Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) supposedly belonging to flaviviruses. A virus consists of four viral particles and JMTV was firstly isolated from ticks in China and South America. Aims: Detection viral RNA specific for JMTV complex, sequencing genome fragments and taxonomy identification novel virus from JMTV complex in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) from southern European part of Russia. Materials and methods: Panel of 20 randomly selected sera from patients with confirmed Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever was collected in 2016 and was used for detection JMTV and CCHF viral RNA by PCR with experimental primers. Subsequent sequencing of isolated fragments of viral genomes was used for identification JMTV and CCHF virus genetic materials and phylogenetic analyses. Results: The viral RNAs of the CCHF virus and JMTV were detected in blood of four patients. Sequencing of the isolated PCR fragment of S segment CCHF virus allowed identifying these RNA isolates as Europe 1 lineage, subgroups Va and Vb of the CCHF virus that is a typical for the southern European part of the Russia. The nucleotide sequences of segment 2 (GP glycoprotein) of the JMTV were also detected by RP PCR and sequencing in these human sera. The new JMTV isolates were clustered together by phylogenetic analysis. The level of nucleotide identity for newly discovered JMTV isolates was only about 81-82% with comparison to the previously described European variants (Kosovo) of the JMTV. Conclusions: The results suggest that viral genomic RNA for new multicomponent flavivirus named as Manych virus and related to the JMTV complex was discovered in sera of CCHF patients in Russia.

Mosses of the southern Kalmykia (European part of Russia)

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina
Keyword(s):  
European Part ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
The Republic

The annotated list of mosses from the Republic of Kalmykia is provided; 66 species and 1 subspecies are reported as new for the Republic. Tortula brevissima and Tortula transcapica are reported as new for Russia.

scholarly journals Analysis of Epidemiological Situation on Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever in the Russian Federation in 2020 and Prognosis for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A. S. Volynkina ◽  
O. V. Maletskaya ◽  
O. N. Skudareva ◽  
I. V. Tishchenko ◽  
E. I. Vasilenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The review presents an analysis of the epidemiological and epizootiological situation on Crimean hemorrhagic fever in the Russian Federation in 2020. During the stated period, 32 CHF cases were registered, which is the minimum indicator since the activation of the natural focus of CHF in 1999. The mortality rate was 3.1 %. The incidence was recorded in the Rostov, Astrakhan Regions, Stavropol Territory, the Republics of Dagestan and Kalmykia. A significant decrease in the incidence of CHF was noted in all entities of the Southern Federal District and the North-Caucasian Federal District. An imported from the Republic of Crimea case of CHF was detected in Moscow. The seasonality of morbidity, occupational, and age composition of CHF patients, modes of transmission, features of the clinical course of the disease in 2020 corresponded to the data of long-term observations. Epizootiological monitoring of the territory of the CHF natural focus showed that the abundance of Hyalomma marginatum adults and the percentage of Ixodidae tick pools positive for the presence of CCHF virus markers corresponded to the average long-term indicators at stationary observation points in 2020 , which indicates the persisting epizootiological disadvantage of the territory of the natural CHF focus in the Russian Federation. The persisting high numbers and infection rate of H. marginatum ticks can contribute to the development of an unfavorable epidemiological situation in the south of the country with a possible increase in the incidence of CHF in the Russian Federation in 2021. 

scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of Diptera in individual biotopes in the center of the European part of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-379
Author(s):  
A. B. Ruchin ◽  
M. N. Esin
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
European Part ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
The Family ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Aspen Forest ◽  
Number Of Individuals

In a changing climate, phenological observations are gaining new importance. They can tell what changes are taking place in certain environmental conditions. The studies were conducted in 2019 within the territory of the Republic of Mordovia (the center of the European part of Russia). Beer traps (beer as a bait) were used to collect Diptera. The material was collected in the period from April to October in different forest biotopes (pine forest, lime forest, aspen forest, birch forest and oak forest) and the air temperature was recorded at the same time. In total, more than 14.000 specimens of Diptera were recorded. Overall, 29 families were recorded. The largest number of families was observed for birch (23 families) and pine (24 families) forests, the smallest number – in aspen forest (16 families). The families Muscidae, Drosophilidae, Calliphoridae had the largest number of captured individuals (44.5%, 35.2%, 7.6% of the total number of individuals respectively). The highest number of individuals was captured in oak forest. The dynamics of abundance in all biotopes were similar and were characterized by the same number of declines and rises. The first small significant peak in the number of Diptera occurred in the first half of summer. A slight increase in the number of specimenі occurred in mid-June. In the second half of September, there was a gradual increase in the number and the maximum peak was recorded in mid-October, then there was a decline. The autumn increase in the number of Diptera in all five biotopes exceeded the summer peak by several times. This dynamic was typical for most families. However, species from the family Lonchaeidae had the peak in July. For our better understanding of the changes in the seasonal dynamics of the number of Diptera, long-term observations in different climatic zones are needed.

scholarly journals Cytokine, Chemokine, and Metalloprotease Activation in the Serum of Patients with Nephropathia Epidemica from the Republic of Tatarstan and the Republic of Mordovia, Russia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Martynova ◽  
Yuriy Davidyuk ◽  
Emmanuel Kabwe ◽  
Ekaterina E. Garanina ◽  
Venera Shakirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Nephropathia Epidemica ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
The Republic

Nephropathia Epidemica (NE), endemic to several Volga regions of Russia, including the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) and the Republic of Mordovia (RM), is a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by infection with rodent-borne orthohantaviruses. Although NE cases have been reported for decades, little is known about the hantavirus strains associated with human infection in these regions. There is also limited understanding of the pathogenesis of NE in the RT and the RM. To address these knowledge gaps, we conducted comparative analyses of patients with NE in the RT and the RM. Clinical symptoms were more severe in patients with NE from the RM with longer observed duration of fever symptoms and hospitalization. Analysis of patient sera showed changes in the levels of numerous cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in patients with NE from both the RT and the RM, suggesting leukocyte activation, extracellular matrix degradation, and leukocyte chemotaxis. Interestingly, levels of several cytokines were distinctly different between patients NE from the RT when compared with those from the RM. These differences were not related to the genetic variation of orthohantaviruses circulating in those regions, as sequence analysis showed that Puumala virus (PUUV) was the causative agent of NE in these regions. Additionally, only the “Russia” (RUS) genetic lineage of PUUV was detected in the serum samples of patients with NE from both the RT and the RM. We therefore conclude that differences in serum cytokine, chemokine, and MMP levels between the RT and the RM are related to environmental factors and lifestyle differences that influence individual immune responses to orthohantavirus infection.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF NATURAL FOCAL INFECTIONS ON THE SOUTHERN EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN 2016

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.F. Vasilenko ◽  
O.V. Maletskaya ◽  
E.A. Manin ◽  
D.A. Prislegina ◽  
L.I. Shaposhnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
European Part ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Granulocytic Anaplasmosis ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis

The results of epizootological monitoring of the Southern European part of Russia (Southern and North- Caucasian Federal Districts), which has been tested for 18 nosological forms of natural focal infections are presented. There have been tested the laboratory studies of 45 615 samples of field material, the markers of pathogens of 15 nosological forms are identified. The circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is identified in 10 subjects, the pathogen of tularemia – in eight regions, Lyme borreliosis – in seven, Q fever – in six; pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, West Nile fever, leptospirosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis – in five subjects. The markers of pathogens of human monocytic ehrlichiosis and tick-borne viral encephalitis were detected in four subjects, pseudotuberculosis and intestinal yersiniosis – in three and Arboviruses (Sindbis, Inkoо, Tahyna) – in one region.

scholarly journals Molecular Diagnostics of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome during a Dobrava Virus Infection Outbreak in the European Part of Russia

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 4029-4036 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Dzagurova ◽  
B. Klempa ◽  
E. A. Tkachenko ◽  
G. P. Slyusareva ◽  
V. G. Morozov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Molecular Diagnostics ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
European Part ◽  
Dobrava Virus ◽  
European Part Of Russia
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