scholarly journals Far Eastern Scarlet-Like Fever is a Special Clinical and Epidemic Manifestation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection in Russia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Larisa M. Somova ◽  
Fedor F. Antonenko ◽  
Nelly F. Timchenko ◽  
Irina N. Lyapun
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Far East ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Clonal Line ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
Sporadic Disease ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Far Eastern

Pseudotuberculosis in humans until the 1950s was found in different countries of the world as a rare sporadic disease that occurred in the form of acute appendicitis and mesenteric lymphadenitis. In Russia and Japan, the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Y. pseudotuberculosis) infection often causes outbreaks of the disease with serious systemic inflammatory symptoms, and this variant of the disease has been known since 1959 as Far Eastern Scarlet-like Fever (FESLF). Russian researchers have proven that the FESLF pathogen is associated with a concrete clonal line of Y. pseudotuberculosis, characterized by a specific plasmid profile (pVM82, pYV 48 MDa), sequence (2ST) and yadA gene allele (1st allele). This review summarized the most important achievements in the study of FESLF since its discovery in the Far East. It has been established that the FESLF causative agent is characterized by a unique phenomenon of psychrophilicity, which consists of its ability to reproduce in the environment with its biologically low and variable temperature (4–12 °C), at which the pathogen multiplies and accumulates while maintaining or increasing its virulence, which ensures the emergence and development of the epidemic process. The key genetic and biochemical mechanisms of Y. pseudotuberculosis adaptation to changing environmental conditions were characterized, and the morphological manifestations of the adaptive variability of these bacteria in different conditions of their habitat were revealed. The main features of the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of FESLF, including those associated with the Y. pseudotuberculosis toxigenicity, were presented. The pathogenetic value of the plasmid PVM82, found only in the FESLF pathogen, was shown.

scholarly journals Constructivism of Sergei Tretyakov. Iron Pause (“Zheleznaya Pauza”). Part 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-83
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kapinos
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Rhythmic Structure ◽  
Modernist Poetry ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
Verbal Construction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Creative Group

The article deals with the first poetry book by S. Tretyakov “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”) published in Vladivostok in 1919 but prepared for publication earlier in Moscow – in 1915–1917. “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”) belongs to rare and little investigated books for which the approach used in the article with respect to poetics is topical. The author analyzed the key texts of the first and second parts of the books: “The Match Box” (“Spichechnaya korobka”), “You in Darkness Read, Like a Cat” (“Vy v temnote chitaete, kak koshka”), “Carpet” (“Kover”), “Allegro Trills” (“Treli allegro”), “Impudent People” (“Nakhaly”). All these poems are interconnected not only by common motifs, but also by verbal construction; they are characterized by intensive word dynamics and geometry, numerous metonymic substitutions, high-level sematic concentration and complicated rhythmic and phonetic patterns. Special attention in the article is paid to the undertones of the enigmatic poem “Impudent People” (“Nakhaly”) depicting some scenes of aggression, violence, “brutality” under the semblance of a festive event with fireworks. The poem’s underlying idea displays traces of works by V. Khlebnikov (“The Star Alphabet”), by V. Mayakovsly (“The War and the World” poem) and by poets belonging to the Vladivostok creative group “Tvorchestvo”. Lyrical plots of the poems assembled in the book “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”) are not original; they are traditional for avant-garde poetry and in a broader sense – for modernist poetry. However, Tretyakov vitalizes traditional lexical repertory of modernist poetry giving it occasional meaning and using all lexical units to achieve complex phonics and rhythmic structure. Except that the article offers the implications review of the key poems of “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”), “Impudent People” (“Nakhaly”), just like the entire book “Iron Pause” (“Zheleznaya pauza”), is read by the article author in presence of the Far-Eastern publicism and criticisim from newspapers and magazines published at the turn of 1920s by various Far-Eastern political and literary entities. The article bibliography includes rare 1918–1922 editions of the Far East: newspapers “Echo” («Ekho»), “Vladivo-Nippo”, “Far Eastern Review” (“Dalnevostochnoe obozrenie”), “Manchurian Life” (“Manzhurskaya zhisn’”), journals “Creation” (“Tvorchestvo”), “Biruch”, “Lel’”, “Yun’”, “Week” (“Nedelya”), etc.

scholarly journals On the 60th anniversary of discovery and study of the far eastern scarlet-like fever

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
L. M. Somova ◽  
B. G. Andryukov
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Clonal Line ◽  
60Th Anniversary ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Medical Microbiology ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Far Eastern

The priority results of Russian researchers obtained over a 60-year period of studying Far Eastern scarlet-like fever (FESLF) are presented. It is proved that this previously unknown clinical-epidemical manifestation of pseudotuberculosis in medicine occurred as a result of the acquisition of special extrachromosomal genetic information (plasmid pVM 82) by the pathogen. FESLF was found to be associated with a specific clonal line of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, extended in Russia. The results of a long-term study of DSL became the basis for revealing the fundamental issues of medical microbiology and ecology, namely: the concept of the psychrophilicity of pathogenic bacteria and the significance of this phenomenon in the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the diseases they cause, saprophytism and parasitism of pathogenic bacteria, as well as for the development of the doctrine of saprozoonoses (sapronoses) with identification of genetic and biochemical mechanisms of pathogenic bacteria adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The relevance of further research on the problem of FESLF is associated with establishment the significance of heteromorphism and persistence of Y. рseudotuberculosis in the interepidemic period.

scholarly journals BIOMOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF YERSINIA PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS AND YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA ISOLATED IN SIBERIA AND IN THE FAR EAST

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Климов ◽  
Valeriy Klimov ◽  
Каримова ◽  
Tatyana Karimova ◽  
Чеснокова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Difference ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Far East ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Single Plasmid ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Thermostable Toxin

A special feature of Y. pseudotuberculosis strains is its biochemical uniformity irrespective of the time and location of the causative agent isolation and the existence of 21 serological variants. Y. enterocolitica is a quite a heterogeneous species and is classified into 6 biochemical types associated with 29 serological variants. 221 Y. pseudotuberculosis and 447 Y. enterocolitica strains in total isolated in Siberia and in the Far East were characterized. Y. pseudotuberculosis genotype dominating in the Siberian and Far Eastern regions is presented by О:1b serotype of the first genogroup (pYV+, ympA+, HPI-) in two- (47:82 МDа) or single-plasmid (47 МDа) variants. Ribotyping and fingerprinting revealed 8 and 10 Y. pseudotuberculosis genotypes, respectively, that indicated relative heterogeneity of the circulated strains. Regional difference of ribotypes and fingerprints was noted. 401 of 447 Y. enterocolitica strains were classified as biotype A1 including 11 serotypes (O:4,32; O:4,44; O:5; O:6,30; O:6,31; O;7,8; O:12,25; O:13,7; O:19,8; O:41,43) and 46 strains belonged to biotypes 2–4 of O:3 and O:9 serotypes. Y. enterocolitica strains of biotypes 1A were isolated both from the environments, animals and patient samples as like the representatives of biotypes 2–4. The differentiating tests of fucose and sorbose made it possible to identify two species new for the Russian Federation – Y. mollaretii and Y. bercovierii. Y. enterocolitica biotypes 2–4 carried pYV plasmid and chromosomal ail, ystA virulence genes. These strains were referred to phagotypes Х3 (2/O:9) and VIII (4/O:3) and also to phagotype Xz (3/O:3), unique for Russia. Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A containing ystB thermostable toxin gene was confirmed to be an infectious etiological agent.

scholarly journals Main Results of the Research on the Far Eastern Scarlet-Like Fever as a Specific Clinical and Epidemic Manifestation of Pseudotuberculosis: A Review of Comprehensive Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
LM Somova ◽  
NF Timchenko ◽  
IN Lyapun ◽  
EI Drobot
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Dormant Forms ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Sporadic Disease ◽  
Far Eastern

Introduction: Until 1950s, pseudotuberculosis in humans was known in the world as a sporadic disease with appendicular syndrome. In 1959, the first outbreak of a previously unknown disease called Far Eastern scarlet-like fever (FESLF) was registered in Vladivostok. The purpose of this article is to review priority achievements of the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.P. Somov in the field of studying FESLF as a specific clinical and epidemic manifestation of pseudotuberculosis in Russia. Materials and methods: The priority data were obtained based on microbiological, epidemiological, molecular genetic, as well as pathomorphological and electron microscopic studies of biological samples from human FESLF cases and experimental animals infected with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains with different plasmid characteristics. Results: It has been proven that the FESLF pathogen is a specific clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis having a certain plasmid profile pVM82, pYV 48 MDa, sequence type (2ST) and the first allele of the yadA gene. The causative agent of FESLF is characterized by the phenomenon of psychrophilicity, which consists in its ability to multiply in the environment with its biologically low and changing temperature (4–12 °C), at which the pathogen multiplies and accumulates while preserving or increasing its virulence, thus inducing the epidemic process. The article describes the main genetic and biochemical mechanisms of Y. pseudotuberculosis adaptation to changing environmental conditions, reveals morphological manifestations of the adaptive variability of these bacteria under different conditions of their habitat, and presents the main features of the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of FESLF, including those associated with plasmid characteristics and toxigenicity of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Conclusion: Currently, the epidemic process of pseudotuberculosis/FESLF is characterized by a decrease in the proportion of outbreaks and predominance of sporadic cases. The relevance of further research is associated with the study of the dormant forms of Y. pseudotuberculosis and the formation of ideas about pseudotuberculosis as a persistent infectious disease.

scholarly journals A.N. KRYSHTOFOVICH: GEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN THE FAR EAST AND THEIR RESULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
I.A. Starodubtseva ◽  
◽  
A.B. Herman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Far East ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
World Science ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
First Time

he paper is devoted to research of the famous paleobotanist and stratigrapher A.N. Kryshtofovich in the Far East. Here he has been formed as a geologist, palaeobotanist and stratigrapher. His discovery of the Late Cretaceous flora in Sakhalin Island and elaboration of the Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy was a sinificant contribution to the world science. His geological researches in the Sakhalin Island provided a base of the further investigation of the continental Upper Cretaceous in the region. In the Far East, A.N. Kryshtofovich collaborated with the famous Far Eastern geologist E.E. Anert. Their correspondence is published here for the first time.

scholarly journals Дальневосточные зарисовки Александра Яковлева

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXIV) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Юлия Шапченко
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
Imperial Academy ◽  
Chinese Theater ◽  
Chinese Author ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Revolution

Alexandre Yakovlev was a famous Russian painter, graphic and theatre artist, a graduate from the Imperial Academy of Arts and a member of the “World of Art”. In 1917 by the order of the Academy (material collection to decorate interiors of the Kazanian railway station) Yakovlev went to Beijing, then he traveled a lot throughout China, Mongolia and Japan. He explored Chinese and Japanese theaters, as a result he made many ethnographic sketches, portraits and photographs. He arranged the exhibition of his drawings in Shanghai (in 1919). Finding out about the revolution in Russia he emigrated to France. Since 1919 he lived in Paris. He showed multiple works of Far Eastern cycle at personal exhibitions in Paris (Barbazanges Gallery, 1920 and 1921; together with V. Shuhaev), London (Grafton Gallery, 1920) and Chicago (Art Institute, 1922). In 1922 the pub-lisher Lucien Vogel published an album Drawings and paintings of the Far East, which included 50 reproductions of Yakovlev’s Far-East cycle (the book was designed by Shuhaev). At the same time the artist produced an album on the Chinese theater with accompanying text by a Chinese author Zhu Kim-Kim. In 1931–1932 Yakovlev took part in the “Yellow Cruise” arranged by the “Citroen” company. From this expedition he brought some new series of drawings. At the end of the cruise he presented his artworks in Paris and at foreign exhibitions. This background of the artist’s life is subject to be studied better in Russia.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF SIBERIA AND THE FAR EAST AT THE TRANSITION STAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Г. Сафиуллин
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Far Eastern

Развитие научно-образовательной сферы в передовых странах мира за период с 1970 по 2020 годы характеризуется усилением международной конкуренции. В статье дан анализ территориальных особенностей и тенденций инвестирования в научно-образовательную сферу, динамики численности исследователей с учеными степенями и их подготовки по регионам Сибири и Дальнего Востока России. В регионах Сибири и Дальнего Востока в трансформации научно-образовательной сферы после 1991 года наметились негативные тенденции. В развитых странах мира в отличие от России, объемы инвестиций в научную сферу постоянно увеличиваются. Распределение фонда оплаты труда на научные исследования и разработки по субъектам Уральского, Сибирского и Дальневосточного федеральных округов характеризуется существенной территориальной дифференциацией и в большинстве субъектов оплата труда исследователей ниже среднего российского уровня. Большинство субъектов Уральского, Сибирского и Дальневосточного федеральных округов имеют недостаточное финансирование по текущим затратам на научные исследования и разработки. The development of the scientific and educational sphere in the advanced countries of the world for the period from 1970 to 2020 is characterized by increased international competition. The article analyzes the territorial features and trends of investment in the scientific and educational sphere, the dynamics of the number of researchers with academic degrees and their training in the regions of Siberia and the Russian Far East. In the regions of Siberia and the Far East, there were negative trends in the transformation of the scientific and educational sphere after 1991. In the developed countries of the world, in contrast to Russia, the volume of investment in the scientific sphere is constantly increasing. The distribution of the remuneration fund for research and development in the subjects of the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts is characterized by significant territorial differentiation and in most subjects the remuneration of researchers is below the average Russian level. Most of the subjects of the Ural, Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts have insufficient funding for current research and development costs.

ON CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN THE GRASS FAMILY (POACEAE) IN RUSSIA, WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE FAR EAST

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 29-64
Author(s):  
N.S. Probatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Far East

The paper summarizes information on chromosome numbers (CNs) of the Grass species (Poaceae) in the flora of Russian Federation, obtained on the original material, most part - from the Russian Far East (RFE). In some species the CNs are known in Russia or in the world only from RFE, in some – from one locality or few, or from one subregion of RFE. The grass species in RFE often occur in mountain regions and near seacoasts; some species are endemics, some were studied near the limits of their geographical distribution areas. The diversity of CNs, the special features of the CNs distribution in some grass groups are discussed. The alien species are abundant in RFE, and their CNs are also involved in the study. For karyologically polymorphous species further studies are needed.

On Drummondia sinensis var. ussuriensis (Drummondiaceae, Bryophyta)

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Afonina ◽  
V. Ya. Cherdantseva
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
The Far East ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
World Distribution ◽  
North Eastern Part ◽  
State Nature

Drummondia sinensis Mull. Hal. var. ussuriensis (Broth.) Vitt has been found in Sokhondinskiy State Nature Biosphere Reserve (Zabaikalsky Territory, Southern Siberia). Earlier it was known in Russia from the southern part of the Far East as well as in north-eastern part of China and North of Mongolia. The type variety of Drummondia sinensis occurs in eastern part of China, Japan and India. Description and illustration of D. sinensis var. ussuriensis based on the material collected in Russia are given, comparison with close taxa is provided, and the world distribution is dicussed.

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