scholarly journals In Vivo Characterisation of Five Strains of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus 1 (Subgenotype 1c)

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Ambrose ◽  
Jennifer Gravel ◽  
Margaret Commins ◽  
Elizabeth Fowler ◽  
Timothy Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

scholarly journals Modulation of sex hormone secretion in cows by acute infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Fray ◽  
GE Mann ◽  
EC Bleach ◽  
PG Knight ◽  
MC Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Infection ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen of cattle and is responsible for considerable reproductive loss. In this study, the in vivo responses in six multiparous cows were investigated after a non-cytopathogenic BVDV challenge (strain Pe 515; 5 x 10(6) tissue culture infective dose 50) given 9 days before a synchronized ovulation. Six similar cows challenged with non-infectious culture medium served as controls. The experimental noncytopathogenic BVDV infection was followed by a viraemia and leucopenia at days 5-9 after challenge, but no other clinical signs of infection were detected. However, the BVDV infection altered endocrine function. Mean LH pulse frequency immediately before CIDR withdrawal was lower (P < or = 0.05) in the BVDV-infected (2.17 +/- 0.34 pulses per 8 h) compared with the sham-infected (4.83 +/- 1.04 pulses per 8 h) animals. At day 3 after CIDR withdrawal, plasma oestradiol concentrations remained high (P < 0.05) in the infected cows (2.19 +/- 0.51 pg ml(-1)) compared with the sham-infected controls (0.72 +/- 0.29 pg ml(-1)). However, there was no difference in the peak oestradiol concentration (BVDV: 2.31 +/- 0.29 versus sham: 2.34 +/- 0.41 pg ml(-1)). In addition, non-cytopathogenic BVDV significantly (P < 0.05) increased the duration of the interval between ovulation and onset of the postovulatory progesterone increase (values 1.0 ng ml(-1)) (BVDV: 3.0 +/- 0.26 versus sham: 4.0 +/- 0.26 days). The viral infection also significantly (P < 0.01) decreased mean plasma progesterone concentrations between day 3 and day 11 after ovulation (BVDV: 2.59 +/- 0.32 versus sham: 4.13 +/- 0.27 ng ml(-1)). These data show that non-cytopathogenic BVDV viraemias during the follicular phase can modulate the secretion of gonadotrophins and sex steroids, in particular progesterone, during a synchronized oestrous cycle. Therefore, viraemias during the follicular phase may reduce the fertility of cattle by disrupting the capacity of the ovulatory follicle to form a competent corpus luteum, thereby compromising early embryo development and maternal recognition of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Antigen-presenting cells from calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus, a member of the Flaviviridae, are not compromised in their ability to present viral antigen

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1677-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Glew ◽  
Chris J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Antigen Presenting

The aim of this study was to assess whether the infection of antigen-presenting cells (APC) in vivo, evident in calves persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), compromised their ability to stimulate virus-specific T cell responses. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule-identical cattle were identified from the inbred family at the Institute for Animal Health. One was PI and immunotolerant to BVDV. Virus was not isolated from the remaining calves, which were classified as BVDV-immune or BVDV-naïve depending on the presence or absence of BVDV-specific antibodies in sera. Two-colour flow-cytometric analysis of PBMC from the PI calf showed that 40% of CD14+ monocytes were infected in vivo. Monocytes from the PI calf (PI monocytes) were used as naturally infected ex vivo APC with CD4+ or CD8+ T cells isolated from the BVDV-naïve or BVDV-immune animals. PI monocytes stimulated proliferative responses with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from BVDV-immune animals, but not from BVDV-naïve calves. This provided evidence for the presence of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells after acute infection and indicated that ex vivo monocytes from PI, immunotolerant calves stimulated both MHC class I- and MHC class II-restricted T cell responses to BVDV. Additionally, naturally infected ex vivo monocytes cultured in vitro for 3 days stimulated effective T cell responses to the virus with which they were infected.

Pathological lesions of lambs infected in utero with bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1c (BVDV-1c)

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Caitlin A. Evans ◽  
Lucy Woolford ◽  
Farhid Hemmatzadeh ◽  
Michael P. Reichel ◽  
Peter D. Cockcroft
Keyword(s):  
Virus Type ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1b infection associated with congenital tremor and hypomyelination in Holstein calves

2021 ◽  
pp. 109047
Author(s):  
Laura Gallina ◽  
Michel C. Koch ◽  
Arcangelo Gentile ◽  
Ida Treglia ◽  
Cristiano Bombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Congenital Tremor

A survey for bvdv antibodies in cattle farms in Slovakia and genetic typing of bvdv isolates from imported animals

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Vilček ◽  
Jana Mojžišová ◽  
Viera Bajová ◽  
Š. Paulík ◽  
L. Strojný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Cattle Farms

A serological survey for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) antibodies on a collection of 1295 serum samples obtained from 6-12 months old cattle originating from 45 farms in Slovakia was carried out. On 13 farms more than 90% of the examined animals were seropositive, on 14 farms 71-90% seroprevalence was observed, on 13 farms only 50-70% animals were found to be positive for BVDV antibodies, while the remaining 5 farms showed fewer than 50% seropositive animals. The average incidence of BVDV antibodies (around 70%) was similar as determined 30 years ago. Of 84 serum samples from seronegative animals originating from 14 farms in which 70-98% seropositivity was observed, six were positive in Ag-BVDV ELISA indicating persistently infected (PI) cattle. On a farm to which animals were imported from abroad, a BVD outbreak was observed. Of 110 animals tested, four were positive in Ag-ELISA indicating the presence of PI cattle on this farm. Genetic typing of two isolates from imported animals performed by RT-PCR (324/326 primers from 5´-UTR), sequencing of PCR products and computer-assisted phylogenetic analysis revealed that they belong to BVDV-1h group.

Anti-Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Antibodies in Adult Zambian Patients Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Giangaspero ◽  
G Vacirca ◽  
D Morgan ◽  
K S Baboo ◽  
N P Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus is a cosmopolitan pestivirus of animals which is associated with diarrhoea, immunosuppression and synergy with other pathogens. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of anti-BVD virus antibodies in healthy Zambian adults and those with asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV disease. Sera from 1159 adults were tested for anti-BVD virus antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence test and the confirmatory Western blot. Of the 1159 sera examined, 180 (15.5%) showed significantly elevated titres of anti-BVD antibodies. These included 70 out of 477 (14.7%) HIV-negative healthy adults; 73 out of 480 (15.2%) of HIV-positive asymptomatic individuals; 23 out of 129 (17.8%) HIV-seropositive patients with associated illnesses excluding diarrhoea; and 14 out of 73 (19.2%) of HIV-seropositive patients with chronic diarrhoea. HIV-seropositive patients with chronic diarrhoea or associated illnesses appear to have significantly increased seroprevalence of anti-BVD virus antibodies ( P = >0.01). The mechanism of interaction between BVD virus and HIV infections and the synergistic effects with other opportunistic pathogens in humans requires definition.

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