scholarly journals Translational Research of Zoonotic Parasites: Toward Improved Tools for Diagnosis, Treatment and Control

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1416
Author(s):  
Vito Colella ◽  
Rebecca J. Traub ◽  
Robin B. Gasser
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
And Control

A range of factors, including social, demographic and economic transformation and human-induced environmental changes, are influencing the emergence or re-emergence of zoonoses, posing new challenges in how we detect, treat and prevent such diseases [...]

scholarly journals The intensity of slope and fluvial processes after a catastrophic windthrow event in small catchments in the Tatra Mountains

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1405-1423
Author(s):  
Dariusz Strzyżowski ◽  
Elżbieta Gorczyca ◽  
Kazimierz Krzemień ◽  
Mirosław Żelazny
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Bedload Transport ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
Fluvial Processes ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Tatra Mountains ◽  
The Impact

AbstractStrong wind events frequently result in creating large areas of windthrow, which causes abrupt environmental changes. Bare soil surfaces within pits and root plates potentially expose soil to erosion. Absence of forest may alter the dynamics of water circulation. In this study we attempt to answer the question of whether extensive windthrows influence the magnitude of geomorphic processes in 6 small second- to third-order catchments with area ranging from 0.09 km2 to 0.8 km2. Three of the catchments were significantly affected by a windthrow which occurred in December 2013 in the Polish part of the Tatra Mountains, and the other three catchments were mostly forested and served as control catchments. We mapped the pits created by the windthrow and the linear scars created by salvage logging operations in search of any signs of erosion within them. We also mapped all post-windthrow landslides created in the windthrow-affected catchments. The impact of the windthrow on the fluvial system was investigated by measuring a set of channel characteristics and determining bedload transport intensity using painted tracers in all the windthrow-affected and control catchments. Both pits and linear scars created by harvesting tend to become overgrown by vegetation in the first several years after the windthrow. The only signs of erosion were observed in 10% of the pits located on convergent slopes. During the period from the windthrow event in 2013 until 2019, 5 very small (total area <100 m2) shallow landslides were created. The mean distance of bedload transport was similar (t-test, p=0.05) in most of the windthrow-affected and control catchments. The mapping of channels revealed many cases of root plates fallen into a channel and pits created near a channel. A significant amount of woody debris delivered into the channels influenced the activity of fluvial processes by creating alternating zones of erosion and accumulation.

State approaches to non-state interactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Y. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

The chapter focuses on cross-border relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and Xinjiang-Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, examining the attempts of respective states to intervene in and/or co-opt long-established traditions of transborder flows. Despite having existed on opposite sides of closely guarded borders for most of the 20th century, the two adjoining regions managed to keep alive long-established traditions of cross-border interactions thanks to shared ethnic, cultural, and linguistic features. The frontier societies there today have lived through multiple challenges – the indiscriminate border policy of the Soviet era on Kazakhstan’s side and the tumultuous early years of socialist China engendered exoduses of people across semi-controlled borders. Almost all official interactions stopped until the 1990s when new challenges and opportunities presented themselves and, with them, the revival of informal cross-border exchanges and states’ attempts to co-opt and control them.

14. Green criminology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Brisman ◽  
Nigel South
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Green Criminology ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Criminological Perspective ◽  
Wildlife Trafficking ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
And Control

Criminology must maintain relevance in a changing world and engage with new challenges. Perhaps pre-eminent among those facing the planet today are threats to the natural environment and, by extension, to human health and rights and to other species. A green criminology has emerged as a (now well established) criminological perspective that addresses a wide range of harms, offences, and crimes related to the environment and environmental victims. This chapter provides a review of green criminological work on climate change, consumption and waste, state-corporate and organized crimes, animal abuse, and wildlife trafficking. It also considers the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches to regulation and control.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Relationships Among Some Neotropical Parrot Genera (Psittacidae) Based on Mitochondrial Sequences

The Auk ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
Erika S. Tavares ◽  
Carlos Yamashita ◽  
Cristina Y. Miyaki
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New World ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Mitochondrial Sequences ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ribosomal Dnas

Abstract The New World tribe Arini includes 30 genera and represents 148 known species of parrots. A previous phylogenetic study examined nine of those genera and suggested the existence of two groups. Our objective was to better understand the relationships among 14 species from 9 genera belonging to one of those groups. We partially sequenced the 12S and 16S ribosomal DNAs, cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase I, and control region. We improved our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships among Neotropical parrots by adding both taxa and sequences, but the relationships among the deeper lineages were not well resolved. Our results agree with present classifications that place some species formerly in the genus Ara into three additional genera (Primolius, Orthopsittaca, and Diopsittaca). Additionally, we suggest that (1) D. nobilis and Guarouba guarouba are closely related and the genus Aratinga is not monophyletic; (2) diversification of genera may have occurred during the Miocene, and of species within genera during the Pliocene and Pleistocene; and (3) geologic, climatic, and environmental changes in South America may have been related to that diversification.

scholarly journals The Genetic and Environmental Adaptation of the Associated Liana Species Derris trifoliata Lour. (Leguminosae) in Mangroves

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Kun Xin ◽  
Baowen Liao ◽  
Xihang Ai ◽  
Nong Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Sexual Propagation ◽  
Specific Locus ◽  
And Control

Derris trifoliata Lour. is an indigenous and associated liana species of mangroves in China; however, its rapid dispersal is threatening mangrove survival. To explore and evaluate their persistence in past disturbances and their potential resistance to future climate and environmental changes, 120 D. trifoliata samples were collected from three sites in Guangdong Province, China, and they were used to develop single nucleotide polymorphic markers using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing technology. A total of 351.59 Mb reads and 97,998 polymorphic specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing tags were identified, including 360,672 single nucleotide polymorphisms. The principal component analysis, phylogenetic tree, and genetic structure all clustered the samples according to their geographic positions. The three populations showed medium genetic diversity levels and high clonal diversity, indicating that sexual propagation played vital roles in the populations’ succession, although clonal growth was intense within the populations. An association analysis revealed that 9 out of 16 markers were correlated with nitrogen, which indicated the positive roles of nitrogen in population formation and maintenance. This study provides an ecological and molecular basis for understanding the outbreaks of D. trifoliata in mangroves. To control the further expansion of D. trifoliata in mangroves, preventive and control measures should be taken against clonal growth and sexual propagation, respectively; obstructing the clonal growth, especially that of the stolon, should be mainly considered at the junctions of D. trifoliata and mangroves.

scholarly journals Challenges for Future Flexible Electric Power Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ali Feliachi
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Electric Power Systems ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Storage

This paper describes some of the challenges that face the operation of future electric power systems. These systems are becoming more flexible and agile. Their physical structures and connections are continuously changing as microgrids, electric vehicles, and other generation and storage devices are connected/disconnected from the grid, which result in new challenges for the operation, management, and control of the systems of the future that incorporate active participation of the consumers, and high penetration of intermittent nature renewable resources such as wind and solar.

scholarly journals Understanding breast cancer as a global health concern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Wilkinson ◽  
Toral Gathani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
The World ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis ◽  
And Control

Breast cancer is now the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. The most recent global cancer burden figures estimate that there were 2.26 million incident breast cancer cases in 2020 and the disease is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. The incidence is strongly correlated with human development, with a large rise in cases anticipated in regions of the world that are currently undergoing economic transformation. Survival, however, is far less favourable in less developed regions. There are a multitude of factors behind disparities in the global survival rates, including delays in diagnosis and lack of access to effective treatment. The World Health Organization’s new Global Breast Cancer Initiative was launched this year to address this urgent global health challenge. It aims to improve survival across the world through three pillars: health promotion, timely diagnosis, and comprehensive treatment and supportive care. In this article, we discuss the key challenges of breast cancer care and control in a global context.

scholarly journals Epiphytic bryozoan community of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile leaves in two different meadows at disturbed and control locations

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. KOCAK ◽  
S. AYDIN-ONEN
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Posidonia Oceanica ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Bryozoan Species ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The impact of fish farming activities on Posidonia oceanica meadows in the Aegean Sea have been detected by using bryozoan epiphytes as indicators of disturbance. Samples were collected by SCUBA diving in September 2004 for comparing assemblages between disturbed (I1:0-5 m; I2:5-10 m and I3:10-15 m) and control meadows (C1:0-5 m; C2:5-10 m and C3:10-15 m) located at different depths. Regarding to mean percentage cover of bryozoans, significant differences were found between stations, leaf sides, depths and their interactions (p<0.05). Bryozoan species were colonized densely on back side of the adult leaves. Bantariella verticillata, Alcyonidium sp., Aetea truncata, Chorizopora brongniartii, Fenestrulina joannae were frequently observed species on P. oceanica leaves. B. verticillata showed statistically significant side and station differences while other species showed only significant side differences. Moreover, the mean coverage of Aetea truncata showed neither station nor side variations. B. verticillata could be evaluated as an appropriate key species for environmental changes. In the impacted meadow, higher mean coverage values of the species were particularly determined on front side of the leaves. These results suggest that characteristics of localities, leaf sides and leaf parts can be responsible factors on coverage value of epiphytic bryozoan species.

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