scholarly journals Streptococcus suis Isolates—Serotypes and Susceptibility to Antimicrobials in Terms of Their Use on Selected Repopulated Czech Pig Farms

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Ján Matiašovic ◽  
Kateřina Nedbalcová ◽  
Marek Žižlavský ◽  
Petr Fleischer ◽  
Lucie Pokludová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sequence Types

Streptococcus suis represents a primary health problem (such as meningitis, septicemia and arthritis in piglets and fatteners) in the swine industry worldwide and also an emerging zoonotic pathogen. In the Czech Republic, many pig farms repopulated their herds over the past decades to reduce morbidity and minimize treatment. The study analysed serotypes, sequence types and antimicrobial susceptibility in 39 S. suis isolates obtained from organs of diseased pigs from selected 16 repopulated farms with a history of S. suis-associated diseases and routine antimicrobial treatment with tulathromycin and/or amoxicillin. The analysis revealed diversity of collected isolates with regular occurrence of more than three serotypes per farm. The serotypes identified were 1/2 and 7, each in six isolates, followed by serotype 2 and 3 found in five isolates each, other serotypes were less frequent. Seven isolates were not typable by multiplex PCR and we also found sequence type of unknown type in thirteen isolates. The majority of S. suis isolates were resistant to clindamycin (n = 31), tetracycline (n = 29) and tilmicosin and tulathromycin (n = 28). On the other hand, with the exception of two isolates that were intermediately susceptible to penicillin and ampicillin, all isolates were susceptible to all three tested subgroups of beta-lactam antibiotics.

scholarly journals Mycoplasma pneumoniae may cause dyspnoea and hospitalisations in young healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riku Metsälä ◽  
Solja Ala-Korpi ◽  
Juha Rannikko ◽  
Merja Helminen ◽  
Marjo Renko
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

AbstractPolymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostics for Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) from the respiratory tract has become widely available, but the interpretation of the results remains unclear. M. pneumoniae has been suggested to cause mainly mild and self-limiting infections or asymptomatic carriage. However, systematic analyses of the association between PCR results and clinical findings are scarce. This study aimed to clarify the clinical features of PCR-positive M. pneumoniae infections in a hospital setting. We reviewed 103 PCR-positive patients cared for in a university hospital during a 3-year period. Data on age, sex, health condition, acute symptoms, other pathogens found, laboratory and X-ray results and treatments were collected. Over 85% of the patients had a triad of typical symptoms: fever, cough and shortness of breath. Symptoms in the upper respiratory tract were rare. In 91% of the cases, M. pneumoniae was the only pathogen found. The highest incidence was found in the age group of 30–40 years, and 68% of the patients did not have any underlying diseases. Most patients were initially empirically treated with beta-lactam antibiotics and needed 2–4 changes in their treatment. Only 6% were discharged without an antibiotic effective against M. pneumoniae. This study shows that M. pneumoniae often led to hospitalisation and that patients needed appropriate antimicrobial treatment to recover. Mixed infections were rare, and situations that could be interpreted as carriage did not occur.

scholarly journals Genotypic Comparison between Streptococcus suis Isolated from Pigs and Humans in Thailand

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusak Kerdsin ◽  
Dan Takeuchi ◽  
Aniroot Nuangmek ◽  
Yukihiro Akeda ◽  
Marcelo Gottschalk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Pork Products ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Sequence Types

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen of economic significance to the swine industry. The number of infected cases is increasing in humans worldwide. In this study, we determined the prevalence and diversity of S. suis carriage in slaughterhouse pigs in Phayao province, Thailand, where an outbreak occurred in 2007. The overall S. suis carriage rate was 35.2% among slaughterhouse pigs. The prevalence rates of serotypes 2 and 14 (the major serotypes infected in humans) were 6.7% and 2.6%, respectively. In both serotypes, 70.4% of isolates of serotypes 2 and 14 revealed sequence types and pulsotypes identical to human isolates in Thailand. It is suggested that pathogenic strains of S. suis are a risk factor for occupational exposure to pigs or the consumption of raw pork products. Food safety, hygiene, and health education should be encouraged to reduce the risk group.

scholarly journals Intercontinental spread of OXA-48 beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae over a 11-year period, 2001 to 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Potron ◽  
L Poirel ◽  
E Rondinaud ◽  
P Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
North African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
North African Countries ◽  
Sequence Types

OXA-48 beta-lactamase producers are emerging as an important threat mostly in the Mediterranean area. We report here the molecular epidemiology of a collection of OXA-48 beta-lactamase-positive enterobacterial isolates (n=107) recovered from European and north-African countries between January 2001 and December 2011. This collection included 67 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 24 Escherichia coli and 10 Enterobacter cloacae. Using the EUCAST breakpoints, ninety-eight isolates (91.6%) were of intermediate susceptibility or resistant to ertapenem, whereas 66% remained susceptible to imipenem. Seventy-five per cent of the isolates co-produced an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, most frequently CTX-M-15 (77.5%). Susceptibility testing to non-beta-lactam antibiotics showed that colistin, tigecycline, amikacin, and fosfomycin remain active against most of the isolates. Multilocus sequence typing indicated that the most common sequence types (ST) were ST101 and ST38 for K. pneumoniae and E. coli, respectively. The blaOXA-48 gene was located on a 62 kb IncL/M plasmid in 92.5% of the isolates, indicating that a single plasmid was mainly responsible for the spread of that gene. In addition, this study identified multiple cases of importation of OXA-48 beta-lactamase producers at least in Europe, and spread of OXA-48 beta-lactamase producers giving rise to an endemic situation, at least in France.

Genetic analysis and pathogenicity of different sequence types of Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs in southern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Peng ◽  
Mengting Lin ◽  
Zishu Huang ◽  
Sitao Guo ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Genetic Typing ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT In this study, 52 Streptococcus suis isolates from pigs in southern China were divided into four known sequence types (STs) and six new STs, using multilocus sequence typing. Ten representative isolates were selected from 10 STs for the analysis of whole genome sequences. Virulence was assessed in 10 isolates, which were classified into three pathogenic groups. The prevalence of virulence-associated factors in the moderately pathogenic group was higher than that in the highly pathogenic group. The isolates from ST1 complex and serotype 2 were allocated to the moderately pathogenic group, while the isolates from the highly pathogenic group belonged to the non-ST1 complex and non-serotype 2. Three clusters were obtained based on multilocus sequence typing sequences: cluster III isolates from the nasal cavity of healthy pigs were classified into the highly pathogenic group and showed many peculiarities compared with cluster I and II isolates in virulence genotypes, genetic typing and pathogenesis, indicating a potential independent evolutionary line. Our results suggest that S. suis infections in China are becoming more complicated with constantly mutating isolates, which makes it difficult to distinguish their virulence by recognized typing methods. Thus, increased investigation and monitoring of these infections should be a priority for the swine industry in China.

scholarly journals ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in poultry in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kolar ◽  
J. Bardon ◽  
M. Chroma ◽  
K. Hricova ◽  
T. Stosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Composite Samples

A major reason for resistance of <I>Enterobacteriaceae</I> to beta-lactam antibiotics is production of ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamases. As their more detailed description in poultry is unavailable in the Czech Republic, the presented study aimed at assessing their occurrence and molecular characteristics. A total of 154 composite samples from broilers and 150 cloacal swabs from turkeys were examined. Production of ESBLs was detected in seven <I>Escherichia coli</I> isolates and AmpC enzymes in two <I>E. coli</I> isolates. The most frequent ESBL types were CTX-M-1 and SHV-12 and the most common AmpC enzymes were the CMY-2 types.

Czechs and Germans Sign Declaration of Reconciliation

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic

The Governments of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czech Republic Recalling the Treaty of 27 February 1992 on Good-neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic with which Germans and Czechs reached out to each other, Mindful of the long history of fruitful and peaceful, good-neighborly relations between Germans and Czechs during which a rich and continuing cultural heritage was created, Convinced that injustice inflicted in the past cannot be undone but at best alleviated, and that in doing so no new injustice must arise, Aware that the Federal Republic of Germany strongly supports the Czech Republic's accession to the European Union and the North Atlantic Alliance because it is convinced that this is in their common interest.

Factors associated with testing positive for syphilis among MSM who present as sexual contacts of syphilis from a clinic-based population

2021 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054878
Author(s):  
Daniel Richardson ◽  
Alice Pickering ◽  
Kayleigh Nichols ◽  
Zoe Buss ◽  
Daniel Trotman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partner Notification ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Clinical Records

ObjectivesThere has been a significant increase in syphilis in men who have sex with men (MSM) in the UK over the past 20 years. Partner notification strategies have increased the number of MSM attending STI clinics as sexual contacts of syphilis. Current guidelines suggest testing and consideration of presumptive antimicrobial treatment. Syphilis treatment with benzathine penicillin requires clinic resources, is painful and is associated with complications. It is important we consider strategies to rationalise presumptive antimicrobial use and promote antimicrobial stewardship.MethodsWe aimed to determine if there are any factors associated with having syphilis among MSM attending as sexual contacts of syphilis in a cross-sectional study. We examined the clinical records of MSM attending as sexual contacts of syphilis from January to December 2019.ResultsOf the 6613 MSM who attended for STI testing, 142 of 6613 (2.1%) presented as sexual contacts of syphilis. The median age was 40 years (IQR=31–51), 43 of 142 (30%) were HIV positive, 38 of 142 (27%) had been diagnosed and treated for syphilis in the past, and 11 of 142 (8%) presented with symptoms (possible lesions of primary or secondary syphilis). Thirteen (9%, 95% CI=4.4 to 13.9) tested positive for syphilis on the day of presentation. MSM who were symptomatic (genital ulcer or body rash), HIV positive or had a history of syphilis were significantly more likely to test positive for syphilis (OR=51.88, 95% CI: 3.01 to 893.14, p=0.007).ConclusionsWe have shown that in our clinic-based population of MSM who presented as sexual contacts of syphilis, the factors associated with testing positive for syphilis were: having HIV, having a history of syphilis or presenting with symptoms (possible lesions of primary or secondary syphilis). These factors could be used to rationalise antibiotic treatment among MSM presenting as sexual contacts of syphilis. Further research is needed to validate this finding in other populations of MSM and people affected by syphilis.

scholarly journals The Obotrites and the Lutici in contemporary Polish and Czech academic literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 462-474
Author(s):  
Pavel Krafl ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

The publication analyzes the most important monographs on the medieval history of the Obotrites and the Lutici, published in Poland and the Czech Republic during the first two decades of the 21st century. The academic interest to this topic over the past two decades has culminated with valuable results, the most significant of which are covered in this book review. Most contemporary specialists who are interested in the Obotrites and the Lutici are Polish medievalists. For the Czech historiography, the history of the Polabian Slavs is on the periphery of research interests.

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