scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Activities of Carica papaya L. Leaf Juice in a Non-Lethal, Symptomatic Dengue Mouse Model

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd Razak ◽  
Nor Azrina Norahmad ◽  
Nur Hana Md Jelas ◽  
Adlin Afzan ◽  
Norazlan Mohmad Misnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Intracellular Cytokines ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Leaf Juice

The role of Carica papaya L. leaf juice in immune dysregulation caused by dengue virus infection remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory activities of the freeze-dried C. papaya leaf juice (FCPLJ) on AG129 mice infected with a clinical DENV-2 (DMOF015) isolate. The infected AG129 mice were orally treated with 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day of FCPLJ, for three days. Platelet, leukocyte, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were microscopically determined. The level of plasma proinflammatory cytokines was measured by multiplex immunoassay. The levels of intracellular cytokines and viral RNA were determined by RT-qPCR technique. The results showed that the FCPLJ treatment increased the total white blood cell and neutrophil counts in the infected mice. The FCPLJ treatment decreased the level of GM-CSF, GRO-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1 beta in the plasma of the infected mice. The intracellular IL-6 and viral RNA levels in the liver of infected mice were decreased by the FCPLJ treatment. In conclusion, this study supports the potential immunomodulatory role of the FCPLJ in a non-lethal, symptomatic dengue mouse model. Further studies on the action mechanism of the C. papaya leaf juice and its possible use as adjunctive dengue immunotherapy are warranted.

scholarly journals Effect of freeze-dried Carica papaya leaf juice on inflammatory cytokines production during dengue virus infection in AG129 mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azrina Norahmad ◽  
Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd Razak ◽  
Norazlan Mohmad Misnan ◽  
Nur Hana Md Jelas ◽  
Umi Rubiah Sastu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Leaf Juice

Role of GM-CSF in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (1) ◽  
pp. F23-F29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxiao Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Qinggang Liu ◽  
Zonglong Wu ◽  
Jianfeng Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Prostate Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Mouse Prostate ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

The etiology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is still unknown. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to play an important role in the development of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we investigated the expression and function of GM-CSF in patients with CP/CPPS and in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP). GM-CSF mRNA levels were detected in expressed prostatic secretions samples from patients with CP/CPPS and in prostate tissue from a mouse model of EAP. The expression of GM-CSF receptor in mouse prostate and dorsal root ganglia were determined using PCR and immunohistochemistry. Behavioral testing and inflammation scoring were performed to evaluate the role of GM-CSF in disease development and symptom severity of EAP using GM-CSF knockout mice. mRNA levels of putative nociceptive and inflammatory markers were measured in the prostate after the induction of EAP. Elevated GM-CSF mRNA levels were observed in expressed prostatic secretions samples from patients with CP/CPPS compared with healthy volunteers. GM-CSF mRNA was also significantly increased in prostate tissue of the EAP mice model. The expression of GM-CSF receptors was confirmed in mouse prostate and dorsal root ganglia. GM-CSF knockout mice showed fewer Infiltrating leukocytes and pain symptoms after the induction of EAP. Deletion of GM-CSF significantly diminished EAP-induced increases of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, and nerve growth factor mRNA expression. The results indicated that GM-CSF plays a functional role in the pathogenesis of EAP. GM-CSF may function as a signaling mediator for both inflammation and pain transduction in CP/CPPS.

scholarly journals The Role of Heterotypic DENV-specific CD8 + T Lymphocytes in an Immunocompetent Mouse Model of Secondary Dengue Virus Infection

EBioMedicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 202-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura B. Talarico ◽  
Juan P. Batalle ◽  
Alana B. Byrne ◽  
Jorge M. Brahamian ◽  
Adrián Ferretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Immunocompetent Mouse ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

scholarly journals Zika virus infection during pregnancy and induced brain pathology in beclin1-deficient mouse model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Kumar Muthu Karuppan ◽  
Chet Raj Ojha ◽  
Myosotys Rodriguez ◽  
Jessica Lapierre ◽  
M. Javad Aman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neuronal Injury ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

ABSTRACTWe investigated the role of the autophagy protein, Beclin1, in the replication and disease of Zika virus (ZIKV) in pregnant dams and their offspring using Beclin1-deficient (Atg6+/−) and wild-type (Atg6+/+) mouse model infected with the Honduran (R103451), Puerto Rican (PRVABC59), and the Uganda (MR766) strains of ZIKV. Pregnant dams infected subcutaneously at embryonic stage (E)9 showed viral RNA in serum harvested at E13 and in various organs removed postmortem at E17. Subcutaneous infections with ZIKV also showed the vertical transmission of ZIKV from the placenta to embryos removed postmortem at E17. From the three isolates, R103451-infected Atg6+/− dams had the lowest mortality rate while 30 % of their offspring containing the hemizygous beclin1 allele (Atg6+/−) were smaller in size and had smaller and underdeveloped brain. Growth impairment in the pups became noticeable after two weeks post-birth. After 21-days, pups were sacrificed and brain tissues removed postmortem showed expression of the envelope (E) and the non-structural (NS)-1 proteins, along with signs of neuronal injury, despite an absence in viral RNA detection. A significant decrease in the mRNA expression levels of the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) by 8-fold and a decrease in the mRNA expression levels of several microcephaly related genes along with an increase in the secretion of several inflammatory molecules may have contributed to the observed phenotype. Since autophagy regulates cytokines and chemokines production, a dysregulation in this pathway may have further exacerbated the pathology of ZIKV.IMPORTANCEPups delivered from ZIKV-infected dams showed significant growth impairments in the body and the brain. We believe that the reduction in insulin growth factor together with the increase secretion of inflammatory molecules may have triggered neuronal injury and the downregulation of the microcephalic genes, while reduced expression of the autophagy protein, Beclin1 further exacerbated the pathology. Although the mechanism is still unknown, the autophagy pathway seems to play a key role in ZIKV pathology. It is therefore of great significance to study the role of autophagy during viral infection with the goal to identify potential targets for anti-ZIKV therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Protection from Secondary Dengue Virus Infection in a Mouse Model Reveals the Role of Serotype Cross-Reactive B and T Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Zompi ◽  
Brian H. Santich ◽  
P. Robert Beatty ◽  
Eva Harris
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection

scholarly journals The effect of freeze-dried Carica papaya leaf juice treatment on NS1 and viremia levels in dengue fever mice model

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Abd Razak ◽  
Norazlan Mohmad Misnan ◽  
Nur Hana Md Jelas ◽  
Nor Azrina Norahmad ◽  
Amirrudin Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Leaf Juice

The role of tachykinin 1 in a mouse model of trait anxiety

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Czibere ◽  
LA Baur-Jaronowski ◽  
P Weber ◽  
B Pütz ◽  
M Panhuysen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Trait Anxiety
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