scholarly journals Association of Bovine Leukemia Virus-Induced Lymphoma with BoLA-DRB3 Polymorphisms at DNA, Amino Acid, and Binding Pocket Property Levels

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Chieh-Wen Lo ◽  
Shin-nosuke Takeshima ◽  
Kosuke Okada ◽  
Etsuko Saitou ◽  
Tatsuo Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
The Relationship

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leucosis, a malignant B-cell lymphoma in cattle. The DNA sequence polymorphisms of bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 have exhibited a correlation with BLV-induced lymphoma in Holstein cows. However, the association may vary between different cattle breeds. Furthermore, little is known about the relationship between BLV-induced lymphoma and DRB3 at the amino acid and structural diversity levels. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the correlation between BLV-induced lymphoma and DRB3 at DNA, amino acid, and binding pocket property levels, using 106 BLV-infected asymptomatic and 227 BLV-induced lymphoma Japanese black cattle samples. DRB3*011:01 was identified as a resistance allele, whereas DRB3*005:02 and DRB3*016:01 were susceptibility alleles. Amino acid association studies showed that positions 9, 11, 13, 26, 30, 47, 57, 70, 71, 74, 78, and 86 were associated with lymphoma susceptibility. Structure and electrostatic charge modeling further indicated that binding pocket 9 of resistance DRB3 was positively charged. In contrast, alleles susceptible to lymphoma were neutrally charged. Altogether, this is the first association study of BoLA-DRB3 polymorphisms with BLV-induced lymphoma in Japanese black cattle. In addition, our results further contribute to understanding the mechanisms regarding how BoLA-DRB3 polymorphisms mediate susceptibility to BLV-induced lymphoma.

Identification of bovine leukocyte antigen class II haplotypes associated with variations in bovine leukemia virus proviral load in Japanese Black cattle

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Miyasaka ◽  
S.-n. Takeshima ◽  
M. Jimba ◽  
Y. Matsumoto ◽  
N. Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen

scholarly journals BoLA-DRB3 Polymorphism is Associated with Differential Susceptibility to Bovine Leukemia Virus-Induced Lymphoma and Proviral Load

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Wen Lo ◽  
Liushiqi Borjigin ◽  
Susumu Saito ◽  
Koya Fukunaga ◽  
Etsuko Saitou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Proviral Load ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Polymorphic Gene ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Enzootic Bovine Leucosis

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leucosis. However, less than 5% of BLV-infected cattle will develop lymphoma, suggesting that, in addition to viral infection, host genetic polymorphisms might play a role in disease susceptibility. Bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 is a highly polymorphic gene associated with BLV proviral load (PVL) susceptibility. Due to the fact that PVL is positively associated with disease progression, it is believed that controlling PVL can prevent lymphoma development. Thus, many studies have focused on the relationship between PVL and BoLA-DRB3. Despite this, there is little information regarding the relationship between lymphoma and BoLA-DRB3. Furthermore, whether or not PVL-associated BoLA-DRB3 is linked to lymphoma-associated BoLA-DRB3 has not been clarified. Here, we investigated whether or not lymphoma-associated BoLA-DRB3 is correlated with PVL-associated BoLA-DRB3. We demonstrate that two BoLA-DRB3 alleles were specifically associated with lymphoma resistance (*010:01 and *011:01), but no lymphoma-specific susceptibility alleles were found; furthermore, two other alleles, *002:01 and *012:01, were associated with PVL resistance and susceptibility, respectively. In contrast, lymphoma and PVL shared two resistance-associated (DRB3*014:01:01 and *009:02) BoLA-DRB3 alleles. Interestingly, we found that PVL associated alleles, but not lymphoma associated alleles, are related with the anti-BLV gp51 antibody production level in cows. Overall, our study is the first to demonstrate that the BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism confers differential susceptibility to BLV-induced lymphoma and PVL.

Antigenic variants of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) are defined by amino acid substitutions in the NH2 part of the envelope glycoprotein gp51

Virology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Portetelle ◽  
Dominique Couez ◽  
Claudine Bruck ◽  
Richard Kettmann ◽  
Marc Mammerickx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions

Lack of association between amino acid sequences of the bovine leukemia virus envelope and varying stages of infection in dairy cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 197866
Author(s):  
Fernando Cerón Téllez ◽  
Ana Silvia González Méndez ◽  
Jorge Luis Tórtora Pérez ◽  
Elizabeth Loza-Rubio ◽  
Hugo Ramírez Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Virus Envelope

scholarly journals Bovine leukemia virus protease: comparison with human T-lymphotropic virus and human immunodeficiency virus proteases

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 2052-2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Sperka ◽  
Gabriella Miklóssy ◽  
Yunfeng Tie ◽  
Péter Bagossi ◽  
Gábor Zahuczky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a valuable model system for understanding human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1); the availability of an infectious BLV clone, together with animal-model systems, will help to explore anti-HTLV-1 strategies. Nevertheless, the specificity and inhibitor sensitivity of the BLV protease (PR) have not been characterized in detail. To facilitate such studies, a molecular model for the enzyme was built. The specificity of the BLV PR was studied with a set of oligopeptides representing naturally occurring cleavage sites in various retroviruses. Unlike HTLV-1 PR, but similar to the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) enzyme, BLV PR was able to hydrolyse the majority of the peptides, mostly at the same position as did their respective host PRs, indicating a broad specificity. When amino acid residues of the BLV PR substrate-binding sites were replaced by equivalent ones of the HIV-1 PR, many substitutions resulted in inactive protein, indicating a great sensitivity to mutations, as observed previously for the HTLV-1 PR. The specificity of the enzyme was studied further by using a series of peptides containing amino acid substitutions in a sequence representing a naturally occurring HTLV-1 PR cleavage site. Also, inhibitors of HIV-1 PR, HTLV-1 PR and other retroviral proteases were tested on the BLV PR. Interestingly, the BLV PR was more susceptible than the HTLV-1 PR to the inhibitors tested. Therefore, despite the specificity differences, in terms of mutation intolerance and inhibitor susceptibility of the PR, BLV and the corresponding animal-model systems may provide good models for testing of PR inhibitors that target HTLV-1.

scholarly journals Immune Status of Japanese Black Cattle in Clinical Cases of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
Tomohiro IZAWA ◽  
Ken-ichiro TANAKA ◽  
Sei-ichi KAKINUMA ◽  
Yuka SUGIYAMA ◽  
Kei-ichi MATSUDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Clinical Cases

scholarly journals Additive and epistatic effects influence spectral tuning in molluscan retinochrome opsin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Dalton Smedley ◽  
Kyle E McElroy ◽  
Jeanne M Serb
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Spectral Tuning ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Absorbance Peak ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between genotype and phenotype is nontrivial due to often complex molecular pathways that make it difficult to unambiguously relate phenotypes to specific genotypes. Photopigments, an opsin apoprotein bound to a light-absorbing chromophore, present an opportunity to directly relate the amino acid sequence to an absorbance peak phenotype (λmax). We examined this relationship by conducting a series of site-directed mutagenesis experiments of retinochrome, a non-visual opsin, from two closely related species: the common bay scallop, Argopecten irradians, and the king scallop, Pecten maximus. Using protein folding models, we identified three amino acid sites of likely functional importance and expressed mutated retinochrome proteins in vitro. Our results show that the mutation of amino acids lining the opsin binding pocket are responsible for fine spectral tuning, or small changes in the λmax of these light sensitive proteins. Most mutations caused a blue shift regardless of the retinochrome background, with shifts ranging from a 12 nm blue shift to a 5 nm red shift from the wild-type λmax. These mutations do not show an additive effect, but rather suggests the presence of epistatic interactions. This work highlights the importance of binding pocket shape in the evolution of spectral tuning and builds on our ability to relate genotypic changes to phenotypes in an emerging model for opsin functional analysis.

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