scholarly journals Comparison of UV, Peracetic Acid and Sodium Hypochlorite Treatment in the Disinfection of Urban Wastewater

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Silvia Bonetta ◽  
Cristina Pignata ◽  
Sara Bonetta ◽  
Giulia Amagliani ◽  
Giorgio Brandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Stx1 Gene

One source of water contamination is the release of wastewater that has not undergone efficient treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction obtained with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), UV and peracetic acid disinfection treatment of Salmonella spp., pathogenic Campylobacter, STEC and bacterial indicators in three full-scale municipal wastewater plants. A general reduction in Salmonella was observed after disinfection, but these bacteria were detected in one UV-treated sample (culture method) and in 33%, 50% and 17% of samples collected after NaClO, UV and PAA disinfection treatments, respectively (PCR method). A better reduction was also observed under NaClO disinfection for the microbial indicators. Independent of the disinfection treatment, E. coli O157:H7 was not detected in the disinfected samples, whereas some samples treated with UV and PAA showed the presence of the stx1 gene. No reduction in the presence of stx2 genes was verified for any of the disinfection treatments. Campylobacter was not detected in any of the analysed samples. The overall results highlight a better reduction in microbiological parameters with a NaClO disinfection treatment in a full-scale municipal wastewater plant compared with UV and PAA. However, the results indicate that a complete and specific monitoring program is necessary to prevent a possible risk to public health.

Effluent disinfection in warm climates with peracetic acid

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. C. Baldry ◽  
A. Cavadore ◽  
M. S. French ◽  
G. Massa ◽  
L. M. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Significant Element ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Temperate Climates ◽  
Warm Climates

Laboratory experiments and full-scale trials in Brazil and Italy are reported that show that peracetic acid is a good disinfectant (better than sodium hypochlorite) of sewage in tropical and warm temperate climates. Its demonstrated effectiveness against V. cholerae suggests it should be a significant element in cholera control efforts.

Joint Treatment of Industrial and Municipal Wastewater – Case Project: City of Kotka, Finland

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Pentti Väänänen ◽  
Pekka Pouttu ◽  
Timo Kulmala
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
National Board ◽  
The City ◽  
Joint Treatment

The National Board of Waters in Finland has proposed a study on the joint treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters of the City of Kotka. This study is of great interest due to the large forest products industry and food industry in Kotka. All of the wastewaters from the forest products and the food industry and the municipal sewage have been found to be suitable for biological treatment, which makes the joint treatment applicable. An activated sludge process is selected because it takes advantage of the large amount of nutrients in the municipal sewage and it has proved to be the most efficient treatment method for forest industry wastewaters. However, municipal wastewater contains more nutrients than needed for the biological process, which can cause eutrophication problems in the watercourse. To reduce the pollution caused by the nutrients, chemical treatment of the wastewater is also proposed in the joint treatment. It was concluded that the joint treatment of wastewater is economically, technically and environmentally the best way to arrange wastewater treatment for the industry and the city.

Antimicrobial activity of Chlorhexidine, Peracetic acid and Sodium hypochlorite/etidronate irrigant solutions againstEnterococcus faecalisbiofilms

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1188-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Arias-Moliz ◽  
R. Ordinola-Zapata ◽  
P. Baca ◽  
M. Ruiz-Linares ◽  
E. García García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Peracetic Acid

First Proof of Concept for Full-Scale, Direct, Low-Temperature Anaerobic Treatment of Municipal Wastewater

2021 ◽  
pp. 125786
Author(s):  
Anna Christine Trego ◽  
B. Conall Holohan ◽  
Ciara Keating ◽  
Alison Graham ◽  
Sandra O'Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Proof Of Concept

Leakage of Endotoxins through the Endotoxin Retentive Filter: An in vitro Study

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Nozaki ◽  
Yoshihiro Tange ◽  
Yoji Inada ◽  
Takashi Uchino ◽  
Nakanobu Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Membrane Pores ◽  
Polyether Sulfone ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
High Concentrations

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Ultrapurification of dialysis fluid has enabled highly efficient dialysis treatments. Online hemodiafiltration is one such treatment that uses a purified dialysis fluid as a supplemental fluid. In this method, an endotoxin retentive filter (ETRF) is used in the final step of dialysis fluid purification, with the aim of preventing leakage of endotoxins. Sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid are used as disinfecting agents for the dialysis fluid pipes containing the ETRF; however, the effects of these agents on ETRF membrane pores have not been fully clarified. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Water permeability (flux) and endotoxin permeability were assessed in 3 types of ETRFs made with different membrane materials: polyester polymer alloy (PEPA), polyether sulfone (PES), and polysulfone (PS). High-concentration sodium hypochlorite and 2 types of peracetic acid were used as disinfecting agents, and the changes in flux and the endotoxin sieving coefficient (SC) were measured. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After repeated use of high concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid, the PEPA and PES ETRFs did not permit passage of endotoxins, regardless of their flux. However, in the PS ETRF, the flux and endotoxin SC increased with the number of cleaning cycles. No differences were observed according to the concentration of peracetic acid disinfecting agents. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> PEPA and PES ETRFs completely prevent endotoxin leakage and can be disinfected at concentrations higher than the conventionally recommended concentration without affecting pore expansion. Even new PS ETRFs have low levels of endotoxin leakage, which increase after disinfection cycles using sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid.

Comparative Evaluation of the Sterilization Effect of Six Kinds of Commercial Disinfectants against Four Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxia Wang ◽  
Xiaoting Liang ◽  
Junxia Zheng ◽  
Qi He
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Absolute Ethanol ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Clostridium Sporogenes ◽  
Sterilization Effect

Abstract In this work, we systematically investigate the sterilization effect of six kinds of commonly used commercial disinfectants, including the DuPont Virkon disinfectant, peracetic acid disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite, bromogeramine disinfectant, water-soluble allicin, and absolute ethanol, against the Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Monilia albican and Clostridium sporogenes. The inhibition zone was used to qualitatively determine the antibacterial effects of the six disinfectants, and then the minimum two-fold dilution method was used to quantitatively determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the six disinfectants on the four pathogens. The result illustrated that the antibacterial effect of peracetic acid disinfectant is the best, and clostridium sporogenes is the most sensitive to it, followed by bromogermine disinfectant, which can inhibit the four pathogenic bacteria at the concentration recommended by the manufacturer. The antibacterial effect of DuPont Virkon disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite, water-soluble allicin and absolute ethanol is not as good as expected, and cannot inhibit the four kinds of pathogenic bacteria at the recommended concentration. In summary, the antibacterial effect of peracetic acid disinfectant is the strongest, followed by the bromogermine disinfectant, DuPont Virkon disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite and water-soluble allicin. The absolute ethanol exhibits the worst antibacterial properties.

Occurrence and die-off of indicator organisms in the sediment in two constructed wetlands

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Stentström ◽  
A. Carlander
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Factors Affecting

The interest in constructed wetlands for municipal wastewater and stormwater treatment has recently increased but data for the reduction efficiency of indicator organisms are often restricted to the water phase. In a full-scale wastewater wetland in Sweden fecal coliforms and enterococci were reduced by 97-99.9% and coliphages by approximately 70%. The factors affecting the reduction are however less well understood. In two full-scale wetlands, for stormwater and wastewater treatment, an assessment has been done of the particle associated fraction of indicator organisms. No significant differences in the particle-associated numbers were seen between the inlet and the outlet of the wetlands, but the amounts of sedimenting particles varied between the two sites. In the stormwater wetland the amount of sedimenting particles at the outlet was 3% of the amount at the inlet, while the wastewater wetland had much lower particle removal efficiency. The reduction of suspended particles seems to be the main factor for bacterial elimination from the water phase, governed by vegetation and design. In the sediment, survival of presumptive E.coli, fecal enterococci, Clostridium and coliphages were long with T90-values of 27, 27, 252 and 370 days, respectively. The organisms can however be reintroduced by resuspension. Viruses in the water phase may be of main concern for a risk assessment of receiving waters.

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