scholarly journals Biochemical Profiles of In Vivo Oral Mucosa by Using a Portable Raman Spectroscopy System

Optics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-147
Author(s):  
Marcelo Saito Nogueira ◽  
Victoria Ribeiro ◽  
Marianna Pires ◽  
Felipe Peralta ◽  
Luis Felipe das Chagas e Silva de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
The Difference

Most oral injuries are diagnosed by histopathological analysis of invasive and time-consuming biopsies. This analysis and conventional clinical observation cannot identify biochemically altered tissues predisposed to malignancy if no microstructural changes are detectable. With this in mind, detailed biochemical characterization of normal tissues and their differentiation features on healthy individuals is important in order to recognize biomolecular changes associated with early tissue predisposition to malignant transformation. Raman spectroscopy is a label-free method for characterization of tissue structure and specific composition. In this study, we used Raman spectroscopy to characterize the biochemistry of in vivo oral tissues of healthy individuals. We investigated this biochemistry based on the vibrational modes related to Raman spectra of four oral subsites (buccal, gingiva, lip and tongue) of ten volunteers as well as with principal component (PC) loadings for the difference between the four types of oral subsites. Therefore, we determined the biochemical characteristics of each type of healthy oral subsite and those corresponding to differentiation of the four types of subsites. In addition, we developed a spectral reference of oral healthy tissues of individuals in the Brazilian population for future diagnosis of early pathological conditions using real-time, noninvasive and label-free techniques such as Raman spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy for Analysis of Connective Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
William Querido ◽  
Shital Kandel ◽  
Nancy Pleshko
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Composition And Structure

Advances in vibrational spectroscopy have propelled new insights into the molecular composition and structure of biological tissues. In this review, we discuss common modalities and techniques of vibrational spectroscopy, and present key examples to illustrate how they have been applied to enrich the assessment of connective tissues. In particular, we focus on applications of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), near infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy to assess cartilage and bone properties. We present strengths and limitations of each approach and discuss how the combination of spectrometers with microscopes (hyperspectral imaging) and fiber optic probes have greatly advanced their biomedical applications. We show how these modalities may be used to evaluate virtually any type of sample (ex vivo, in situ or in vivo) and how “spectral fingerprints” can be interpreted to quantify outcomes related to tissue composition and quality. We highlight the unparalleled advantage of vibrational spectroscopy as a label-free and often nondestructive approach to assess properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) associated with normal, developing, aging, pathological and treated tissues. We believe this review will assist readers not only in better understanding applications of FTIR, NIR and Raman spectroscopy, but also in implementing these approaches for their own research projects.

scholarly journals Global metabolomic and lipidomic analysis reveals the potential mechanisms of hemolysis effect of Ophiopogonin D and Ophiopogonin D' in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Hua Xu ◽  
Zhen-Hong Jiang ◽  
Cong-Shu Huang ◽  
Yu-Ting Sun ◽  
Long-Long Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Active Components ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background OPD and OPD' are the two main active components of Ophiopogon japonicas in Shenmai injection (SMI). Being isomers of each other, they are supposed to have similar pharmacological activities, but the actual situation is complicated. The difference of hemolytic behavior between OPD and OPD' in vivo and in vitro was discovered and reported by our group for the first time. In vitro, only OPD' showed hemolysis reaction, while in vivo, both OPD and OPD' caused hemolysis. In vitro, the primary cause of hemolysis has been confirmed to be related to the difference between physical and chemical properties of OPD and OPD'. In vivo, although there is a possible explanation for this phenomenon, the one is that OPD is bio-transformed into OPD' or its analogues in vivo, the other one is that both OPD and OPD' were metabolized into more activated forms for hemolysis. However, the mechanism of hemolysis in vivo is still unclear, especially the existing literature are still difficult to explain why OPD shows the inconsistent hemolysis behavior in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the study of hemolysis of OPD and OPD' in vivo is of great practical significance in response to the increase of adverse events of SMI. Methods Aiming at the hemolysis in vivo, this manuscript adopted untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics technology to preliminarily explore the changes of plasma metabolites and lipids of OPD- and OPD'-treated rats. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system tandem with different mass spectrometers (MS) and different columns respectively. Multivariate statistical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to screen the differential metabolites and lipids. Results Both OPD and OPD' groups experienced hemolysis, Changes in endogenous differential metabolites and differential lipids, enrichment of differential metabolic pathways, and correlation analysis of differential metabolites and lipids all indicated that the causes of hemolysis by OPD and OPD' were closely related to the interference of phospholipid metabolism. Conclusions This study provided a comprehensive description of metabolomics and lipidomics changes between OPD- and OPD'-treated rats, it would add to the knowledge base of the field, which also provided scientific guidance for the subsequent mechanism research. However, the underlying mechanism require further research.

Biochemical characterization of Yin Yang 1 – RNA complexes

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachery R. Belak ◽  
Andrew Ficzycz ◽  
Nick Ovsenek
Keyword(s):  
Rna Binding ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Ribonucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Yin Yang 1 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yin Yang ◽  
Rna Interaction ◽  
Rna Complexes

YY1 (Yin Yang 1) is present in the Xenopus oocyte cytoplasm as a constituent of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes (mRNPs). Association of YY1 with mRNPs requires direct RNA-binding activity. Previously, we have shown YY1 has a high affinity for U-rich RNA; however, potential interactions with plausible in vivo targets have not been investigated. Here we report a biochemical characterization of the YY1–RNA interaction including an investigation of the stability, potential 5′-methylguanosine affinity, and specificity for target RNAs. The formation of YY1–RNA complexes in vitro was highly resistant to thermal, ionic, and detergent disruption. The endogenous oocyte YY1–mRNA interactions were also found to be highly stable. Specific YY1–RNA interactions were observed with selected mRNA and 5S RNA probes. The affinity of YY1 for these substrates was within an order of magnitude of that for its cognate DNA element. Experiments aimed at determining the potential role of the 7-methylguanosine cap on RNA-binding reveal no significant difference in the affinity of YY1 for capped or uncapped mRNA. Taken together, the results show that the YY1–RNA interaction is highly stable, and that YY1 possesses the ability to interact with structurally divergent RNA substrates. These data are the first to specifically document the interaction between YY1 and potential in vivo targets.

scholarly journals Label-Free Prostate Cancer Detection by Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles Using Raman Spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (19) ◽  
pp. 11290-11296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wooje Lee ◽  
Afroditi Nanou ◽  
Linda Rikkert ◽  
Frank A. W. Coumans ◽  
Cees Otto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Prostate Cancer Detection

scholarly journals Morphological and Biochemical Characterization of Macrophages Activated by Carrageenan and Lipopolysaccharide In Vivo

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Pereira Nacife ◽  
Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro ◽  
Rachel Novaes Gomes ◽  
Heloísa D’Avila ◽  
Hugo Caire Castro-Faria Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization

scholarly journals Functional characterization of human Kindlin-2 core promoter identifies a key role of SP1 in Kindlin-2 transcriptional regulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammad Khan ◽  
Takashi Shimokawa ◽  
Staffan Strömblad ◽  
Hongquan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Ph Domain ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Functional Aspects

AbstractKindlin-2 is a recently identified FERM and PH domain containing integrin interacting protein. Kindlin-2 is ubiquitously expressed in normal tissues. So far, much effort has been spent exploring the functional aspects of Kindlin-2. However, the transcriptional regulation of Kindlin-2 has not yet been investigated. In this study we identified and functionally characterized the promoter of the human Kindlin-2 gene. We show that the core promoter of Kindlin-2 is a 39 base pair long GC rich fragment located −122/-83 upstream of the Kindlin-2 transcription start site. Functional characterization of this core promoter region by both in silico as well as in vitro/in vivo analysis shows that the transcription factor SP1 plays an important role in regulation of Kindlin-2 expression.

Biochemical characterization of bona fide polycystin-1 in vitro and in vivo

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1421-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Boletta ◽  
Feng Qian ◽  
Luiz F. Onuchic ◽  
Alessandra Bragonzi ◽  
Marina Cortese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bona Fide

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of Traditional Varieties of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) of the Campania Region, Southern Italy

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florinda Fratianni ◽  
Antonio d’Acierno ◽  
Autilia Cozzolino ◽  
Patrizia Spigno ◽  
Riccardo Riccardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Polyphenol Profile ◽  
Red Variety ◽  
Β Carotene

Bioactive compounds of different Campania native sweet pepper varieties were evaluated. Polyphenols ranged between 1.37 mmol g−1 and 3.42 mmol g−1, β-carotene was abundant in the red variety “Cazzone” (7.05 μg g−1). Yellow and red varieties showed a content of ascorbic acid not inferior to 0.82 mg g−1, while in some green varieties the presence of ascorbic acid was almost inconsistent. Interrelationships between the parameters analyzed and the varieties showed that ascorbic acid could represent the factor mostly influencing the antioxidant activity. Polyphenol profile was different among the varieties, with a general prevalence of acidic phenols in yellow varieties and of flavonoids in red varieties. Principal Component Analysis, applied to ascorbic acid, total polyphenols and β-carotene, revealed that two of the green varieties (“Friariello napoletano” and “Friariello Sigaretta”) were well clustered and that the yellow variety “Corno di capra” showed similarity with the green varieties, in particular with “Friariello Nocerese”. This was confirmed by the interrelationships applied to polyphenol composition, which let us to light on a clustering of several red and yellow varieties, and that mainly the yellow ”Corno di capra” was closer to the green varieties of “Friariello”.

scholarly journals Clinical characterization of in vivo inflammatory bowel disease with Raman spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac J. Pence ◽  
Dawn B. Beaulieu ◽  
Sara N. Horst ◽  
Xiaohong Bi ◽  
Alan J. Herline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel
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