scholarly journals Recruitment, Retention and Compliance of Overweight Inactive Adults with Intermediate Hyperglycaemia to a Novel Walking Intervention

Obesities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
Maria Faulkner ◽  
Andrea McNeilly ◽  
Gareth Davison ◽  
David Rowe ◽  
Allan Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Walking Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Advice ◽  
University Population

This study evaluated the effectiveness of strategies used to recruit and retain overweight, inactive adults with intermediate hyperglycaemia (IHG) to a novel walking programme. Participant compliance to the nine-month randomised controlled trial (RCT) is also presented. Inactive overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) adults (N = 42; n = 19 male, n = 23 female) aged between 18–65 years, with IHG were identified via three recruitment strategies (NHS database reviews, diabetic clinics, and a University population). Participants were randomly assigned to either Intervention Group (IG n = 22; n = 11 male, n = 11 female) or Usual Care (UC n = 20; n = 8 male, n = 12 female). IG followed a nine-month novel behaviour change intervention where they walked in accordance with physical activity guidelines using the beat of music to maintain appropriate cadence. UC received standard physical activity advice. Recruitment, retention, and intervention compliance were calculated using descriptive statistics (means or frequencies). Recruiting from a University population was the most successful strategy (64.2% response rate) followed by NHS database reviews (35.8%) and then diabetic clinics (0%). Study retention was ≥80% in both groups throughout the RCT. Intervention compliance was highest from baseline to four months (70.1 ± 39.2%) and decreased as the study progressed (43.4 ± 56.1% at four to six months and 37.5 ± 43.5% at follow-up). In total, 71.4% of IG walking completed throughout the study was at least moderate intensity. A novel walking intervention incorporating the use of music along with behaviour change techniques appears to positively influence the recruitment, retention, and walking compliance of this population.

scholarly journals Moderate Exercise Improves Cognitive Function in Healthy Elderly People: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Mauro Giovanni Carta ◽  
Giulia Cossu ◽  
Elisa Pintus ◽  
Rosanna Zaccheddu ◽  
Omar Callia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Active Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Short Period

Background: Physical activity in the elderly is recommended by international guidelines to protect against cognitive decline and functional impairment. Objective: This Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was set up to verify whether medium-intensity physical activity in elderly people living in the community is effective in improving cognitive performance. Design: RCT with parallel and balanced large groups. Setting: Academic university hospital and Olympic gyms. Subjects: People aged 65 years old and older of both genders living at home holding a medical certificate for suitability in non-competitive physical activity. Methods: Participants were randomized to a 12-week, 3 sessions per week moderate physical activity program or to a control condition focused on cultural and recreational activities in groups of the same size and timing as the active intervention group. The active phase integrated a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic exercises, including drills of “life movements”, strength and balance. The primary outcome was: any change in Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) and its subscales. Results: At the end of the trial, 52 people completed the active intervention, and 53 people completed the control condition. People in the active intervention improved on the ACE-R (ANOVA: F(1;102)=4.32, p=0.040), and also showed better performances on the memory (F(1;102)=5.40 p=0.022) and visual-space skills subscales of the ACE-R (F(1;102)=4.09 p=0.046). Conclusion: A moderate-intensity exercise administered for a relatively short period of 12 weeks is capable of improving cognitive performance in a sample of elderly people who live independently in their homes. Clinical Trials Registration No: NCT03858114

scholarly journals The Norwegian Healthy Life Centre Study: A pragmatic RCT of physical activity in primary care

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gro Beate Samdal ◽  
Eivind Meland ◽  
Geir Egil Eide ◽  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
Eirik Abildsnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Individual Level

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of behaviour change interventions at Norwegian Healthy Life Centres (HLCs) on participants’ moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) six months after baseline. We also explore predictors of change in MVPA, and if level of education and MVPA at baseline modify the effect. Methods: A randomised controlled trial with inclusion criteria age ⩾ 18 years and ability to participate in group-based physical activity. Participants were randomised to either behaviour change interventions or a waiting list (control). Objective recordings of physical activity were the main outcome, analysed with simple and multiple linear regression. Results: We recruited 118 participants from six HLCs. Participants with mental, musculoskeletal, or chronic somatic disease were more likely to drop out. We revealed no differences in MVPA or sedentary time between the groups. Types of motivation or several characteristics of disadvantage at baseline could not explain changes in MVPA. Across both groups, 83% achieved the recommended 150 minutes of MVPA per week, and participants with a lower level of education were less likely to improve. Participants in the intervention group who were least active at baseline significantly increased their MVPA. Conclusions: The study revealed that the intervention had no short-term effect on time spent on MVPA or sedentary. This study does not support a strong emphasis on behaviour change on an individual level as a way of targeting general health and risk reduction at a population level. Although less active people benefitted more from the HLC intervention, the intervention was unable to counteract widening of inequity across educational groups.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Singaporean Community-Based Physical Activity and Nutrition Intervention: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 101053952097731
Author(s):  
Elaine Yee-Sing Wong ◽  
Anthony P. James ◽  
Andy H. Lee ◽  
Jonine Jancey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Motivational Support

This study examined the effectiveness of a 6-month intervention to improve the health behaviors and outcomes among women aged 50 years and older. A sample of 580 (intervention n = 295; control n = 285) women was recruited from 26 recreational centers. Only the intervention group participated in the Singapore Physical Activity (PA) and Nutrition Study (SPANS), received health resources (calendar, recipe, and booklets) and motivational support from program ambassadors. The intervention group showed significant improvements in moderate-intensity PA, vigorous-intensity PA, and total PA ( P < .001), increased intake frequency of fruit and vegetables ( P = .049), a reduction in salt and sugary beverage intake ( P ≤ .042), and reductions in systolic blood pressure (BP; −3.68 mm Hg), diastolic BP (−3.54 mm Hg), and percentage body fat (−2.13%; P ≤ .020) when compared with the control group. The SPANS appeared to be efficacious in improving PA and dietary behaviors, reducing BP and percentage body fat among Singaporean women.

scholarly journals Moving from intention to behaviour: a randomised controlled trial protocol for an app-based physical activity intervention (i2be)

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e053711
Author(s):  
Lili L Kókai ◽  
Diarmaid T Ó Ceallaigh ◽  
Anne I Wijtzes ◽  
Jeanine E Roeters van Lennep ◽  
Martin S Hagger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Automatic Processes ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionEfficacy tests of physical activity interventions indicate that many have limited or short-term efficacy, principally because they do not sufficiently build on theory-based processes that determine behaviour. The current study aims to address this limitation.Methods and analysisThe efficacy of the 8-week intervention will be tested using a three-condition randomised controlled trial delivered through an app, in women with a prior hypertensive pregnancy disorder. The intervention is based on the integrated behaviour change model, which outlines the motivational, volitional and automatic processes that lead to physical activity. The mechanisms by which the behaviour change techniques lead to physical activity will be tested.Following stratification on baseline factors, participants will be randomly allocated in-app to one of three conditions (1:1:1). The information condition will receive information, replicating usual care. Additionally to what the information condition receives, the motivation condition will receive content targeting motivational processes. Additionally to what the motivation condition receives, the action condition will receive content targeting volitional and automatic processes.The primary outcome is weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, as measured by an activity tracker (Fitbit Inspire 2). Secondary outcomes include weekly average of Fitbit-measured daily resting heart rate, and self-reported body mass index, waist-hip ratio, cardiorespiratory fitness and subjective well-being. Tertiary outcomes include self-reported variables representing motivational, volitional, and automatic processes. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 3 and 12 months post-intervention. Physical activity will also be investigated at intervention midpoint. Efficacy will be determined by available case analysis. A process evaluation will be performed based on programme fidelity and acceptability measures.Ethics and disseminationThe Medical Ethics Committee of the Erasmus MC has approved this study (MEC-2020-0981). Results will be published in peer reviewed scientific journals and presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNetherlands trial register, NL9329.

scholarly journals Fidelity of primary care nurses’ delivery of a behaviour change intervention to enhance physical activity in chronic patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen Westland ◽  
Jaap CA Trappenburg ◽  
Marieke J Schuurmans ◽  
Michelle Zonneveld ◽  
Carin D Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Quality Of Delivery

Abstract Background The effectiveness of a nurse-led intervention to enhance physical activity, the Activate intervention, was evaluated in primary care patients at risk for cardiovascular diseases in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (n = 195 patients, 31 general practices). To contribute to an accurate interpretation of the trial results, understanding of how the intervention works and enabling reproducibility, this study aimed to evaluate the fidelity of delivery of the Activate intervention by assessing: 1. self-reported fidelity of delivery; 2. observed fidelity of delivery; 3. quality of nurses’ delivery of the Activate intervention and 4. nurses’ beliefs about their capability, motivation, confidence and effectiveness towards delivering the Activate intervention, including behaviour change techniques. Methods An observational study was conducted. Nurses’ self-reported fidelity was evaluated using checklists (n = 279), and the observed fidelity and quality of delivery were examined using audio-recordings of intervention consultations (n = 44). Nurses’ beliefs towards delivering the intervention were assessed using questionnaires (n = 72). Results The self-reported fidelity was 87.6% and observed fidelity was 85.6%, representing high fidelity. The observed fidelity of applied behaviour change techniques was moderate (76.8%). The observed quality of delivery was sufficient and varied among nurses (mean 2.9; SD 4.4; range 0–4). Nurses’ beliefs about their capability, motivation, confidence and effectiveness towards delivering the intervention increased during the trial. Conclusions Nurses delivered most intervention components as intended with sufficient quality. Nurses believed they were capable, motivated and confident to deliver the intervention. They believed the intervention was effective to increase patients’ physical activity level. Despite the high fidelity and moderate fidelity of applied behaviour change techniques, the varying quality of delivery within and across nurses might have diluted the effectiveness of the Activate intervention. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02725203 registered 31 March, 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02725203.

scholarly journals Safety, feasibility, acceptability and effects of a behaviour-change intervention to change physical activity behaviour among people with multiple sclerosis: Results from the iStep-MS randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 1907-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Ryan ◽  
Jennifer Fortune ◽  
Andrea Stennett ◽  
Cherry Kilbride ◽  
Grace Lavelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Behaviour Change Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: There is limited information regarding the safety, feasibility and acceptability of behaviour-change interventions to increase physical activity (PA) and reduce sedentary behaviour among people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Prior to evaluating efficacy, it is important to identify problems with feasibility and acceptability, which may undermine effectiveness. Objective: To examine the safety, feasibility and acceptability of a behaviour-change intervention to increase PA and reduce sedentary behaviour among people with MS. Methods: Sixty people received a 3-month intervention or usual care. Fatigue, pain and adverse events (AEs) were assessed. Feasibility and acceptability were explored through focus groups with physiotherapists and interviews with participants. Fidelity to intervention content, delivery skills, programme receipt and programme task were assessed. Results: There was no difference in AE rate between groups ( p = 0.965). Fatigue and pain were not higher in the intervention group at 3 or 9 months. Therapists reported the intervention was feasible to deliver and fidelity was acceptable. Twenty-nine participants (97%) attended at least 75% of sessions. Participants found the intervention acceptable but suggested some amendments were required to intervention components. Conclusions: The intervention was safe, feasible and acceptable. Although modifications are required to intervention components, the intervention warrants further evaluation in a future trial.

Increasing physical activity by four legs rather than two: systematic review of dog-facilitated physical activity interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (20) ◽  
pp. 1202-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan E Rhodes ◽  
Maria Baranova ◽  
Hayley Christian ◽  
Carri Westgarth
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Dog Owners

ObjectivesRegular walking is a critical target of physical activity (PA) promotion, and dog walking is a feasible PA intervention for a large segment of the population. The purpose of this paper was to review PA interventions that have involved canine interactions and to evaluate their effectiveness. A secondary aim of this review was to highlight the populations, settings, designs and intervention components that have been applied so as to inform future research.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesWe carried out literature searches to August 2019 using six common databases.Eligibility criteriaStudies included published papers in peer-reviewed journals and grey literature (theses and dissertations) in the English language that included any PA behaviour change design (ie, randomised controlled trial, quasi-experimental) that focused on canine-related intervention. We grouped findings by population, setting, medium, research design and quality, theory and behaviour change techniques applied.ResultsThe initial search yielded 25 010 publications which were reduced to 13 independent studies of medium and high risks of bias after screening for eligibility criteria. The approaches to intervene on PA were varied and included loaner dogs, new dog owners and the promotion of walking among established dog owners. Findings were consistent in showing that canine-assisted interventions do increase PA (82% of the studies had changes favouring the canine-facilitated intervention). Exploratory subanalyses showed that specific study characteristics and methods may have moderated the effects. Compared with studies with longer follow-up periods, studies with shorter follow-up favoured behaviour changes of the canine intervention over the control condition.ConclusionCanine-based PA interventions appear effective, but future research should move beyond feasibility and proof of concept studies to increase rigour, quality and generalisability of findings.

scholarly journals Influence of physical activity on periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A blinded, randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wernicke ◽  
J. Grischke ◽  
M. Stiesch ◽  
S. Zeissler ◽  
K. Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objectives The aim was to investigate the effect of physical activity on periodontal health and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over a period of 6 months. Materials and methods Thirty-seven patients with non-insulin-dependent T2DM were included in the study. The intervention group (n=20) performed physical activity over a period of 6 months. The control group (n=17) did not receive any intervention. Baseline and final examinations included dental parameters and concentrations of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Results Physical activity showed a positive effect on periodontal health. Both the BOP (p= 0.005) and the severity of periodontitis (p= 0.001) were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Furthermore, HbA1c levels were reduced (p= 0.010) significantly in the intervention group while hsCRP levels significantly increased in the control group (p= 0.04). Conclusions Within the limitations of this randomized, controlled trial, physical activity over a period of 6 months is a health-promoting measure for patients with T2DM and improves both periodontal health and HbA1c concentrations.

scholarly journals Development of an intervention to increase adherence to nebuliser treatment in adults with cystic fibrosis: CFHealthHub

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Arden ◽  
M. Hutchings ◽  
P. Whelan ◽  
S. J. Drabble ◽  
D. Beever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques

Abstract Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting genetic condition in which daily therapies to maintain lung health are critical, yet treatment adherence is low. Previous interventions to increase adherence have been largely unsuccessful and this is likely due to a lack of focus on behavioural evidence and theory alongside input from people with CF. This intervention is based on a digital platform that collects and displays objective nebuliser adherence data. The purpose of this paper is to identify the specific components of an intervention to increase and maintain adherence to nebuliser treatments in adults with CF with a focus on reducing effort and treatment burden. Methods Intervention development was informed by the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and person-based approach (PBA). A multidisciplinary team conducted qualitative research to inform a needs analysis, selected, and refined intervention components and methods of delivery, mapped adherence-related barriers and facilitators, associated intervention functions and behaviour change techniques, and utilised iterative feedback to develop and refine content and processes. Results Results indicated that people with CF need to understand their treatment, be able to monitor adherence, have treatment goals and feedback and confidence in their ability to adhere, have a treatment plan to develop habits for treatment, and be able to solve problems around treatment adherence. Behaviour change techniques were selected to address each of these needs and were incorporated into the digital intervention developed iteratively, alongside a manual and training for health professionals. Feedback from people with CF and clinicians helped to refine the intervention which could be tailored to individual patient needs. Conclusions The intervention development process is underpinned by a strong theoretical framework and evidence base and was developed by a multidisciplinary team with a range of skills and expertise integrated with substantial input from patients and clinicians. This multifaceted development strategy has ensured that the intervention is usable and acceptable to people with CF and clinicians, providing the best chance of success in supporting people with CF with different needs to increase and maintain their adherence. The intervention is being tested in a randomised controlled trial across 19 UK sites.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Multi-Component m-Health Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep Intervention on Dietary Intake in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Sasha Fenton ◽  
Tracy L. Burrows ◽  
Clare E. Collins ◽  
Anna T. Rayward ◽  
Beatrice Murawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Traditional Group ◽  
Traditional Diet ◽  
Randomised Controlled

This three-arm randomised controlled trial evaluated whether (1) a multi-component weight loss intervention targeting diet, physical activity (PA), and sleep was effective at improving dietary intake over six months and 12 months, compared with a control, and (2) the enhanced diet, PA, and sleep intervention was more effective at improving dietary intake than the traditional diet and PA intervention. A total of 116 adults (70% female, 44.5 years, BMI 31.7 kg/m2) were randomised to either traditional diet and PA intervention; enhanced diet, PA, and sleep intervention; or wait-list control. To examine between-group differences, intervention groups were pooled and compared with the control. Then, the two intervention groups were compared. At six months, the pooled intervention group consumed 1011 fewer kilojoules/day (95% CI −1922, −101), less sodium (−313.2 mg/day; 95% CI −591.3, −35.0), and higher %EI from fruit (+2.1%EI; 95% CI 0.1, 4.1) than the controls. There were no differences in intake between the enhanced and traditional groups at six months. At 12 months, the pooled intervention and control groups reported no significant differences. However, compared to the traditional group, the enhanced reported higher %EI from nutrient-dense foods (+7.4%EI; 95% CI 1.3, 13.5) and protein (+2.4%EI; 95% CI 0.1, 4.6), and reduced %EI from fried/takeaway foods (−3.6%EI; 95% CI −6.5, −0.7), baked sweet products (−2.0%EI; 95% CI −3.6, −0.4), and packaged snacks (−1.1%EI; 95% CI −2.2, −0.3). This weight loss intervention reduced total energy and sodium intakes as well as increased fruit intake in adults at six months. The enhanced intervention group reported improved dietary intake relative to the traditional group at 12 months.

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