scholarly journals Patients Seeking Retreatment after Community Paramedic Assessment and Treatment: Piloting a Community Paramedic Unit Program in Southwest Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Joonas Hänninen ◽  
Anne Kouvonen ◽  
Hilla Sumanen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Physician Consultation ◽  
Community Paramedicine ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Study Support

Community paramedic (CP) units are becoming more popular in enhancing a person’s access to the need for care assessment and treatment in acute but non-life-threatening health issues. Simultaneously CP units can reduce the strain on emergency departments (EDs) by treating patients effectively at home. The efficacy of CP units is proven in previous studies, but the details of conditions patients seek retreatment at the ED after a CP unit visit are largely unknown. This study aimed to categorize CP unit patients (n = 229) seeking retreatment after a CP unit visit and investigate links between CP unit actions and patients seeking retreatment. The study was based on a data set from a six-month CP unit pilot program in Finland. The main results show that 82% of the patients assessed and treated by the CP unit did not seek retreatment. Low back symptoms and nausea were the main problems patients presented to the ED within 96 h after the CP visit. On-call physician consultation (p = 0.335) or CP unit treatment time (p = 0.629) were not associated with the frequency of ED presentation. Further studies are needed in order to investigate which types of emergency medical missions are the most suitable for CP units. The findings of this study support the effectiveness of community paramedicine programs.

Comparativa de modelos multivariados basados en aprendizaje automático para la predicción del riesgo de diabetes en etapas tempranas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zayra Ramírez Gaytán
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Decision Tree Algorithm ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Logistic Regression Algorithm ◽  
Asymptomatic Phase

Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing, life-threatening, chronic degenerative diseases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it has affected 422 million people worldwide in 2018. Approximately 50% of all people who suffer diabetes are not diagnosed due to the asymptomatic phase which usually lasts a long time. In this work, a data set of 520 instances has been used. The data set has been analyzed with the next three algorithms: logistic regression algorithm, decision trees and random forest. The results show that the decision tree algorithm had better performance with an AUC of 98%. Also, it was found the most common symptoms that a person with a risk of diabetes presents are polyuria, polydipsia and sudden weight loss.

The Role of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy to Support Patients With Cancer: A Critical Scoping Review of the Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 089801012110390
Author(s):  
Rebecca H. Lehto ◽  
Megan Miller ◽  
Jessica Sender
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Existential Suffering ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Self Transcendence

Treatments for addressing psychiatric mental health issues in vulnerable patients with cancer are established. Yet, many patients persist with unrelenting psychological difficulties despite intervention. There is growing interest in the role of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for managing treatment-resistant mental health challenges in patients with cancer. Psilocybin is a naturally occurring compound derived from certain mushroom species that can induce entheogenic experiences or an altered state of consciousness. Reed's Self-Transcendence Theory provides a holistic lens to examine existential concerns and mental health in individuals who perceive their illness as potentially life threatening, such as those with cancer. This scoping literature review used Arksey and O’Malley's template to evaluate research examining psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for patients with cancer. Eight articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria (four quantitative, two mixed methods, and two qualitative). Review findings indicated that the majority of patient experiences were positive, centering on themes of death acceptance, reflection, and broadened spirituality. Although psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is in early stages of clinical testing, it thus shows promise for carefully screened patients with cancer who have persistent existential suffering. It will be critical for investigators to tailor this emerging intervention to select patients and for clinicians to be engaged in assessment of outcomes and efficacy.

Review on Mucormycosis: It is a life Threatening infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 316-318
Author(s):  
S.D. Mankar ◽  
Waditake Poonam ◽  
Prajakta Jejurkar
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Home Remedies ◽  
Animal Dung ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment

Mucormycosis, often known as black fungus, is a fungal infection caused by the mucormycetes fungi. Zygomycetes is a class of fungi. Mucormycetes, the fungus that cause mucormycosis, are found all throughout the world, especially in soil and in decaying organic waste like leaves, compost piles, and animal dung. It is not contagious and cannot be passed from one person to another. Mucormycosis (also known as zygomycosis) is a dangerous but uncommon fungal infection caused by a fungus known as mucormycetes. Molds can be found all over the place. Mucormycosis is a fungal infection that primarily affects persons who have health issues or who use medications that reduce the body's capacity to resist infections and illness. Infections are most typically acquired when mould spores are inhaled or, less commonly, when spores enter the body through a cut in the skin. It takes place after COVID-19. Home remedies, such as consuming probiotics, and foods that promote immunity, can help to minimise mucormycosis. The main purpose of this review Related to Mucormycosis is to diminish the growth of Mucormycosis by taking Ayurvedic Treatment.

Abstract TP75: Safety and Outcome of Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke with Prolonged Onset-to-Treatment Times and Low National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Scores. Report on Experience in China, First 1000 Patients of 3300 Treated

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Lan Zhang ◽  
Jin-Huan Wang ◽  
Yu-Xin Wang ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Chen-Hao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Efficacy Of Treatment

Introduction: Stroke in China is the leading cause of death. We report on a collaboration between a large metropolitan hospital in China, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, and Inova Fairfax and Inova Alexandria Stroke Programs presenting data on the first 1000 (of more than 3300 treated since 2012) patients treated with IV-rtPA. The safety and efficacy of treatment with rtPA between 4.5-6 hours after onset is unclear. Similarly there is little data on outcome of patients treated with rtPA with normal or low NIHSS. Methods: Patients were treated with thrombolysis between late 2012 and fall of 2014. Patients had MRI scans at 24 hours. Patients had NIHSS scores before and after treatment, and modified Rankin Scores (mRS) at 90 days after treatment. Results: See Chart. Conclusions: 1) IV-rtPA can be given safely between 4.5-6 hours without significant risk of sICH and worsening outcomes. 2) Higher NIHSS before thrombolysis was correlated with poorer outcomes. 3) There was no significant correlation between onset to treatment time up to 6 hours and outcome. 4) Outcome was excellent (mRS 0-1) in 72% treated 0-3 hours, 74% 3-4.5 hours and remarkably 85% 4.5-6 hours. The data set includes many patients who were asymptomatic or nearly so prior to treatment. This will need to be more fully evaluated in the remainder (2300) of this cohort of more than 3300 treated patients. Comment: This cohort represents one of the largest series of acute stroke patients treated with IV-rtPA > 4.5 hours after onset. It also reveals outcome of treatment in patients with low NIHSS treated at various intervals after last know well.

Cardiovascular assessment and care

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-100
Author(s):  
Christine Spiers
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Cardiac Monitoring ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Cardiovascular Assessment ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Cardiac Assessment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of death in the United Kingdom. The early recognition of cardiovascular deterioration in the acutely ill patient is an essential skill for practitioners in acute care. This chapter offers an overview of the cardiovascular system and normal physiological and compensatory mechanisms which support cardiovascular function. Cardiac assessment is explored in some detail including symptom review, cardiac monitoring, and chest pain assessment. The complex subject of arrhythmia interpretation and management is reviewed in some depth. The chapter concludes with a focus on the management of acute coronary syndromes, heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. All three conditions are potentially life-threatening and rapid assessment and treatment is essential to prevent mortality; evidence-based management of these conditions is considered in detail within this chapter.

Intestinal Transplantation in Pediatric Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Kosmach Park
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Intestinal Failure ◽  
Intestinal Transplantation ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Short Gut Syndrome ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Intestine Transplantation

Intestine transplantation has evolved into a feasible alternative for children with permanent intestinal failure and life-threatening complications related to total parenteral nutrition. Although the first transplantations were done nearly 40 years ago, long-term survival has only been achieved in the last decade. Nearly 700 intestinal transplantations have been performed internationally since 1985, with an overall patient survival of greater than 50%. Improvements in patient selection, medical management, and assessment and treatment for rejection and infection have contributed to the increased survival. This article will discuss current results and medical management strategies for this innovative type of transplantation for children with end-stage short gut syndrome.

Food Sustenance Estimation Using Food Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 2050034
Author(s):  
G. Wiselin Jiji ◽  
A. Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Query Image ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Food Image

The upcoming generation is at high risk of developing many health issues like heart diseases, metabolic diseases and other life-threatening problems with high mortality as a consequence of obesity due to intake of unhealthy food which is totally deviated from a normal balanced diet with appropriate calories, proteins, vitamins and carbohydrates. In this work, the nutrient intake is calculated using food image. Our system provides efficient segmentation algorithms for separating food items from the plate. The given 2D image of food is converted into 3D image by generating its depth map for volume generation and color, texture and shape features are extracted. These features are fed as input into multi-class support vector machine classifier for learning. The learning phase involves training of various mixed and non mixed food items. The testing phase includes query image segmentation and classification for identifying the type of food and then finding calories using the nutrition data table. We have also estimated the ingredient and decay of food items. Our result shows accurate calorie estimation for various kinds of food items.

Cerebral Salt Wasting

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Henry ◽  
Avinash B. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Cerebral Salt Wasting ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Neurological Illness ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Biochemical Level ◽  
Timely Delivery

Human survival (on a biochemical level) depends on the body’s critical ability to regulate the osmolality and salinity of extracellular fluid. When functioning in a normal state, the osmoregulatory system stringently maintains the serum sodium in a narrow range. Alterations in the serum sodium and water balance have significant and sometimes life-threatening impact on patients—especially when they occur in conjunction with serious intracranial pathology. This chapter, including the case discussion, illustrates the conundrum of hyponatremia and high urine output states complicating neurological illness. A thorough understanding of the pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment of these conditions is essential for the timely delivery of care and optimal patient outcomes.

Intoxication and drugs in facilities

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Ourada ◽  
Kenneth L. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Alliances ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening

Active abuse of substances by inmates poses a challenge for correctional psychiatrists. Substance use disorders (SUD) are common among inmates, with higher prevalence usually found in those with general psychiatric conditions. Knowledge about substance use in correctional facilities fosters competent clinical intervention and enhances management at all levels. Psychiatrists working in jails and prisons have the challenging task of maintaining therapeutic alliances with patients who have co-occurring SUDs and also may be actively using substances. Patients might not spontaneously report use during incarceration because they fear retribution by correctional staff or not receiving needed treatment for medical and mental health problems. Psychiatrists need to remain aware of this and to screen for SUD and active substance use as part of comprehensive treatment planning. The clinical challenges in jails and prisons differ, and the substances found in facilities vary geographically. Active substance abuse by inmates presents clinical and systemic challenges for correctional psychiatrists. The interplay among mental health, medical, and custody staff regarding screening, detection, triage, management, and treatment lies at the heart of these challenges. Correctional psychiatrists make important contributions by providing direct assessment and treatment to inmates, and by offering educational, clinical, and policy consultations to other staff. These contributions help prevent potentially life-threatening complications of intoxication and withdrawal, ensure integrated and evidence-based care, and avoid misguided or ill-informed disciplinary or other institutional practices. This chapter highlights these differences, outlines clinical management, and describes an interdisciplinary approach to intervention.

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