scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Small Molecule Oligopeptides Isolated from Panax ginseng Meyer on Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction and Death in Diabetic Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihong Xu ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Di Li ◽  
Ruixue Mao ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

scholarly journals Update on the Protective Molecular Pathways Improving Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Puddu ◽  
Roberta Sanguineti ◽  
François Mach ◽  
Franco Dallegri ◽  
Giorgio Luciano Viviani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

The primary function of pancreatic beta-cells is to produce and release insulin in response to increment in extracellular glucose concentrations, thus maintaining glucose homeostasis. Deficient beta-cell function can have profound metabolic consequences, leading to the development of hyperglycemia and, ultimately, diabetes mellitus. Therefore, strategies targeting the maintenance of the normal function and protecting pancreatic beta-cells from injury or death might be crucial in the treatment of diabetes. This narrative review will update evidence from the recently identified molecular regulators preserving beta-cell mass and function recovery in order to suggest potential therapeutic targets against diabetes. This review will also highlight the relevance for novel molecular pathways potentially improving beta-cell dysfunction.

Progressive endoplasmic reticulum stress over time due to human insulin gene mutation contributes to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2534-2549
Author(s):  
Nur Shabrina Amirruddin ◽  
Wei Xuan Tan ◽  
Yaw Sing Tan ◽  
Daphne Su-Lyn Gardner ◽  
Yong Mong Bee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Human Insulin ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Human Insulin Gene ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Role for inducible cAMP early repressor in promoting pancreatic beta cell dysfunction evoked by oxidative stress in human and rat islets

Diabetologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 2337-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Favre ◽  
G. Niederhauser ◽  
D. Fahmi ◽  
V. Plaisance ◽  
S. Brajkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Rat Islets ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Inducible Camp Early Repressor

scholarly journals Circadian Regulation of the Pancreatic Beta Cell

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Seshadri ◽  
Christine A Doucette
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Circadian Timing ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Timing System ◽  
Circadian Timing System

Abstract Beta cell dysfunction is central to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In T2D, environmental and genetic influences can manifest beta cell dysfunction in many ways, including impaired glucose-sensing and secretion coupling mechanisms, insufficient adaptative responses to stress and aberrant beta cell loss through increased cell death and/or beta cell de-differentiation. In recent years, circadian disruption has emerged as an important environmental risk factor for T2D. In support of this, genetic disruption of the circadian timing system in rodents impairs insulin secretion and triggers diabetes development, lending important evidence that the circadian timing system is intimately connected to, and essential for the regulation of pancreatic beta cell function; however, the role of the circadian timing system in the regulation of beta cell biology is only beginning to be unravelled. Here, we review the recent literature that explores the importance of the pancreatic islet/beta cell circadian clock in the regulation of various aspects of beta cell biology, including transcriptional and functional control of daily cycles of insulin secretion capacity, regulation of postnatal beta cell maturation, and control of the adaptive responses of the beta cell to metabolic stress and acute injury.

Pentamidine-induced pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction

1989 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Shen ◽  
Eric S. Orwoll ◽  
John E. Conte ◽  
Melvin J. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction
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