scholarly journals Dose-Dependent Prebiotic Effect of Lactulose in a Computer-Controlled In Vitro Model of the Human Large Intestine

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Bothe ◽  
Annet Maathuis ◽  
Susann Bellmann ◽  
Jos van der Vossen ◽  
Dirk Berressem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Human Large Intestine ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent

219 EFFECT OF THE ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS ON PLACENTAL TRANSPORT IN BeWo CELLS AS AN IN VITRO MODEL

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
J.-H. Lee ◽  
E.-B. Jeung
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Calcium Cations ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Iron And Calcium

The placenta exchanges vital factors, including oxygen, carbon dioxide, copper, iron, calcium cations, and glucose, which are essential to fetal growth. Each molecule is transferred by specific receptors that are located at the cell membrane or in the cytoplasm. Copper, iron, calcium cations, and glucose transfer genes are regulated by estrogens, vitamin D, and human placental lactogen. Regulations of these receptors depend on pregnancy time length and maternal and fetal nutrient environment with various pathways. Some synthetic plastics known as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) have a similar structure to reproductive hormones such as estrogens. Thus, these substances have a potential effect on the expression of genes which are regulated by estrogens or progesterone by interfering their pathways. Having an estrogenic property, EDC interact with oestrogen receptors and elevate or decrease the expression of target genes which are responsible for transporting essential molecules such as copper, iron, and calcium. To examine the effects of EDC exposure during pregnancy, we conducted an in vitro model study using the BeWo human trophoblast cell line. The BeWo cell was treated with well-known EDC, octyl-phenol (OP), nonyl-phenol (NP), and bisphenol A (BPA) in a dose-dependent manner (10–7, 10–6, and 10–5 M) for 24 h. The expression of copper (CTR1, ATP7A), iron (IREG1, HEPH), and calcium transporting genes (PMCA1, TRPV6), were measured by real-time RT–PCR and Western blot. The expression of copper, iron, and calcium transporting genes were elevated in a dose-dependent manner by all well-known EDC, including OP, NP, and BPA, as well as E2. To unveil the mechanism of these elevations of ionic transporting genes, an ERE promoter study will be needed. Taken together, essential cation transporting genes in placenta are modulated by EDC.

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of ocimum kilimandscharicum linnleaves: phytochemical and in vitro pharmacological activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Yamini N ◽  
Lahari S ◽  
Phani deepthi V
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent

Using an in vitro model, the anti-thrombolytic efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Linn was investigated. The researchers discovered that different concentrations of the extract had significant anti-thrombolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner , which was comparable to a standard drug. As a result of the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the plant extract, it can be concluded that it has a promising future in the treatment of thrombosis. This knowledge will be useful in the clinical development of thrombolytic therapeutics by identifying more potent anti-thrombolytic principles from natural resources..    

scholarly journals Xylo-oligosaccharides from sugarcane show prebiotic potential in a dynamic computer-controlled in vitro model of the adult human large intestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Venema ◽  
J. Verhoeven ◽  
S. Verbruggen ◽  
D. Keller
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Vitro Model

The aim of the study was to investigate the prebiotic potential of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) from sugarcane in a validated, dynamic, computer-controlled in vitro model of the colon (TIM-2) simulating human adults. In two sets of experiments, each with a different microbiota, 3 different doses of XOS were tested at 1.0 g/day, 1.5 g/day and 3.0 g/day. The in vitro model was run for 72 h, and at the start and subsequently every 24 h samples were taken and analysed for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and gut microbiota composition. SCFA were analysed using ion chromatography, whereas microbiota composition was analysed using sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. XOS showed a similar SCFA production per gram of substrate as the control medium, including butyrate, which is considered to be important for gut health. In both sets of experiments XOS showed a consistent dose-dependent increase in abundance over time of the genus Bifidobacterium, and within that of the species B. adolescentis and an unidentified species (labelled ‘sp.1’). The results show the potential prebiotic effect of XOS from sugarcane, by its capacity to generate butyrate and increase the health-beneficial bifidobacteria.

Gonadotrophic regulation of prolactin mediated progesterone secretion in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Steven Alexander ◽  
Thomas M. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Model System ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cells Cultured

Abstract. The effects of preincubating rat granulosa cells with FSH, LH, and Prl on subsequent Prl mediated progesterone secretion were investigated. Granulosa cells were isolated from ovarian follicles 50 h after injection of 5 IU PMSG and were then plated on poly-l-lysine coated coverslips in serum supplemented medium. Cells were preincubated for 24 h in the absence of hormones (control) or with the addition of either 0.25, 2.5, 25 ng/ml rat FSH or rat LH, or 1 μg/ml rat Prl. Following the preincubation period, cells were maintained for an additional 6 or 8 days in the presence or absence of 1 μg/ml Prl. When cells were preincubated with FSH or LH, only the two higher concentrations (2.5 and 25 ng/ml) stimulated significantly more progesterone secretion than control cultures during the 24 h preincubation period. For each series of preincubations, cells cultured for 6 or 8 days in the presence of Prl secreted significantly more progesterone at each day of culture than cells cultured without Prl. Cells preincubated and cultured with Prl secreted only 3–7-fold more progesterone than cells preincubated in control medium and then cultured with Prl. Preincubation with FSH or LH promoted a 20–45-fold increase in Prl mediated progesterone secretion compared to control preincubation cultures that also subsequently were cultured with Prl. The magnitude of Prl mediated progesterone secretion observed through 6 days of culturing was dose dependent on the preincubation concentration of FSH or LH. The establishment of an in vitro model system in which gonadotrophins enhance the responsiveness of granulosa cells to Prl in serum supplemented medium provides the opportunity for study of the regulatory mechanisms involved with the induction and maintenance of such responsiveness.

scholarly journals Volatile Sulfur Production in the Large Intestine as Affected by Plant Extracts in Pig In Vitro Model

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Yoshimi ISHIKAWA ◽  
Makiko MAEKAWA ◽  
Tsutomu ARAKAWA ◽  
Kazunari USHIDA
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Volatile Sulfur
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