scholarly journals Retrospective Evaluation of Metformin and/or Metformin Plus a New Polysaccharide Complex in Treating Severe Hyperinsulinism and Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Stagi ◽  
Franco Ricci ◽  
Martina Bianconi ◽  
Maria Sammarco ◽  
Giovanna Municchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Polysaccharide Complex

Abstract P088: Obesity, Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in a Primary Pediatric Setting in Southern Italy

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo De Filippo ◽  
Domenico Rendina ◽  
Domenico Viggiano ◽  
Antonio Fasolino ◽  
Paola Sabatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Campania Region

Background: Obesity is the main risk factor for essential hypertension (EH) in childhood. The O.Si.Me. study (Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in children and adolescents) evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constitutive traits in a sample of obese children and adolescents living in Campania, southern Italy. Patients and methods: Four hundred and fifteen children and adolescents consecutively referred to the National Health Service participating Outpatient Clinics for minor health problems and found to have a Body Mass Index (BMI) Z-score > 2.0 were enrolled in the study. The entire sample was screened for MetS, which was defined as the presence of at least 2 of the following alterations in addition to obesity: fasting hyperglycemia, low levels of high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and EH. The present analysis evaluated the clinical characteristics of the O.Si.Me subgroup of EH participants (systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95 th percentile for age, gender and height) as compared with normotensive participants. Results: The prevalence of EH in the O.Si.Me population was 23.6 % (98/415, 48M and 50F.) and two-thirds of the EH participants met the MetS diagnostic criteria. The EH participants featured serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels significantly higher compared with normotensive ones (11.6±0.6 vs. 9.5±0.4 μIU/ml, p = 0.014; 2.6±0.1 vs. 2.2±0.1, p = 0.028 for insulin and HOMA-IR, respectively). These differences were common to boys and girls and remained significant after correction for age, pubertal stage, body weight, length, BMI, gestational age at birth, duration of breastfeeding and anthropometric parental parameters. Accordingly, children and adolescents with EH had a a relative risk of being insulin resistant (defined as a HOMA-IR ≥2.5) significantly greater compared to those without. Moreover, they exhibited higher serum creatinine levels (53.8±7.1 vs. 35.4±6.8 μmol/l, p=0.025) accounting for gender and body weight. Conclusions: More than a quarter of obese children and adolescents meet the diagnostic criteria for EH in the Campania region in southern Italy. These obese boys and girls have an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and apparently an initial reduction in renal function compared with obese children and adolescents with normal BP.

Metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents in Serbia: prevalence and risk factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Vukovic ◽  
Dragan Zdravkovic ◽  
Katarina Mitrovic ◽  
Tatjana Milenkovic ◽  
Sladjana Todorovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

AbstractTo assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese children and adolescents in Serbia.The study group consisted of 254 subjects (148 female and 106 male), aged 4.6–18.9 years with diet-induced obesity (body mass index ≥95th percentile). Presence of MS using the International Diabetes Federation definition was assessed in all subjects, as well as oral glucose tolerance test and insulin resistance indices.Overall prevalence of MS in all subjects aged ≥10 years was 31.2%, namely, 28.7% in children aged 10 to <16 years and 40.5% in adolescents ≥16 years. When adjusted for age, gender and pubertal development, higher degree of obesity was a strong predictor of MS. Multivariate analysis showed that taller subjects and those with higher degree of insulin resistance were at significantly higher risk of MS, independent of the degree of obesity.High prevalence of MS emphasizes the need for prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Adiponectin in Childhood and Adolescent Obesity and Its Association with Inflammatory Markers and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 4415-4423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Winer ◽  
Tosca L. Zern ◽  
Sara E. Taksali ◽  
James Dziura ◽  
Anna M. G. Cali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract Context: Adiponectin levels are lower in obese children and adolescents, whereas markers of inflammation and proinflammatory cytokines are higher. Hypoadiponectinemia may contribute to the low-grade systemic chronic inflammatory state associated with childhood obesity. Objective: We investigated whether C-reactive protein (CRP), the prototype of inflammation, is related to adiponectin levels independently of insulin resistance and adiposity. Design, Setting, Participants, and Main Outcome Measures: In a multiethnic cohort of 589 obese children and adolescents, we administered a standard oral glucose tolerance test and obtained baseline measurements for adiponectin, plasma lipid profile, CRP, IL-6, and leptin. Results: Stratifying the cohort into quartiles of adiponectin levels and adjusting for potential confounding variables, such as age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index z-score, pubertal status, and insulin sensitivity, the present study revealed that low levels of adiponectin are associated not only with higher CRP levels, but also with components of the metabolic syndrome, such as low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a high triglyceride-to-high-density-lipoprotein ratio. Conclusions: The link between adiponectin levels and a strong marker of inflammation, CRP, is independent of insulin resistance and adiposity in obese children and adolescents. Adiponectin may be one of the signals linking inflammation and obesity. Thus, adiponectin may function as a biomarker of the metabolic syndrome in childhood obesity.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and related morbidities in overweight and obese children

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
İsmail Dündar ◽  
Ayşehan Akıncı
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and other comorbidities in overweight and obese children in Malatya, Turkey. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study. We studied 860 obese and overweight children and adolescents (obese children Body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile, overweight children BMI >85th percentile) aged between 6 and 18 years. The diagnosis of MetS, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and T2DM were defined according to modified the World Health Organization criteria adapted for children. Other comorbidities were studied. Results Subjects (n=860) consisted of 113 overweight and 747 obese children of whom 434 (50.5%) were girls. MetS was significantly more prevalent in obese than overweight children (43.8 vs. 2.7%, p<0.001), and in pubertal than prepubertal children (41.1 vs. 31.7%, p<0.001). Mean homeostasis model assessment for insulin ratio (HOMA-IR) was 3.6 ± 2.0 in the prepubertal and 4.9 ± 2.4 in pubertal children (p<0.001). All cases underwent oral glucose tolerance test and IGT, IFG, and T2DM were diagnosed in 124 (14.4%), 19 (2.2%), and 32 (3.7%) cases, respectively. Insulin resistance (IR) was present in 606 cases (70.5%). Conclusions Puberty and obesity are important risk factors for MetS, T2DM, and IR. The prevalence of MetS, T2DM, and other morbidities was high in the study cohort. Obese children and adolescents should be carefully screened for T2DM, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinism, dyslipidemia, hypertension, IGT, and IFG. The prevention, early recognition, and treatment of obesity are essential to avoid associated morbidities.

scholarly journals Insulin resistance and its association with the components of the metabolic syndrome among obese children and adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Juárez-López ◽  
Miguel Klünder-Klünder ◽  
Patricia Medina-Bravo ◽  
Adrián Madrigal-Azcárate ◽  
Eliezer Mass-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents in Relation to Breastfeeding Duration

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Mohammed Helmi Mahmoud Emara ◽  
Shaymaa Mohamed Elrifaey ◽  
Wessam Salah Mohamed ◽  
Ashraf Abd Elmonaem Elsharkawy ◽  
Adel Ali Erfan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Childhood obesity is unarguably a major public health challenge, which is associated with the incidence of many health problems like insulin resistance which is the main trigger of metabolic syndrome, that is characterized by many comorbidities like dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, steatosis and many cardiovascular problems. Breast milk is an essential way for supplying the needed nutrients for infants’ growth and development. The aim of this work was to assess insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents and to detect its relation to duration of breastfeeding. Methods: This case controlled study was started at June 2018 till July 2020 and carried out on 120 children who were divided into 2 equal groups: Group (1) obese children. Group (2) healthy controls -of matched age and sex- that weren’t obese. Results: Weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure were significantly higher among obese children than healthy controls. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding duration of breastfeeding. HOMA-IR was higher among obese children who received shorter duration of breastfeeding but without statistically significant difference. There was a significant positive correlation between HOMA-IR of obese children and both of fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin levels. While a significant                             negative correlation was observed between HOMA-IR and high density lipoproteins of obese children. Conclusion: Obese children and adolescents had higher HOMA-IR indices than healthy controls which indicate their predisposition for having insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. HOMA-IR can be used as a useful tool for evaluation of metabolic syndrome risk in obese children as evidenced by the strong correlation between it and other components of metabolic syndrome. No significant relation was found between insulin resistance and breastfeeding duration in obese children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome in Italian Obese Children and Adolescents: Stronger Association with Central Fat Depot than with Insulin Sensitivity and Birth Weight

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Brufani ◽  
Danilo Fintini ◽  
Ugo Giordano ◽  
Alberto Enrico Tozzi ◽  
Fabrizio Barbetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obesity Index ◽  
Central Fat ◽  
Fat Depot

Aim. To evaluate whether body fat distribution, birth weight, and family history for diabetes (FHD) were associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents.Methods. A total of 439 Italian obese children and adolescents (5–18 years) were enrolled. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: prepubertal and pubertal. MetS was diagnosed according to the adapted National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Birth weight percentile, central obesity index (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), insulin sensitivity (ISI), and disposition index were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine variables associated with MetS.Results. The prevalence of MetS was 17%, with higher percentage in adolescents than in children (21 versus 12%). In the overall population, central obesity index was a stronger predictor of MetS than insulin sensitivity and low birth weight. When the two groups were considered, central fat depot remained the strongest predictor of MetS, with ISI similarly influencing the probability of MetS in the two groups and birth weight being negatively associated to MetS only in pubertal individuals. Neither FHD nor degree of fatness was a significant predictor of MetS.Conclusion. Simple clinical parameters like increased abdominal adiposity and low birth weight could be useful tools to identify European obese adolescents at risk for metabolic complications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document