scholarly journals Characteristics of U.S. Adults with Usual Daily Folic Acid Intake above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2010

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Orozco ◽  
Lorraine Yeung ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Alicia Carriquiry ◽  
Robert Berry
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Folic Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Intake Level

scholarly journals Usual folic acid intakes: a modelling exercise assessing changes in the amount of folic acid in foods and supplements, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1216-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C Tinker ◽  
Mary E Cogswell ◽  
Heather C Hamner ◽  
Robert J Berry
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Folic Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Intake Level

AbstractObjectiveThe USA currently fortifies enriched cereal grain products (ECGP) with folic acid at 140 μg/100 g. In addition, folic acid can be voluntarily added to ready-to-eat cereals (RTEC) up to 400 μg/serving and it is found in many dietary supplements, most often at a dose of 400 μg. We sought to model folic acid intake under various fortification and supplementation scenarios.DesignThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a population-based cross-sectional survey representative of the non-institutionalized, civilian US population. Information on folic acid intake is collected in two 24 h dietary recalls and survey questions on dietary supplement use, which allows estimation of usual total folic acid intake. We modelled five different levels of folic acid fortification in ECGP, while varying the amounts in RTEC and dietary supplements.SettingUnited States.SubjectsUS adults (n 14 353) aged ≥19 years; non-pregnant women of childbearing age (n 4272).ResultsThe percentage of adults with usual daily folic acid intake above the tolerable upper intake level of 1000 μg was influenced more by the typical amount in supplements, while the median intake was influenced more by the ECGP fortification level. By manipulating the amount in at least two sources, it was possible to shift the distribution such that more women of childbearing age consumed the recommended intake of 400 μg of folic acid without increasing the percentage of adults with intake above the tolerable upper intake level. The results varied among population subgroups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that combined strategies are required to meet population recommendations for folic acid intake.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake by Age, Gender, and Pregnancy Status in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maranda Thompson ◽  
Nicholas Hein ◽  
Corrine Hanson ◽  
Lynette Smith ◽  
Ann Anderson-Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Despite the importance of n-3 fatty acids for health, intakes remain below recommended levels. The objective of this study was to provide an updated assessment of fish and n-3 fatty acid intake (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+DHA) in the United States using the 2003–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (n = 45,347)). Over this survey period, toddlers, children, and adolescents (aged 1–19) had significantly lower n-3 fatty acid intake (p < 0.001) compared to adults and seniors, which remained significant after adjusting for caloric intake. Females demonstrated lower n-3 fatty acid intake than males (p < 0.001), with adult and senior women having significantly lower intakes compared to men in the same age categories (p < 0.001) after adjustment for energy intake. Women also consumed less fish than men (5.8 versus 6.1 servings/month, p < 0.001). The estimated intakes of n-3 fatty acids in pregnant women did not differ from non-pregnant women (p = 0.6 for EPA+DHA), although pregnant women reported consuming less high n-3 fatty acid-containing fish than non-pregnant women (1.8 versus 2.6 servings/month, p < 0.001). Our findings indicate that subgroups of the population may be at higher risk of n-3 fatty acid intakes below recommended levels.

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