scholarly journals Estimation of 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Using Spot Urine Samples

Nutrients ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2360-2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moo-Yong Rhee ◽  
Ji-Hyun Kim ◽  
Sung-Joon Shin ◽  
Namyi Gu ◽  
Deuk-Young Nah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spot Urine

Estimating 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion From Spot Urine Samples in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiachang Hu ◽  
Yimei Wang ◽  
Nana Song ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Jie Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spot Urine

scholarly journals Validation and Assessment of Three Methods to Estimate 24-h Urinary Sodium Excretion from Spot Urine Samples in Chinese Adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0149655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaguang Peng ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Jian Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Spot Urine

scholarly journals Urinary sodium excretion patterns in adult population in spot urine samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
VG Sequera ◽  
F Cañete ◽  
T Paiva ◽  
E Giménez ◽  
E Santacruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spot Urine

Multiple, random spot urine sampling for estimating urinary sodium excretion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Ardissino ◽  
Antonio Vergori ◽  
Cesare Vergori ◽  
Laura Martelli ◽  
Valeria Daccò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Urine Sampling

scholarly journals 24-Hour vs. Spot Urinary Sodium and Potassium Measurements in Adult Hypertensive Patients: A Cohort Validation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 983-991
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R Wan ◽  
Jennifer Cross ◽  
Reecha Sofat ◽  
Stephen B Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Sodium Ingestion ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation

Abstract BACKGROUND Sodium intake is correlated with the development of hypertension. Guyton’s principals suggest that the 24-hour urinary sodium excretion reflects sodium ingestion over the same period. 24-hour urine collections are arduous to collect, so many centers use spot urinary measurements instead. We compared spot to matched 24-hour urinary electrolyte measurements. METHODS We examined 419 hypertensive patients from the UCL Complex Hypertension Clinic. 77 had matched and complete 24-hour and spot urinary and serum biochemistry to examine. We compared the spot and 24-hour urinary; sodium concentration, Na/Cr ratio, FENa, Kawasaki and Tanaka estimated sodium excretion as well as the potassium concentration, K/Cr ratio, Kawasaki and Tanaka potassium excretion. RESULTS Our cohort was 58% male and the median age was 41 years. The 24-hour and spot Na concentrations correlated moderately (r = 0.4633, P < 0.0001). The 24-hour and spot Na/creatinine ratios correlated weakly (r = 0.2625, P = 0.0194). The 24-hour and spot FENa results showed a weak negative correlation (r = −0.222, P = ns). The 24-hour sodium excretion and the Kawasaki-derived spot urine sodium excretion correlated moderately (r = 0.3118, P = 0.0052). All Bland–Altman analyses showed poor agreement. The 24-hour and spot potassium concentrations correlated very poorly (r = 0.1158, P = ns). The 24-hour and spot urinary K/creatinine ratios correlated weakly (r = 0.47, P ≤ 0.0001). 24-hour and Kawasaki and Tanaka estimated potassium excretions correlated much better (r = 0.58, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Spot urinary measurements of sodium give a very poor understanding of the natriuresis occurring over the same 24-hour period. The Kawasaki and Tanaka estimations of the 24-hour sodium excretion showed a much lower correlation than previously reported.

scholarly journals Correcting for Intra-Individual Variability in Sodium Excretion in Spot Urine Samples Does Not Improve the Ability to Predict 24 h Urinary Sodium Excretion

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2026
Author(s):  
Karen Elizabeth Charlton ◽  
Aletta Elisabeth Schutte ◽  
Leanda Wepener ◽  
Barbara Corso ◽  
Paul Kowal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Spot Urine

Given a global focus on salt reduction efforts to reduce cardiovascular risk, it is important to obtain accurate measures of salt intake on a population level. This study determined firstly whether adjustment for intra-individual variation in urinary sodium (Na) excretion using three repeated 24 h collections affects daily estimates and whether the use of repeated spot urine samples results in better prediction of 24 h Na compared to a single collection. Twenty three community-dwelling men and women from South Africa (mean age 59.7 years (SD = 15.6)) participating in the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE) Wave 3 study collected 24 h and spot early morning urine samples over three consecutive days to assess urinary Na excretion. INTERSALT, Tanaka, and Kawasaki prediction equations, with either average or adjusted spot Na values, were used to estimate 24 h Na and compared these against measured 24 h urinary Na. Adjustment was performed by using the ratio of between-person (sb) and total (sobs) variability obtained from repeated measures analysis of variance. Sensitivity of the equations to predict daily urinary Na values below 5 g salt equivalent was calculated. The sb/sobs for urinary Na using three repeated samples for spot and 24 h samples were 0.706 and 0.798, respectively. Correction using analysis of variance for 3 × 24 h collections resulted in contraction of the upper end of the distribution curve (90th centile: 157 to 136 mmoL/day; 95th centile: 220 to 178 mmoL/day). All three prediction equations grossly over-estimated 24 h urinary Na excretion, regardless of whether a single spot urine or repeated collections corrected for intra-individual variation were used. Sensitivity of equations to detect salt intake equivalent values of ≤5 g/day was 13% for INTERSALT, while the other two equations had zero sensitivity. Correcting for intra-individual variability in Na excretion using three 24 h urine collections contracted the distribution curve for high intakes. Repeated collection of spot samples for urinary Na analysis does not improve the accuracy of predicting 24 h Na excretion. Spot urine samples are not appropriate to detect participants with salt intakes below the recommended 5 g/day.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Equations for Predicting 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion from Casual Urine Samples in Asian Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 146 (8) ◽  
pp. 1609-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Whitton ◽  
Gibson Ming Wei Gay ◽  
Raymond Boon Tar Lim ◽  
Linda Wei Lin Tan ◽  
Wei-Yen Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples

Development and Validation of Equations to Estimate 24-H Urinary Sodium Excretion from Urine Samples of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Nephron ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Bruna De Vico Ribeiro ◽  
Fabiana Baggio Nerbass ◽  
Andrea Emanuela Chaud Hallvass ◽  
Roberto Pecoits-Filho ◽  
Lilian Cuppari
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Development And Validation
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