scholarly journals Weight Misperception, Self-Reported Physical Fitness, Dieting and Some Psychological Variables as Risk Factors for Eating Disorders

Nutrients ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4486-4502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Jáuregui-Lobera ◽  
Mercedes Ezquerra-Cabrera ◽  
Rocío Carbonero-Carreño ◽  
Inmaculada Ruiz-Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Weight Misperception

930 PHYSICAL FITNESS, EXERCISE HABITS AND CORONARY RISK FACTORS IN URBAN MIDDLE-AGED JAPANESE FEMALES

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S166
Author(s):  
Y. Odagiri ◽  
H. Iwane ◽  
T. Shimomitsu ◽  
Y. Ohya ◽  
Y. Fujiedn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Coronary Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Exercise Habits

scholarly journals An Evolutionary Genetic Perspective of Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. Mayhew ◽  
Marie Pigeyre ◽  
Jennifer Couturier ◽  
David Meyre
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Binary Variable ◽  
Evolutionary Genetic ◽  
New Perspective

Eating disorders (ED) including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED) affect up to 5% of the population in Western countries. Risk factors for developing an ED include personality traits, family environment, gender, age, ethnicity, and culture. Despite being moderately to highly heritable with estimates ranging from 28 to 83%, no genetic risk factors have been conclusively identified. Our objective was to explore evolutionary theories of EDs to provide a new perspective on research into novel biological mechanisms and genetic causes of EDs. We developed a framework that explains the possible interactions between genetic risk and cultural influences in the development of ED. The framework includes three genetic predisposition categories (people with mainly AN restrictive gene variants, people with mainly BED variants, and people with gene variants predisposing to both diseases) and a binary variable of either the presence or absence of pressure to be thin. We propose novel theories to explain the overlapping characteristics of the subtypes of AN (binge/purge and restrictive), BN, and BED. For instance, mutations/structural gene variants in the same gene causing opposite effects or mutations in nearby genes resulting in partial disequilibrium for the genes causing AN (restrictive) and BED may explain the overlap of phenotypes seen in AN (binge/purge).

Preoperative Risk Factors for Complications in Elective Ankle and Hindfoot Reconstruction

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Mulligan ◽  
Kevin J. McCarthy ◽  
Benjamin J. Grear ◽  
David R. Richardson ◽  
Susan N. Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Reoperation Rate ◽  
Deep Infection ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Alcohol Users

Background. The purpose of this study was to examine medical, social, and psychological factors associated with complications and reoperation after foot and ankle reconstruction. Methods. A retrospective chart review was conducted of 132 patients (135 feet; 139 operative cases) who had elective foot and ankle reconstruction. Medical, social, and psychological variables were documented. Primary outcomes included complications and reoperations. Results. The overall complication rate was 28% (39/139), and the reoperation rate was 17% (24/139). Alcohol use (P = .03) and preoperative narcotic use (P = .02) were risk factors for complications, with delayed wound healing more frequent in alcohol users (P = .03) and deep infection (P = .045) and nonunion (P = .046) more frequent preoperative narcotic use. Deep infection also was more frequent in tobacco users (P < .01). Older patients were less likely to undergo reoperation (risk of reoperation increased with age). Other variables were not associated with increased complications. Conclusion. Patients who consumed alcohol or had been prescribed any amount of narcotic within 3 months preoperatively were at increased risk for complications. Patients who smoked were more likely to have a wound infection. Surgeons should be aware of these factors and counsel patients before surgery. Levels of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective comparative study

scholarly journals Eating disorders among university students: a public health challenge. An European study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ladner ◽  
A Lukács ◽  
I Brumboiu ◽  
E Ciobanu ◽  
C Croitoru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
University Students ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Behavioural Risk Factors ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Eating disorders (ED) and behavioural risk factors among students in higher education remain to be investigated. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of ED and the behavioural factors associated with ED in university students in four European universities: Chisinau (Ch) in Republic of Moldava, Cluj-Napoca (CN) in Romania, Miskolc (Ms) in Hungary and Rouen (R) in France. Methods In the four countries, students in higher education completed an anonymous standardized self-questionnaire, from 2016 to 2018. The questionnaire collected age, gender (M, W), housing, curricula, smoking, cannabis consumption, alcohol abuse problems (ADOSPA test), and perceived stress (Cohen score). The Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food (SCOFF scale) screening test was used to identify student with ED. Results A total of 3076 students were included, 705 in Ch, 582 in CL, 534 in Ms and 1255 in R. The sex-ratio was M:F=0.31 Ch, 0.30 in CN, 0.44 in Ms and 0.66 in R. The mean age was 21.2 (SD = 3.98) in Ch, 21.2 (SD = 3.2) in CL, 23.8 (SD = 5.1) in Ms and 20.0 (SD = 3.4) in R. The global prevalence of ED was 23.8%. According to the gender, the prevalence of ED in the four universities was 14.7% in M and 38.3% in W in Ch, 21.8% in M and 24.7% in W in CN, 19.7% in M and 21.4% in W in Ms and 16.1% in M and 34.0% in W in R (p &lt; 10-4). After logistic regression, significant positive relation between the positive SCOFF was observed with female gender, alcohol abuse problems and stress level. Conclusions ED prevalence patterns were quite similar in the four countries, with high prevalence of ED, even in men. Associated behavioural risk-factors were quite similar. It might be necessary in the future to screen students for potential ED upon entry to the university and also to inform student about the risk of ED and advise them to consult a healthcare professional. Key messages Our study highlights the high prevalence of eating disorders, with similar behaviours in university students in four countries. Because of the detrimental effects of ED on physical and emotional health, it seems mandatory to set up public health programs (health promotion, prevention).

Undue influence of weight and shape: is it distinct from body dissatisfaction and concern about weight and shape?

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Wade ◽  
G. Zhu ◽  
N. G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Diagnostic Criterion

BackgroundThree cognitive constructs are risk factors for eating disorders: undue influence of weight and shape, concern about weight and shape, and body dissatisfaction (BD). Undue influence, a diagnostic criterion for eating disorders, is postulated to be closely associated with self-esteem whereas BD is postulated to be closely associated with body mass index (BMI). We understand less about the relationships with concern about weight and shape. The aim of the current investigation was examine the degree of overlap across these five phenotypes in terms of latent genetic and environmental risk factors in order to draw some conclusions about the similarities and differences across the three cognitive variables.MethodA sample of female Australian twins (n=1056, including 348 complete pairs), mean age 35 years (s.d.=2.11, range 28–40), completed a semi-structured interview about eating pathology and self-report questionnaires. An independent pathways model was used to investigate the overlap of genetic and environmental risk factors for the five phenotypes.ResultsIn terms of variance that was not shared with other phenotypes, self-esteem emerged as being separate, with 100% of its variance unshared with the other phenotypes, followed by undue influence (51%) and then concern (34%), BD (28%) and BMI (32%).ConclusionsIn terms of shared genetic risk, undue influence and concern were more closely related than BD, whereas BMI and BD were found to share common sources of risk. With respect to environmental risk factors, concern, BMI and BD were more closely related to each other than to undue influence.

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