Chronodisruption: Origin, Roots, and Developments of an 18-Year-Old Concept. Comment on Desmet et al. Time-Restricted Feeding in Mice Prevents the Disruption of the Peripheral Circadian Clocks and Its Metabolic Impact during Chronic Jetlag. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3846

Thomas C. Erren; Claus Piekarski; Russel J. Reiter

doi:10.3390/nu14020315

Chronodisruption: Origin, Roots, and Developments of an 18-Year-Old Concept. Comment on Desmet et al. Time-Restricted Feeding in Mice Prevents the Disruption of the Peripheral Circadian Clocks and Its Metabolic Impact during Chronic Jetlag. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3846

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14020315 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 315 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thomas C. Erren ◽

Claus Piekarski ◽

Russel J. Reiter

Keyword(s):

Circadian Clocks ◽

Restricted Feeding

We read with interest the article by Desmet and colleagues entitled “Time-Restricted Feeding in Mice Prevents the Disruption of the Peripheral Circadian Clocks and Its Metabolic Impact during Chronic Jetlag” [...]

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Circadian rhythms of gastrointestinal function are regulated by both central and peripheral oscillators

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00369.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 303 (4) ◽

pp. G461-G473 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jaclyn N. Malloy ◽

Jiffin K. Paulose ◽

Ye Li ◽

Vincent M. Cassone

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Circadian Clocks ◽

Constant Darkness ◽

Restricted Feeding ◽

Chemical Sympathectomy ◽

Surgical Ablation ◽

Peripheral Oscillators ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

6 Hydroxydopamine

Circadian clocks are responsible for daily rhythms in a wide array of processes, including gastrointestinal (GI) function. These are vital for normal digestive rhythms and overall health. Previous studies demonstrated circadian clocks within the cells of GI tissue. The present study examines the roles played by the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), master circadian pacemaker for overt circadian rhythms, and the sympathetic nervous system in regulation of circadian GI rhythms in the mouse Mus musculus . Surgical ablation of the SCN abolishes circadian locomotor, feeding, and stool output rhythms when animals are presented with food ad libitum, while restricted feeding reestablishes these rhythms temporarily. In intact mice, chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine has no effect on feeding and locomotor rhythmicity in light-dark cycles or constant darkness but attenuates stool weight and stool number rhythms. Again, however, restricted feeding reestablishes rhythms in locomotor activity, feeding, and stool output rhythms. Ex vivo, intestinal tissue from PER2::LUC transgenic mice expresses circadian rhythms of luciferase bioluminescence. Chemical sympathectomy has little effect on these rhythms, but timed administration of the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol causes a phase-dependent shift in PERIOD2 expression rhythms. Collectively, the data suggest that the SCN are required to maintain feeding, locomotor, and stool output rhythms during ad libitum conditions, acting at least in part through daily activation of sympathetic activity. Even so, this input is not necessary for entrainment to timed feeding, which may be the province of oscillators within the intestines themselves or other components of the GI system.

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