scholarly journals Higher Iron Intake Is Independently Associated with Obesity in Younger Japanese Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Efrem d’Ávila Ferreira ◽  
Mariko Hatta ◽  
Yasunaga Takeda ◽  
Chika Horikawa ◽  
Mizuki Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age

We aimed to analyze the association between dietary iron intake and obesity assessed by BMI after adjustment for nutrient intake (macronutrients and fiber) and food groups. The study design was cross-sectional. Patients with type-2 diabetes (n = 1567; 63.1% males; mean age 62.3 ± 11.6 years) were included in the study. To assess diet, consumption of typical food groups was determined by a food frequency questionnaire. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. We performed a binary regression analysis between quartiles of iron intake and obesity by quartiles of age group. A direct linear association was found for the highest quartile of iron intake and obesity in the younger age group of 30 to 54 years (OR = 3.641, 95% CI = 1.020–12.990; p trend = 0.011). Multivariate analysis using food groups as opposed to nutrients revealed a positive trend for obesity in the younger age group after adjusting for lifestyle factors, energy intake and bean and vegetable intake (p trend = 0.023). In all participants, an inverse association was observed before adjustment by vegetable intake (OR = 0.453, 95% CI = 0.300–0.684; p trend = 0.001). Higher iron intake was associated with obesity independent of macronutrient and fiber intake but only in the youngest quartile of age group examined.

scholarly journals Sodium Intake and Incidence of Diabetes Complications in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes—Analysis of Data from the Japanese Elderly Diabetes Intervention Study (J-EDIT)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
Chika Horikawa ◽  
Rei Aida ◽  
Shiro Tanaka ◽  
Chiemi Kamada ◽  
Sachiko Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Increased Risk

This study investigates the associations between sodium intake and diabetes complications in a nationwide cohort of elderly Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes aged 65–85. Data from 912 individuals regarding their dietary intake at baseline is analyzed and assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire based on food groups. Primary outcomes are times to diabetic retinopathy, overt nephropathy, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality during six years. We find that mean sodium intake in quartiles ranges from 2.5 g to 5.9 g/day. After adjustment for confounders, no significant associations are observed between sodium intake quartiles and incidence of diabetes complications and mortality, except for a significant trend for an increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (p = 0.039). Among patients whose vegetable intake was less than the average of 268.7 g, hazard ratios (HRs) for diabetic retinopathy in patients in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of sodium intake compared with the first quartile were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.31–2.41), 2.61 (1.00–6.83), and 3.70 (1.37–10.02), respectively. Findings indicate that high sodium intake under conditions of low vegetable intake is associated with an elevated incidence of diabetic retinopathy in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Sanjay Parihar ◽  
Rajesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
History Of

Background: Depression can be viewed as a modifiable independent risk factor for the development of T2DM and for progression of complications from either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The recognition and addressal of this association can have profound implications for prevention and treatment of these disorders. Objectives of this study the prevalence of depression among patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the sociodemographic profile and the details of the diabetes and its treatment and history of other chronic diseases. Beck depression inventory (BDS-II) was used for evaluation of depression and 8 item Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8) was used for measurement of patient’s adherence to medication.Results: Majority of the potential cases of depression (33%) were in the age group of 51-60 years. 62% of the patients were male. Majority of the patients (40%) were in the age group of 51-60 years. 73.4% of the married patients were potential cases of depression. 78% of the patients were having family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Majority of the patients (72%) were overweight or obese (BMI> 25kg/m2).Conclusion: Duration of diabetes and duration of treatment was 5-10 years in majority of the patients and were significantly associated with prevalence of depression. Prevalence of depression was associated with sex, religion, and family history but was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Calcium Phosphate Product Is Associated with Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ramírez-Morros ◽  
Minerva Granado-Casas ◽  
Nuria Alcubierre ◽  
Montserrat Martinez-Alonso ◽  
Jordi Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aims. To assess whether circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25OHD) and mineral metabolism-related factors (serum phosphate, calcium, and parathormone) are associated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCA), defined as the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques (main study outcome), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without kidney disease or previous cardiovascular disease.Methods.We undertook a post hoc analysis of a cross-sectional study in adults with T2DM in whom we evaluated SCA. A total of 303 subjects with T2DM were included. Clinical variables and carotid ultrasound imaging were obtained.Results. We found no association of 25OHD with the presence of SCA. However, calcium phosphate (CaP; mg2/dL2) product was positively associated with the presence of carotid plaques (ORadj = 1.078; 95% CI: 1.017–1.142). An inverse association was observed between higher levels of 25OHD (≥30 ng/mL versus <20 ng/mL concentrations) and common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT; mm) (βadj ± SE = −0.055 ± 0.024). We conclude that the CaP product is independently associated with the presence of established subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals The role of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet food groups in blood pressure in type 2 diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Pedroso de Paula ◽  
Thais Steemburgo ◽  
Jussara Carnevale de Almeida ◽  
Valesca Dall'Alba ◽  
Jorge Luiz Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dash Diet

The role of each Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet component in blood pressure (BP) of patients with diabetes is still uncertain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible associations of the recommended food groups of the DASH diet eating plan with BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the present cross-sectional study, 225 patients with type 2 diabetes (age 61·1 (sd10·4) years; diabetes duration 13·1 (sd9·1) years; males 48·4 %; BMI 28·5 (sd4·3) kg/m2; HbA1c 7·1 (sd1·3) %; systolic BP 136·7 (sd20·0) mmHg; diastolic BP 78·4 (sd11·8) mmHg) without dietary counselling during the previous 6 months had their dietary intake assessed by 3 d weighed-diet records. Patients were divided into two groups according to BP tertiles: LOW BP (first tertile) and HIGH BP (second plus third tertiles). Multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated that the daily intake of 80 g of fruits per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) (OR 0·781; 95 % CI 0·617, 0·987;P = 0·039) or 50 g of vegetables per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) (OR 0·781; 95 % CI 0·618, 0·988;P = 0·040) reduced the chance of the presence of HIGH mean BP (MBP ≥ 92 mmHg) by 22 % each, adjusted for possible confounders. In conclusion, fruit and vegetables were the food groups of the DASH diet associated with reduced BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes, and their consumption might play a protective role against increased BP values.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the prevalence of obesity in 800,000 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Fang Lv ◽  
Xiaoling Cai ◽  
Chu Lin ◽  
Tianpei Hong ◽  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
General Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Males And Females

Aims To estimate the sex differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity aged 20–89 in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods 811,264 patients with T2D from six hospital-based, cross-sectional studies, and 46,053 subjects from the general population were included in our analysis. Prevalence of underweight, overweight, obesity were calculated in each sex. Results In patients with T2D, the standardized prevalence of underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), overweight (24 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2), and general obesity (BMI ≥28 kg/m2) were 2.2%, 43.2%, and 11.6%, respectively. Similar trend patterns of the prevalence of underweight and overweight were observed in general and T2D population, in males and females with T2D (all P for trend <0.01). In patients with T2D, patients at a younger age and older age were more likely to be underweight. The prevalence of overweight increased first, then stabilized or decreased with age. However, different trend patterns of the prevalence of obesity in males and females were found. In males, the prevalence of obesity decreased first, and then stabilized after 60 years of age. In females, the prevalence of obesity decreased first, then increased after 50 years of age. In the general population, the prevalence of obesity increased with age in females, while, the trend of prevalence of obesity with age in males was not obvious. Conclusion Different trends in the prevalence of obesity with age in different sex were found in Chinese patients with T2D.

scholarly journals NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without overt heart failure: a hospital based cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Sanjay Varma ◽  
Archana Toppo ◽  
Khagdev Ram ◽  
Rajeev Lochan Khare ◽  
Yogendra Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Increased secretion of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) occurs mainly with increased tension in the ventricular walls, decreased oxygen supply, acute myocardial infarction, chronic cardiac heart failure, and in hypertrophy of the heart. Objective was to find out the prevalence and profile of NT-pro BNP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without overt heart failure.Methods: Hospital based cross sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Pt. JNM Medical College and associated Dr. BRAM Hospital Raipur, Chhattisgarh involving 106 patients of type 2 DM during the period of April 2019 to April 2020, after ethical approval from institutional ethical committee.Results: The levels of NT pro BNP was found to be elevated in 87.7% patients of DM type 2. Majority of them were from 51-60 years age group (35.5%). Elevated NT proBNP levels was seen in 23.58% of patients having grade I diastolic dysfunction, 3.7% patients with grade II diastolic dysfunction and 1.88% patients having grade III diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography out of the 106 patients. Regardless of presence of diastolic dysfunction on echo, 93 (87.73%) patients out of the total study group of 106 patients had elevated BNP suggesting cardiac dysfunction. In the present study, 30.19% patients with diabetes were found to have varying degrees of diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography.Conclusions: The prevalence of elevated NT pro BNP was 87.7%. Commonly observed age group with elevated NT pro BNP was 51-60 years. NT pro BNP was elevated in 88.7% of males and in 88.36% of females. Prevalence of elevated NT pro BNP was higher in grade 1 diastolic dysfunction with DM duration of more than 5 years (33.3%). Higher prevalence of elevated NT pro BNP was seen in grade I diastolic dysfunction (23.58%). 

scholarly journals Severe Vitamin D Deficiency in Saudi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
K.S. Aljabri ◽  
S. A. Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Vitamin ◽  
The Mean

Introduction It has been demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a cross sectional study to investigate the prevalence severe vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM. Method A cross-sectional single centre study was conducted in 4053 patients with T2DM. Patients with T2DM attended the Diabetes Centre at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between January 2018 and December 2018 were recruited. Results There were 4053 patients with T2DM, 1145 male and 2908 female (28 % vs.72% respectively). The mean age was 53.9 ±16.5 years. The mean and median 25-OHD concentrations were 57.8±30.5 and 51.9 respectively. Severe vitamin D deficiency (25-OHD<25 nmol/l) was found in 1916 (9.5%). Moreover, severe vitamin D deficiency was not statistically significant more prevalent among females than males with male to female ratio 1:2.3 (70% vs. 30% respectively, p=0.6). In addition, severe vitamin D deficient patients were statistically significant younger than non-vitamin D deficient (48.0±16.7 vs. 54.6±16.3 respectively, p<0.0001). Severe vitamin D deficient patients have statistically significant higher HbA1c than non-vitamin D deficient (8.3 ±2.3 vs. 7.6±1.9 respectively, p<0.0001). The mean 25-OHD was upward as age advanced with highest frequency of vitamin D deficiency was found in the age group ≥60 years (27%) with males statistically significant most frequent than females in the age group ≥60 years (39 s, 22 respectively, p=0.003). Regression analysis of odd ratio of risk factors for patients with severe vitamin D deficiency showed that age and HbA1c were statistically significant associated with vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions The prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency in patients with T2DM is low and that more females with T2DM are affected with vitamin D deficiency than males.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a risk indicator for colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2070
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ahmed ◽  
Salamat Khandker ◽  
A. B. M. Alauddin Chowdhury ◽  
Naym Uddin Roby ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Inverse Association

Background: Worldwide, colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer and affects both men and women equally. Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal glucose metabolism may be associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this case control study was to determine the association of colorectal cancer with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) and other risk factors of colorectal cancer among adult Bangladeshi population.Methods: We included patients of colorectal cancer as cases and the controls were mostly cancer patients other than colorectal cancer and relatives of the patients attending in National Institute of Cancer Research Hospital (NICRH) in Dhaka. Three hundred samples (100 cases and 200 controls) were selected purposively.Results: It was found that in cases 19% participants had T2 DM before colorectal cancer whereas 10.5% participants in controls had similar history. Appropriate statistical analysis reported that cases having T2 DM has 2.86 times higher chance to develop colorectal cancer (OR 2.68, 95% CI: 1.21-5.96) compared to controls. We also got significant inverse association with colorectal cancer with obesity (OR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19-0.97), positive smoking history (OR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.19-0.60) and low fruits and vegetable intake (OR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.19-0.60).Conclusions: This was a unique study for Bangladesh which showed results consistent with the finding of studies done globally. Therefore, we accept our research hypothesis as T2 DM is a risk indicator for colorectal cancer, however obesity, smoking and less fruits and vegetable intake are also risk factors for colorectal cancer among Bangladeshi population.

scholarly journals Interaction Effect Between Copy Number Variation in Salivary Amylase Locus (AMY1) and Starch Intake on Glucose Homeostasis in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Koder Hamid ◽  
Johanna Andersson-Assarsson ◽  
Ulrika Ericson ◽  
Emily Sonestedt
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Copy Number Variation ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Number Variation

Salivary amylase initiates the digestion of starch and it has been hypothesized that salivary amylase may play a role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The aim was to examine the interaction between copy number variation in the salivary amylase gene AMY1 and starch intake. We studied 3,624 adults without diabetes or elevated blood glucose in the Malmö Diet Cancer cohort. We assessed the associations and interactions between starch intake, AMY1 copies and glucose homeostasis traits (i.e., fasting plasma glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR) and risk of type 2 diabetes over an average of 18 follow-up years. AMY1 copy number was not associated with glucose, insulin or HOMA-IR. We observed a significant interaction between starch intake and AMY1 copies on insulin and HOMA-IR after adjusting for potential confounders (p &lt; 0.05). The inverse association between starch intake and insulin and HOMA-IR was stronger in the group with 10 or more copies (Ptrend &lt; 0.001). In addition, we observed an inverse association between starch intake and type 2 diabetes in the group with 10 or more copies (ptrend = 0.003), but not in the other groups. This cross-sectional observational study suggests that AMY1 copy numbers might interact with starch intake on glucose homeostasis traits. Interventional studies are required to determine whether individuals with high AMY1 copy numbers may benefit from a high starch intake.

scholarly journals A Global Diet Quality Index and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in U.S. Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1401-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Fung ◽  
Sabri Bromage ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Shilpa Bhupathiraju ◽  
Carolina Batis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Health Lifestyle

Abstract Objectives No tool to measure diet quality on the global scale currently exist. At the same time, type 2 diabetes is a global issue for women, including those under age 50. As part of an effort to develop an instrument to assess diet quality, this analysis the ability of a global diet quality score to predict type 2 diabetes in women in a high-income country. Therefore, the objective of this analysis is to examine prospectively the association between the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) and risk of type 2 diabetes, and potential differences in association by age, among U.S. women. Methods Health, lifestyle, and diet information was collected from women (n = 88,520) in the Nurses’ Health Study II through repeated questionnaires between 1991 and 2017. The GDQS consisted of 25 food groups and points were awarded for higher intake of healthy groups and lower intake of unhealthy groups (maximum of 49 points). Multivariable hazard ratios (HR) were computed for confirmed type 2 diabetes using Cox proportional hazards models. Results We ascertained 6319 incident type 2 diabetes during follow-up. The multivariable HR comparing top to bottom quintile of GDQS was 0.83 (95% CI = 0.76–0.91, p trend &lt; 0.001). The association for women under age 50 was 0.77 (0.68–0.88, p trend &lt; 0.001) and for age 50+ was 0.69 (0.52–0.93, p trend &lt; 0.001) with no significant interaction. Analysis of the healthy and unhealthy subscores of the GDQS showed an inverse association with lower intake of unhealthy components (HR comparing top to bottom quintile of the unhealthy subscore = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.62–0.77, p trend &lt; 0.001) but not higher intake of healthy components. The inverse association for each 1-SD increase in the GDQS (HR = 0.93, CI = 0.91–0.96) was stronger (P &lt; 0.001) than the Minimum Diet Diversity score for Women (MDDW) (HR = 1.00, CI = 0.94–1.04) but slightly weaker (P = 0.03) than the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) (HR = 0.91, CI = 0.88–0.94). Conclusions A higher GDQS was inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk in U.S. women, mainly due to lower intake of unhealthy foods. The association did not appear to differ by age. The GDQS performed nearly as well as the AHEI-2010. Funding Sources Funding for this work was provided by Intake - Center for Dietary Assessment at FHI Solutions.

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