Association between Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis and the Physical Activity—Sedentary Profile of Adolescents with Obesity: A Complementary Analysis of the Beta-JUDO Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Valérie Julian ◽  
Iris Ciba ◽  
Roger Olsson ◽  
Marie Dahlbom ◽  
Dieter Furthner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Syndrome Diagnosis ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Complementary Analysis

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents with obesity and places them at an increased risk of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, the associations between objectively measured movement-related behaviors and MetS diagnosis remain unexplored in youths with obesity. The aim was to compare profiles of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED+ vs. less sedentary, SED−), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA+ vs. less active, MVPA−) and combinations of behaviors (SED−/MVPA+, SED−/MVPA−, SED+/MVPA+, SED+/MVPA−) regarding the MetS diagnosis. One hundred and thirty-four adolescents with obesity (13.4 ± 2.2 years) underwent 24 h/7 day accelerometry, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG) and insulin-resistance (IR) assessments. Cumulative cardiometabolic risk was assessed by using (i) MetS status (usual dichotomic definition) and (ii) cardiometabolic risk z-score (MetScore, mean of standardized WC, BP, IR, TG and inverted HDL-c). SED− vs. SED+ and MVPA+ vs. MVPA− had lower MetS (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) and MetScore (p < 0.001). SED−/MVPA+ had the lowest risk. While SED and MVPA times were lower in SED−/MVPA− vs. SED+/MVPA+ (p < 0.001), MetScore was lower in SED−/MVPA− independently of body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05). MVPA, but not SED, time was independently associated with MetS diagnosis (p < 0.05). Both MVPA (p < 0.01) and SED times (p < 0.05) were associated with MetScore independently of each other. A higher MVPA and lower SED time are associated with lower cumulative cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues ◽  
Neiva Leite ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho e Silva ◽  
João Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Raul A. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Run Test

Background:Associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with lifestyle behaviors in youth is potentially important for identifying subgroups at risk and encourage interventions. This study evaluates the associations among the clustering of metabolic risk factors and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in youth.Methods:The sample comprised 522 girls and 402 boys (N = 924) aged 11 to 17 years. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressures were measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test. MVPA was estimated with a 3-day diary. Outcome variables were statistically normalized and expressed as z scores. A clustered metabolic risk score was computed as the mean of z scores. Multiple linear regression was used to test associations between metabolic risk and MVPA by sex, adjusted for age, WC, and CRF.Results:After adjustment for potential confounders, MVPA was inversely associated with the clustering of metabolic risk factors in girls, but not in boys; in addition, after adjusting for WC, the statistical model of that relationship was substantially improved in girls.Conclusion:MVPA was independently associated with increased risk of MetS in girls. Additional efforts are needed to encourage research with different analytical approach and standardization of criteria for MetS in youth.

Differences in physical function and metabolic syndrome risk factors according to the level of physical activity in elderly Korean men: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Mineral Density

Background and objective: Managing the decrease in physical function in the elderly is a major task in aging societies globally. Here, we aimed to compare the physical function and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors according to levels of physical activity (PA). Material and methods: We measured PA in 77 elderly Korean men (74.21 ± 6.26 years old) with an accelerometer and recorded body composition, physical function, and MetS-related risk factors. Participants were divided into three groups based on daily moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA): low (under 60 min), middle (60-120 min), and high (over 120 min). The groups were compared using a one-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe post hoc test. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Results: Significant differences were found between the groups for sedentary behavior time (P < 0.001), light PA (P < 0.05), moderate PA (P < 0.001), vigorous PA (P < 0.05), and total energy expenditure (P < 0.001). The high PA group showed a significantly lower percentage of body fat and fat mass and higher muscle mass than did the low and middle PA groups (P < 0.05). The 6-min walk test was significantly better in the high PA group than in the low and middle PA groups (P < 0.05). Grip strength and the Berg balance scale were also significantly better in the high PA group (P < 0.05). Bone mineral density (BMD) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly higher in the high PA group than in the low PA group (P < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher in the middle PA group than in the low PA group (P < 0.05). Participants with more than three MetS criteria showed an OR of 0.09 (95% confidence interval 0.01-0.82) in the high PA group as compared with the low PA group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Moderate-vigorous physical activity of more than 120 min daily showed better physical function and lower OR of MetS than did lower MVPA levels in elderly Korean men.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Amanda E. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

scholarly journals Do differences in compositional time use explain ethnic variation in the prevalence of obesity in children? Analyses using 24-hour accelerometry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Taylor ◽  
JJ Haszard ◽  
VL Farmer ◽  
R Richards ◽  
Lisa Te Morenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Log Ratio

© 2019, Springer Nature Limited. Background/Objectives: Whether variation in sleep and physical activity explain marked ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity is unclear. As time spent in one behaviour influences time spent in other behaviours across the 24-hour day, compositional analyses are essential. The aims of this study were to determine how ethnicity and socioeconomic status influence compositional time use in children, and whether differences in compositional time use explain variation in body mass index (BMI) z-score and obesity prevalence across ethnic groups. Methods: In all, 690 children (58% European, 20% Māori, 13% Pacific, 9% Asian; 66% low-medium deprivation and 34% high deprivation) aged 6–10 years wore an ActiGraph accelerometer 24-hours a day for 5 days yielding data on sedentary time, sleep, light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Height and weight were measured using standard techniques and BMI z-scores calculated. Twenty-four hour movement data were transformed into isometric log-ratio co-ordinates for multivariable regression analysis and effect sizes were back-transformed. Results: European children spent more time asleep (predicted difference in minutes, 95% CI: 16.1, 7.4–24.9) and in MVPA (6.6 min, 2.4–10.4), and less time sedentary (−10.2 min, −19.8 to −0.6) and in LPA (−12.2 min, −21.0 to −3.5) than non-European children. Overall, 10% more sleep was associated with a larger difference in BMI z-score (adjusted difference, 95% CI: −0.13, −0.25 to −0.01) than 10% more MVPA (−0.06, −0.09 to −0.03). Compositional time use explained 35% of the increased risk of obesity in Pacific compared with European children after adjustment for age, sex, deprivation and diet, but only 9% in Māori and 24% in Asian children. Conclusions: Ethnic differences in compositional time use explain a relatively small proportion of the ethnic differences in obesity prevalence that exist in children.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mobile Health Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Sequi-Dominguez ◽  
Celia Alvarez-Bueno ◽  
Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino ◽  
Rubén Fernandez-Rodriguez ◽  
Alicia del Saz Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions

BACKGROUND Physical activity and lifestyle interventions, such as a healthy diet, have been proven to be effective approaches to manage metabolic syndrome. However, these interventions require great commitment from patients and clinicians owing to their economic costs, time consumption, and lack of immediate results. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effect of mobile-based health interventions for reducing cardiometabolic risk through the promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle behaviors. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTdiscus databases were searched for experimental studies evaluating cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome who were included in technology-assisted physical activity and lifestyle interventions. Effect sizes, pooled mean changes, and their respective 95% CIs were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method. Outcomes included the following clinical and biochemical parameters: body composition (waist circumference [WC] and BMI), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]), glucose tolerance (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] and glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA<sub>1c</sub>]), and lipid profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglycerides). RESULTS A total of nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. Owing to the scarcity of studies, only pooled mean pre-post changes in the intervention groups were estimated. Significant mean changes were observed for BMI (−1.70 kg/m2, 95% CI −3.20 to −0.20; effect size: −0.46; <i>P</i>=.03), WC (−5.77 cm, 95% CI −9.76 to −1.77; effect size: −0.54; <i>P</i>=.005), SBP (−7.33 mmHg, 95% CI −13.25 to −1.42; effect size: −0.43; <i>P</i>=.02), DBP (−3.90 mmHg, 95% CI −7.70 to −0.11; effect size: −0.44; <i>P</i>=.04), FPG (−3.65 mg/dL, 95% CI −4.79 to −2.51; effect size: −0.39; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), and HDL-C (4.19 mg/dL, 95% CI 2.43-5.95; effect size: 0.23; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, mobile-based health interventions aimed at promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyle changes had a strong positive effect on cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, further research is required to compare this approach with usual care in order to support the incorporation of these technologies in health systems. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42019125461; https://tinyurl.com/y3t4wog4.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Preschool Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin A. Pfeiffer ◽  
Marsha Dowda ◽  
Kerry L. McIver ◽  
Russell R. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Parent Perceptions ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Parent Perception ◽  
Athletic Competence ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

This study examined correlates of objectively measured physical activity (PA) in a diverse sample of preschool children (age 3–5 years; n = 331). Accelerometer min·hr−1 of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and nonsedentary activity (NSA) were the outcome measures. Correlations among potential correlates and PA ranged from r = −0.12−0.26. Correlates in the final MVPA model were age, race, sex, BMI Z score, and parent perception of athletic competence, explaining 37% of the variance. The NSA model included the latter two variables, explaining 35% of the variance. Demographic factors were correlates of PA; parent perceptions of children’s competence may be important regarding preschoolers’ PA.

scholarly journals Do differences in compositional time use explain ethnic variation in the prevalence of obesity in children? Analyses using 24-hour accelerometry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Taylor ◽  
JJ Haszard ◽  
VL Farmer ◽  
R Richards ◽  
Lisa Te Morenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Log Ratio

© 2019, Springer Nature Limited. Background/Objectives: Whether variation in sleep and physical activity explain marked ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity is unclear. As time spent in one behaviour influences time spent in other behaviours across the 24-hour day, compositional analyses are essential. The aims of this study were to determine how ethnicity and socioeconomic status influence compositional time use in children, and whether differences in compositional time use explain variation in body mass index (BMI) z-score and obesity prevalence across ethnic groups. Methods: In all, 690 children (58% European, 20% Māori, 13% Pacific, 9% Asian; 66% low-medium deprivation and 34% high deprivation) aged 6–10 years wore an ActiGraph accelerometer 24-hours a day for 5 days yielding data on sedentary time, sleep, light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Height and weight were measured using standard techniques and BMI z-scores calculated. Twenty-four hour movement data were transformed into isometric log-ratio co-ordinates for multivariable regression analysis and effect sizes were back-transformed. Results: European children spent more time asleep (predicted difference in minutes, 95% CI: 16.1, 7.4–24.9) and in MVPA (6.6 min, 2.4–10.4), and less time sedentary (−10.2 min, −19.8 to −0.6) and in LPA (−12.2 min, −21.0 to −3.5) than non-European children. Overall, 10% more sleep was associated with a larger difference in BMI z-score (adjusted difference, 95% CI: −0.13, −0.25 to −0.01) than 10% more MVPA (−0.06, −0.09 to −0.03). Compositional time use explained 35% of the increased risk of obesity in Pacific compared with European children after adjustment for age, sex, deprivation and diet, but only 9% in Māori and 24% in Asian children. Conclusions: Ethnic differences in compositional time use explain a relatively small proportion of the ethnic differences in obesity prevalence that exist in children.

The relationship between metabolic syndrome, cytokines and physical activity in obese youth with and without Prader-Willi syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 837-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey L. McAlister ◽  
Koren L. Fisher ◽  
Marilyn C. Dumont-Driscoll ◽  
Daniela A. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between adiposity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), cytokines and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in youth with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and non-syndromic obesity (OB). Methods: Twenty-one youth with PWS and 34 with OB aged 8–15 years participated. Measurements included body composition, blood pressure, fasting blood markers for glucose control, lipids and inflammation and MVPA. Group differences for adiposity, MetS, blood parameters and MVPA were determined using independent t-tests and chi-square (χ2) analyses. Bivariate correlations and analysis of variance (ANOVA) examined the associations between adiposity, MetS severity, cytokines and MVPA. Results: PWS presented similar percentage of body fat (%), lower body mass index (BMI) z-scores, insulin resistance, triglycerides, MetS severity, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and MVPA and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and adiponectin (ADP) than OB. Fewer PWS presented MetS based on BMI z-score (61.9% vs. 91.2%) and glucose (14.3% vs. 44.1%) compared to OB. In all youth, MetS severity was significantly associated with body fat %, ADP, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and TNF-α and also with CRP in PWS, but associations became non-significant for CRP and IL-6 when controlling for body fat %. In PWS, those with low MVPA had significantly higher TNF-α than those with high MVPA (1.80±0.45 vs. 1.39±0.26 pg/mL). Conclusions: Although PWS presented better cardiometabolic profiles than OB and lower MetS risk, associations between body fat, MetS and cytokines were somewhat similar for both groups, with the exception of CRP. Results suggest a potential role for MVPA related to MetS and inflammation and extend associations shown in OB to PWS.

Physical Activity Interacts With Adiposity in Determining Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Banks ◽  
Cedric Manlhiot ◽  
Stafford W. Dobbin ◽  
Don Gibson ◽  
Karen Stearne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been negatively associated with cardiometabolic risk. We sought to determine if MVPA interacts with body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in determining cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study included cardiometabolic risk (blood pressure [BP], nonfasting lipids) screening and a 7-day recall physical activity questionnaire in 4,104 adolescents (51% male; mean age: 14.6 ± 0.5 years old). WC- and BMI- percentiles were used to define anthropometric categories (including obese adolescents: 390th WC, 385th BMI). Results: Obesity in adolescents was associated with lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol (Estimate [EST]: -0.28(0.07) mmol/L, p < .001) and higher non-HDL cholesterol (EST: +0.38(0.14) mmol/L, p = .008). Each additional day with 320 min of MVPA was associated with lower non-HDL cholesterol (EST: −0.014(0.005) mmol/L/days/week, p = .003), independent of anthropometric category. Each additional day with 320 min of MVPA was associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) for higher BP category in obese adolescents (OR: 1.055, 95% CI: 1.028−1.084, p < .001) and a lower odds ratio for higher BP category in presumably-muscular adolescents (OR: 0.968, 95% CI: 0.934−0.989, p = .005). Conclusions: An increase in MVPA was associated with an increased likelihood for higher BP category in obese adolescents. The dose-response relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic risk needs to be evaluated in adolescents of varying anthropometry categories.

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