scholarly journals Dietary Animal to Plant Protein Ratio Is Associated with Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Participants of the AHS-2 Calibration Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4296
Author(s):  
Bahar Azemati ◽  
Sujatha Rajaram ◽  
Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽  
Ella H. Haddad ◽  
David Shavlik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Calibration Study

Background: Few research studies have focused on the effects of dietary protein on metabolic syndrome and its components. Our objective was to determine the relationship between the type of dietary protein intake and animal to plant (AP) protein ratio with metabolic syndrome and its components. Methods: This population-based study had a cross sectional design and conducted on 518 participants of the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2) Calibration Study. Two sets of three dietary 24-h recalls were obtained six months apart. Anthropometric measures and biochemical tests were performed in clinics. Regression calibration models were used to determine the association of type of dietary protein with metabolic syndrome and its components (raised triglyceride, raised blood pressure, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), raised fasting blood glucose and increased waist circumference). Results: The likelihood of metabolic syndrome was lower in those with higher total dietary protein and animal protein intake (p = 0.02).Total protein (β = 0.004, [95%CI: 0.002, 0.007]), animal protein intake (β = 0.004, [95%CI: 0.001, 0.007]) and AP protein intake ratio (β = 0.034, [95%CI: 0.021, 0.047]) were positively associated with waist circumference. Higher AP protein ratio was related to higher fasting blood glucose (β = 0.023, [95%CI: 0.005, 0.041]). Conclusion: Our study suggests that considering a significant amount of plant protein as a part of total dietary protein has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals The Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum Reduce Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: A Clinical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara De Martin ◽  
Daniela Gabbia ◽  
Maria Carrara ◽  
Nicola Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels

Fucus vesiculosus and Ascophyllum nodosum have been traditionally used for the treatment of obesity and several gastrointestinal diseases. We have recently demonstrated that the phytocomplex obtained from these algae (Gdue™) controls postprandial glucose levels in a mouse model of steatohepatitis, a condition often associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We analyzed the effect of Gdue™ on HOMA index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in overweight or obese subjects. Waist circumference decreased significantly after 6 months of treatment (112 ± 17 at t0 vs 105 ± 13 cm after 6 months of treatment; p<0.0001). Both blood glucose and insulin levels were significantly reduced after 6 months of treatment with Gdue™ (110 ± 15 at t0 vs 98 ± 15 mg/dL after 6 months for glucose; p<0.0001; 22.6 ± 9.5 at t0 vs 17.8 ± 8.6 μU/mL after 6 months for insulin; p<0.05). Accordingly, HOMA index decreased significantly (6.103 ± 2.548 at t0 vs 4.419 ± 2.382 after 6 months; p<0.01), suggesting an improvement of insulin sensitivity status. This phytocomplex represents a useful dietary supplement for controlling relevant metabolic syndrome risk factors, such as waist circumference, fasting insulin and glucose levels.

scholarly journals Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors among human immunodeficiency virus patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in North central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2892
Author(s):  
Rifkatu S. Reng ◽  
Gerald A. Onwuegbuzie ◽  
Muaz Salisu ◽  
Felicia Anumah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Highly Active

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex disorder defined by cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Use of Highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients is associated with metabolic syndrome which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of MS among HAART treated HIV patients and HAART naïve patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated 581 (396 females, 184 males) consenting HIV patents in the hospital. Clinical characteristics, anthropometry, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin, CD4 cell counts and viral load were determined using appropriate standard techniques. MS was defined using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) cut-off values.Results: The overall prevalence of MS was 10.7%, with more females 52 (13.1%) than males 10 (5.4%), p=0.005. MS in patients on HAART was 58 (15.1%) and HAART naive 4 (2.0%). Overall, waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic blood pressure (BP), triglycerides and fasting blood glucose were 82.7±11.5, 22.7±, 120.6±17.6, 77.5±10.6, 1.1±0.7 and 5.1±1.9 respectively. Patients with MS had significantly higher (p<0.05) waist circumference (94.1 vs 81.3 cm), BMI (24.8 vs 22.5 kg/m2), systolic BP (135.4 vs 118.8 mmHg), diastolic BP (86.2 vs 76.5 mmHg), triglycerides (1.3 vs 1.0 mmol/l) and fasting blood glucose (6.3 vs 4.9 mmol/l).  Insulin resistance (IR) was higher in patients with MS 11.8(7.9) compared with patients without MS 5.5 (6.8) p=0.02.Conclusions: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this study was lower than that reported in previous works, the prevalence is much higher in the HAART treated patients. The risk of MS were high triglycerides, hypertension and abnormal fasting blood glucose. There was significant association with the traditional risk factors, age, female gender and HIV duration. 

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome: Comparison of Newly Proposed IDF, Modified ATP III and WHO Criteria and their Agreements

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Mainuddin ◽  
KN Choudhury ◽  
KR Ahmed ◽  
S Akter ◽  
N Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) results from clustering of cardiovascular risk factors occurring in association with insulin resistance and obesity. With the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, MS is of keen interest in research. The disorder is defined in various ways, but one consolidated definition is needed to make studies comparable worldwide. The study was to determine the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Bangladesh and comparison of newly proposed definition of International Diabetes Federation (IDF), modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria and their agreements. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based study. We randomly selected 229 participants. After obtaining informed written consent data collectors collected data by interview, clinical examination, anthropometric measurement and investigations. We calculated independent sample t-test means between to distinguish which risk factors were present in participants with and without MS, using SPSS v17. Results: The percentage of risk factors of MS among subjects according to different criteria was 72% of Modified ATP-III, 69% of IDF and 39% of WHO definition .In Modified NCEP ATP III when did independent sample t-test mean of BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride were present statistically significant difference between without MS and with MS (p<0.05). According to WHO criteria BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose were statistically significant (p<0.05) and similarly fasting blood glucose & triglyceride were statistically significant difference between without MS and with MS (p<0.05) according to IDF criteria.ATP III and WHO criteria showed good agreement (k 0.56) compared to ATP III with IDF (k 0.31) and WHO with IDF (k 0.11) criteria. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in Bangladesh. We detected the highest proportion of participants with MS using the ATP III definition, which emphasizes the predominant focus on the modified waist circumference for Asian participants. However, MS prevalence following WHO criteria in those with impaired glucose regulation is comparable with ATP III definition. Follow up study needed to examine the significance of MS following all definitions for the assessment of risk for diabetes and or cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular Journal Volume 6, No. 1, 2013, Page 17-22 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v6i1.16110

scholarly journals Heritability of the risk factors characteristic for the metabolic syndrome: a twin study

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (32) ◽  
pp. 1265-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Jermendy ◽  
Levente Littvay ◽  
Rita Steinbach ◽  
Ádám Jermendy ◽  
Ádám Tárnoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Both genetic and environmental factors play role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. The magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on the components of metabolic syndrome may vary in different populations. Aims: The present study was aimed to determine the effects of genetic and environmental factors on risk factors characteristic for the metabolic syndrome. Methods: A total of 101 (63 monozygotic and 38 dizygotic) adult twin pairs (n = 202; mean age: 43.3±15.8 years) were investigated. Medical history was recorded and physical examination was carried out for each subject. Fasting venous blood samples were used for measuring laboratory parameters. The presented estimates include the heritability structural equation (A-C-E) model results. In Model-1, all presented parameters are age- and gender- corrected. In Model-2, parameters were corrected for age, gender, body mass index and waist circumference. Results: Heritability in waist circumference (as well as in other anthropometric parameters such as weight and height) was high (Model-1: 71.0–88.1%). Similarly, genetic factors had the highest proportion of total phenotypic variance in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Model-2: 57.1% and 57.7%, respectively). Based on the results of Model-2, unique environmental factors dominate alterations in serum triglycerides values (55.9%) while shared environmental factors proved to be substantial in alterations of HDL-cholesterol and fasting blood glucose values (58.1% and 57.1%, respectively). Comparing the results of Model-1 and Model-2, the difference in A-C-E model varied from 0.0% to 17.1%, indicating that only a minor proportion of genetic and environmental influences can be explained by the effects of anthropometric parameters. Conclusions: Among adult Hungarian healthy people, genetic factors have substantial influence on waist circumference and blood pressure values while environmental factors dominate alterations in serum triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and fasting blood glucose values. The different heritability of individual risk factors challenges the original unifying concept of the metabolic syndrome. The results may be useful for establishing and implementing primary cardiovascular prevention both at individual and population levels. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1265–1271.

scholarly journals Dietary Plant Protein and the Progression of Metabolic Syndrome over 9 Years (OR27-08-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Root ◽  
Katelyn Meaux
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Score ◽  
Plant Sources

Abstract Objectives Metabolic syndrome is a precursor to many leading causes of death in the United States including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes. Diet plays a major role in preventing or exacerbating the development of metabolic syndrome. Increasing plant protein intake may help to reduce risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible relationship between metabolic syndrome progression and % of protein from plant sources in the diet. Methods The ARIC dataset was used to compare changes in the number of metabolic syndrome criteria (0-5) over a 9-year period to average % of protein from plant sources for 10,038 Americans age 45–64. Quartiles of plant protein intake were controlled for important covariates in linear regression. Results As hypothesized, quartiles with higher percentages of protein intake from plant sources showed a decrease in metabolic syndrome score [B (change in metabolic syndrome score over 9 years per plant protein quartile) = -0.039; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.063, -0.016] over 9 years of follow up. Waist circumference was the most significantly associated metabolic syndrome factor (B = -0.053; 95% CI -0.030, -0.011). A decrease in BMI was similarly correlated with higher intakes of plant proteins (B = -0.077; 95% CI -0.214, -0.0112). Conclusions These results suggest that a higher intake of plant proteins could be protective against increased BMI, waist circumference, and worsening metabolic syndrome and therefore may reduce risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. Funding Sources University Funding.

scholarly journals Indirect and direct effects of factors associated with diabetes amongst the rural black population in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Mphekgwana ◽  
Linneth N. Mabila ◽  
Eric Maimela
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
High Waist Circumference

Background: Diabetes is an enormous, growing clinical and public health problem, which together with hypertension contributes significantly to the high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) globally.Aim: To examine the indirect and direct effects of risk factors simultaneously as a network of multiple pathways leading to diabetes in the rurally based adult population (aged 15+) using a household survey.Methods: This investigation was based on a predictive model using a cross-sectional community-based study to identify the direct and indirect effects of diabetes risk factors in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) consisting of 15 villages, with 7200 households and a total population of approximately 36 000. Fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol were measured using ILAB 300 with the following cut-off values: high fasting blood glucose 7 mmol/L and triglycerides 1.70 mmol/L.Results: A total of 1407 individuals were interviewed, of whom 1281 had their blood pressure (BP) measured. The conceptual model was validated by the goodness-of-fit indexes (comparative fit index [CFI] = 1.00, Tucker Lewis index [TLI] = 1.041, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.001). Hypertension had the strongest direct effect of 0.0918 on diabetes, followed by age (0.0039) and high waist circumference (−0.0023). Hypertension also mediates the effects that high waist circumference (0.0005) and triglycerides (0.0060) have on diabetes status.Conclusion: The results in this study confirm the conceptual model considered in the risk factors for diabetes and suggest that hypertension, age and high waist circumference are the key variables directly affecting the diabetes status in the South African rural black population. The direct effect of triglycerides on diabetes suggests mediation by some measured factor(s).

scholarly journals Animal Protein Intake Is Positively Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Korean Men

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3415
Author(s):  
Sangwon Chung ◽  
Min-Yu Chung ◽  
Hyo-Kyoung Choi ◽  
Jae Ho Park ◽  
Jin-Taek Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Few studies have examined the relationship of protein intake by food source with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults, even though animal food intake has increased. This study examined the association between plant and animal protein intake and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged Korean adults. A total of 13,485 subjects aged 30–64 years were selected from the 2013–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Protein intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recall data and divided into quintiles. Men had a higher percentage of energy intake from animal protein (7.4%) than plant protein (6.9%). Men in the highest quintile group of animal protein intake had a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.00–1.70), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07–1.90), and elevated fasting glucose (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01–1.74), after adjusting for covariates. Furthermore, stronger associations of animal protein intake with abdominal obesity were shown in men who consumed less than estimated energy requirements (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.11–2.31). Plant protein intake was negatively associated with increased blood pressure in men. Neither animal nor plant protein intakes were significantly associated with any of the metabolic syndrome risk factors in women. The results imply that lower animal protein intake may be a beneficial factor for metabolic syndrome management in middle-aged Korean men.

scholarly journals Audit of monitoring of the parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients on clozapine

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 466-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Tully ◽  
Christina Sim ◽  
Razi Hemani ◽  
Malik Munir ◽  
Nasir Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Implications

Aims and MethodHigh rates of metabolic syndrome exist among patients on clozapine. Monitoring its parameters facilitates interventions which may alleviate negative health consequences. We completed an audit of the monitoring of the parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients on clozapine. The results were compared with the Maudsley Guidelines for monitoring in patients on any antipsychotic medication.ResultsInitial audit showed high overall rates of concordance with guidelines for the frequency of measurement of blood pressure (91.8%), but much lower rates for measuring fasting blood glucose (43.2%) and lipid profile (52.7%), and no record of analysis of waist circumference. This prompted development of a formal protocol for measuring parameters. Repeat audit after 1 year showed marked improvement in rates of measurement.Clinical implicationsImplementation of relatively straightforward measures, such as the introduction of a one-page form on which to record parameters, can lead to a much improved rate of monitoring for metabolic syndrome. This should in turn prompt therapeutic interventions, which are discussed.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN FAKTOR ASUPAN DENGAN LINGKAR PINGGANG, KADAR GULA DARAH PUASA DAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA REMAJA OBESITAS DI SMA NEGERI 9 SEMARANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Shafira Tri Handayani ◽  
Yuwono Setiadi ◽  
Yuniarti Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose Level

Background : Obesity in adolescence associated with the incidence of metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood pressure, high fasting blood glucose, high triglycerides, low HDL and central obesity. An increasing number of metabolic syndrome in line with the increase in the number of obesity. Based on RISKESDAS 2013 increased the proportion of central obesity from 2007 to 2013 by 18.8% to 26.6%. The prevalence of central obesity in Semarang 21.5%.Aim : Knowing the relationship among intake with waist circumference, fasting blood glucose level and blood pressure in obese adolescents in SMAN 9 Semarang.Method : This study was an observational study with cross-sectional design. Sampling was conducted randomized to receive 47 samples. The data collected is macro nutrients intake factors with 24 hours recall method, weight, height, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose level and blood pressure. Data was collected by the method of anthropometry; interviews, blood pressure measurement and fasting blood glucose level measurement. The correlations test using linear regression.Results: There is a correlation between intake with waist circumference (p 0.046 0.05) with a moderate relationship (R = 0.454) and contributed 20.6%, there is a correlation between intake with fasting blood glucose level (0.039 p 0.05) with the level of relationship is (R = 0.448) and contributed 20.1%, there is a correlation between intake with systolic blood pressure (p 0.004 0.05) with a strong correlation (R = 0.556) and contributed 30.6%, and there is no correlation between intake factor with diastolic blood pressure (p 0.113 0.05) and contributed 16.3%.Conclusion: There is a correlation among intake with waist circumference, fasting blood glucose level and systolic blood pressure. There is no correlation between intake with diastolic blood pressure.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus on Metabolic Syndrome Components: A Real-World, Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Antonio Nicolucci ◽  
Maria Chiara Rossi ◽  
Massimiliano Petrelli
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Real World ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction. Gdue is a nutraceutical obtained from the association of two marine algae, Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus, in addition to chromium picolinate, which could be useful for the treatment of dysglycemia, overweight, and the other components of the metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of Gdue when administered to subjects with one or more components of the metabolic syndrome. Methods. A longitudinal, retrospective, observational study, conducted among primary care physicians, nutritionists, and specialists from various disciplines. The impact of 180 days of administration of Gdue was assessed on body weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, and blood pressure levels. The likelihood of experiencing a first major cardiovascular event over ten years was estimated using Italian risk charts. General linear models for repeated measures were applied to assess changes in the parameters of interest during the follow-up. Results are expressed as estimated marginal means with their 95% confidence interval. Results. Overall, 505 patients were enrolled by 282 physicians. After 6 months of treatment with Gdue, body weight was reduced on average by 7.3 kg (-8.0; -6.6), waist circumference by 7.5 cm (-8.2; -6.8), fasting blood glucose by 16.3 mg/dL (-17.8; -14.7), HbA1c by 0.55% (-0.62; -0.49), systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 7.1 mmHg (-8.3; -6.0) and 4.2 mmHg (-5.0; -3.5), respectively, LDL cholesterol by 18.2 mg/dL (-21.2; -15.3), and triglycerides by 39 mg/dL (-45; -32). HDL cholesterol was significantly increased by 2.9 mg/dL (0.7; 5.0). The 10-year risk of cardiovascular events significantly decreased by 1.8%, corresponding to a relative risk reduction of 27.7%. Conclusion. Our real-world study shows that 6 months of treatment with Gdue have an impact on all the components of the metabolic syndrome, thus offering the potential for decreasing the cardiovascular risk associated with metabolic syndrome.

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