scholarly journals Which Milk during the Second Year of Life: A Personalized Choice for a Healthy Future?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3412
Author(s):  
Elvira Verduci ◽  
Elisabetta Di Profio ◽  
Antonio Corsello ◽  
Lorenzo Scatigno ◽  
Giulia Fiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Nutrient Profiles

Nutrition in early life is a crucial element to provide all essential substrates for growth. Although this statement may appear obvious, several studies have shown how the intake of micro and macronutrients in toddlers differs a lot from the recommendations of scientific societies. Protein intake often exceeds the recommended amount, while the intake of iron and zinc is frequently insufficient, as well as Vitamin D. Nutritional errors in the first years of life can negatively impact the health of the child in the long term. To date, no clear evidence on which milk is suggested during the second year of life is yet to be established. In this study, we compare the nutrient profiles of cow’s milk and specific formulas as well as nutritional risks in toddlers linked to growth and childhood obesity development. The purpose of this review is to resume the latest clinical studies on toddlers fed with cow’s milk or young children formula (YCF), and the potential risks or benefits in the short and long term.

scholarly journals Protein Intake, IGF-1 Concentrations, and Growth in the Second Year of Life in Children Receiving Growing Up Milk – Lite (GUMLi) or Cow's Milk (CM) Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Lovell ◽  
Tania Milne ◽  
Misa Matsuyama ◽  
Rebecca J. Hill ◽  
Peter S. W. Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year

The relationship of protein intake with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations in well-nourished children during the second year of life is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a reduced-protein Growing Up Milk Lite (GUMLi) or unfortified cow's milk (CM) on protein intake, growth, and plasma IGF-1 at 2 y. An exploratory analysis of a sub-sample of Auckland-based children (n = 79) in the GUMLi trial (a double-blind, randomised control trial, N = 160) completed in Auckland and Brisbane (2015–2017) was conducted. One-year old children were randomised to receive a reduced-protein GUMLi (1.7 g protein/100 mL) or a non-fortified CM (3.1 g protein/100 mL) for 12 months. Blood sampling and anthropometric measurements were made at 1 and 2 y. Diet was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Total protein intake (g/d) from all cow's milk sources was 4.6 g (95% CI: −6.7, −2.4; p < 0.005) lower in the GUMLi group after 12 months of the intervention, with a significant group-by-time interaction (p = 0.005). Length-for-age (LAZ) and weight-for-length (WLZ) z-scores did not differ between groups, however, mean body fat % (BF%) was 3.2% (95%CI: −6.2, −0.3; p = 0.032) lower in the GUMLi group at 2 y. There was no difference between the intervention groups in relation to IGF-1 and IGF-BP3 (p = 0.894 and 0.698, respectively), with no group-by-sex interaction. After combining the groups, IGF-1 concentration at 2 y was positively correlated with parameters of growth (all p < 0.05), total cow's milk intake (p = 0.032) after adjusting for sex, breastfeeding status, and gestation. Randomisation to a reduced protein GUMLi resulted in small reduction in %BF and lower total protein intakes but had no effect on growth. Plasma IGF-1 concentrations were independently associated with total protein intake from cow's milk at 2 y, highlighting a potential area of the diet to target when designing future protein-related nutrition interventions.Clinical Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number: ACTRN12614000918628. Date registered: 27/08/2014.

‘Betwixt and between’: women’s experiences of breastfeeding long term

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Sally Dowling
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Unknown Number ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year

This chapter draws on research with women who breastfeed for longer than is usual in the United Kingdom, where a minority of women are still breastfeeding at six months and an unknown number breastfeed into the second year of life and beyond. The anthropological concept of liminality (being ‘neither one thing nor another’) is used to explore and understand their experiences. The chapter takes ideas about liminality and relates them to breastfeeding long term, discussing how they might help those working in this area to support more mothers to breastfeed for longer. It briefly outlines what is known about long-term breastfeeding from previous research and explains the concept of liminality. The remainder of the chapter discusses the findings in relation to liminality and how this has been used to think about breastfeeding, and considers what being ‘betwixt and between’ means for breastfeeding women. The idea of breastfeeding as polluting or ‘matter out of place’ is also briefly discussed.

Author response for "Long‐term follow‐up of fixed low‐dose oral immunotherapy for children with severe cow’s milk allergy"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Miura ◽  
Ken‐ichi Nagakura ◽  
Makoto Nishino ◽  
Mari Takei ◽  
Kyohei Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Oral Immunotherapy ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Dose Oral

scholarly journals Long-term follow-up of oral immunotherapy for cow's milk allergy

2013 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-739.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne A. Keet ◽  
Shannon Seopaul ◽  
Sarah Knorr ◽  
Satya Narisety ◽  
Justin Skripak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Immunotherapy ◽  
Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk Allergy ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Hypertension in Pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Mustafa ◽  
Sana Ahmed ◽  
Anu Gupta ◽  
Rocco C. Venuto
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders In Pregnancy ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
In Pregnancy

Hypertension is the most common medical disorder encountered during pregnancy. Hypertensive disorders are one of the major causes of pregnancy-related maternal deaths in the United States. We will present a comprehensive update of the literature pertinent to hypertension in pregnancy. The paper begins by defining and classifying hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The normal vascular and renal physiological changes which occur during pregnancy are detailed. We will summarize the intriguing aspects of pathophysiology of preeclampsia, emphasizing on recent advances in this field. The existing diagnostic tools and the tests which have been proposed for screening preeclampsia are comprehensively described. We also highlight the short- and long-term implications of preeclampsia. Finally, we review the current management guidelines, goals of treatment and describe the potential risks and benefits associated with various antihypertensive drug classes. Preeclampsia still remains an enigma, and the present management focuses on monitoring and treatment of its manifestations. We are hopeful that this in depth critique will stimulate the blossoming research in the field and assist practitioners to identify women at risk and more effectively treat affected individuals.

scholarly journals Atypical Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome in children: Is IgE sensitization an issue longitudinally?

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Athina Papadopoulou ◽  
Theano Lagousi ◽  
Elpiniki Hatzopoulou ◽  
Paraskevi Korovessi ◽  
Stavroula Kostaridou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Trigger Mechanisms

Background: Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) is a clinically well-characterised, non-Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy syndrome, yet its rare atypical presen-tation remains poorly understood.Objective: Aim of this study was to present the 10-year experience of a referral centre high-lighting the atypical FPIES cases and their long-term outcome.Methods: FPIES cases were prospectively evaluated longitudinally in respect of food outgrowth and developing other allergic diseases with or without concomitant IgE sensitisation.Results: One hundred subjects out of a total of 14,188 referrals (0.7%) were identified. At pre-sentation, 15 patients were found sensitised to the offending food. Fish was the most frequent eliciting food, followed by cow’s milk and egg. Tolerance acquisition was earlier for cow’s milk, followed by egg and fish, while found not to be protracted in atypical cases. Resolution was not achieved in half of the fish subjects during the 10-year follow-up time. Sensitisation to food was not related to infantile eczema or culprit food, but was related to sensitisation to aeroallergens. In the long-term evaluation, persistence of the FPIES or aeroallergen sensitisation was significantly associated with an increased hazard risk of developing early asthma symptoms. Conclusion: Sensitisation to food was related neither to eczema or culprit food nor to tolerance acquisition but rather to the development of allergic asthma through aeroallergen sen-sitisation. In addition to an IgE profile at an early age, FPIES persistence may also trigger mechanisms switching FPIES cases to a T-helper 2 cells immune response later in life, predis-posing to atopic respiratory symptoms; albeit further research is required.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document