scholarly journals Food-Based Dietary Guidelines around the World: A Comparative Analysis to Update AESAN Scientific Committee Dietary Recommendations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3131
Author(s):  
Montaña Cámara ◽  
Rosa María Giner ◽  
Elena González-Fandos ◽  
Esther López-García ◽  
Jordi Mañes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Scientific Committee ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cultural Preferences ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) include dietary recommendations based on food groups according to the general and accepted nutrition principles and current scientific evidence. Adoption of FBDG contributes to the prevention of malnutrition in all its forms, promotes human health, and reduces environmental impact. The present review aims to perform an international comparative analysis of the FBDG adopted in different countries from three different continents (America, Asia, and Europe), with particular reference to the Spanish Food Safety and Nutrition Agency (AESAN, Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición) Scientific Committee dietary recommendations. A total of twelve countries with the most updated FBDG and/or closest to the traditional and cultural preferences of Spain were finally selected. All the reviewed FBDG provided recommendations for fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, milk and dairy products, meat and derivatives, fish, eggs, water, and oil; however, remarkable differences regarding recommended amounts were found among countries.

scholarly journals Comparison of children's dietary intake patterns with US dietary guidelines

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Brady ◽  
Christine H. Lindquist ◽  
Sara L. Herd ◽  
Michael I. Goran
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
American Children

Monitoring dietary intake patterns among children is important in order to explore and prevent the onset of adult health problems. The aim of the present study was to compare children's dietary intakes with national recommendations and to determine whether sex or ethnic differences were evident. This was done using a methodology that allows assessment of intake from the major components of the Food Guide Pyramid developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA: ). The sample studied included 110 African-American and Caucasian males and females (mean age 9·9 years, BMI 20·1 kg/m2) from Birmingham, AL, USA, who were participating in a study investigating the development of obesity. Dietary data were based on three 24 h recalls and food group intake was determined using the USDA Pyramid Servicing Database. The results indicated that a high percentage of subjects failed to meet the recommended number of servings from each of the food groups. For example, only 5 % and 9 % met fruit and dietary group recommendations respectively. Consumption of foods from the Pyramid ‘tip’ (including discretionary fat and added sugar) contributed almost 50 % of the diet. African-Americans were more likely to meet requirements for the meat group, with a higher proportion of Caucasians meeting dietary recommendations. Males were more likely to meet the vegetable group guidelines although females consumed more energy per day from discretionary fat. In conclusion, these results suggest that implementation of nutrition education programmes may be important for promoting healthy nutrition among American children.

scholarly journals Empirically derived major dietary patterns and their associations with overweight in Korean preschool children

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Ok Shin ◽  
Se-Young Oh ◽  
Hyun Suh Park
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Usual Diet ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Prevailing dietary patterns and their association with nutritional outcomes are poorly understood, particularly for children in Korea. Our purposes were to identify major dietary patterns and to examine their associations with overweight among young children in Korea. For 1441 preschool children, usual diet was assessed by a FFQ, from which thirty-three food groups were created and entered into a factor analysis. We identified three dietary patterns by relative intake frequency of (1) vegetables, seaweeds, beans, fruits, milk and dairy products (Korean healthy pattern); (2) beef, pork, poultry, fish and fast foods (animal foods pattern); and (3) ice cream, soda, chocolate, cookies and candies (sweets pattern). The Korean healthy pattern was associated with better health status. As compared with the lowest quintile, the multivariate-adjusted OR of the highest quintile for health status inferior or similar to their peers was 0·59 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·84). Likelihood of being overweight was higher among those in the highest quintile (OR 1·77 (95 % CI 1·06, 2·94)) v. the lowest quintile regarding the animal foods pattern. These findings suggest that major dietary patterns are predictors of overweight and health status in Korean preschool children.

scholarly journals Hygienic assessment of public health risks caused by food contamination with organochlorine pesticides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DO Gorbachev ◽  
OV Sazonova ◽  
MYu Gavryushin ◽  
LM Borodina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Human economic activity leads to the accumulation of anthropogenic contaminants in food. The aim of the study was to analyze the public health risk associated with the oral intake of organochlorine pesticides (HCH, DDT), which are widely used in agriculture. The risk assessment was carried out taking into account data on the actual nutrition of 1798 people (823 men and 975 women) aged 18 to 65 years using the Nutri-prof software package. To assess the contamination of food with organochlorine pesticides, 16510 samples of various food groups were analyzed. The greatest non-carcinogenic risk due to the intake of HCH into the body with food is due to the consumption of bread and bread products, vegetables and melons, potatoes, milk and dairy products; meat and meat products, milk and dairy products. The highest level of total individual carcinogenic risk for DDT and HCH, taking into account the median concentration, corresponds to the third range and is acceptable for professional groups. The excess of the background risk values for the endocrine system in the consumption of bread and bakery products occurs at the age of 45, the transition from a negligible level of risk to a level of moderate risk occurs at the age of 65. The results obtained indicate the effectiveness of the system of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance over food safety, the methodological approach to risk assessment under consideration allows making timely management decisions, taking into account the nature of work and nutritional characteristics.

scholarly journals Spiritually motivated restrictions on animal products have a limited impact on consumption of healthy plant-based foods

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (07) ◽  
pp. 808-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary J. Bethancourt ◽  
Mario Kratz ◽  
Kathleen O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
The Usa

AbstractPlant-based diets are considered healthier than many omnivorous diets. However, it is unclear that restriction of animal products necessarily motivates increased consumption of nutrient- and fibre-rich plant-based foods as opposed to energy-dense but nutrient-poor plant-based foods containing refined grains and added sugars and fats. The present study examined FFQ and food record data from ninety-nine individuals in the USA with varying degrees of adherence to the Orthodox Christian tradition of restricting meat, dairy and egg (MDE) products for 48 d prior to Easter to investigate whether restricting MDE products in the absence of explicit nutritional guidance would lead to increased consumption of healthy plant-based foods and greater likelihood of meeting dietary recommendations. Multiple linear regression models assessed changes in major food groups, energy and nutrients in relation to the degree of reduction in MDE consumption. Logistic regression analyses tested the odds of meeting 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans on plant-based foods in relation to MDE restriction. Each serving reduction in MDE products was associated with small (approximately 0·1–0·7 serving) increases in legumes, soya products and nuts/seeds (all P values < 0·005). MDE restriction was not associated with higher odds of meeting recommendations on vegetable, fruit or whole-grain intake. Consumption of refined grains and added sugars did not change in relation to MDE restriction but remained above recommended thresholds, on average. These findings demonstrate that a reduction of MDE products for spiritual purposes may result in increases in some nutrient-rich plant-based foods but may not uniformly lead to a healthier dietary composition.

scholarly journals Relative validity of a brief dietary survey to assess food intake and adherence to national dietary guidelines among Sri Lankan adults

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Renzella ◽  
S. Fernando ◽  
B. Kalupahana ◽  
N. Townsend ◽  
M. Rayner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Dietary Survey ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Meat And Eggs ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Abstract Background Suboptimal diet is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Addressing this problem requires context-specific solutions informed by context-specific data collected by context-specific tools. This study aimed to assess the relative validity of a newly developed brief dietary survey to estimate food intake and adherence to the Food Based Dietary Guidelines for Sri Lankans. Methods Between December 2018 and February 2019, we interviewed 94 Sri Lankan adults living in Colombo (Western Province), Kalutara (Western Province), and Trincomalee (Eastern Province). We assessed the relative validity of the Sri Lankan Brief Dietary Survey (SLBDS) with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, Spearman’s Rho correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman plots, and Cohen’s kappa tests using a 24-h Dietary Recall (24DR) as reference. Results Ninety-four adults (40.7 years ±12.6; 66% female) completed both surveys during the same interview. With the exception of ‘Fish, pulses, meat and eggs’ food group median intake, which was underestimated by the SLBDS compared to the 24DR, there was no strong evidence of difference between median intakes reported by the two methods. Correlation coefficients were highest for ‘Milk and dairy products’ (0.84) at the food group level and for ‘dosa’, ‘hoppers’, ‘milk rice’, and ‘dried fish’ (1.00) among individual food and beverages. Visual exploration of Bland-Altman plots showed acceptable agreement between the SLBDS and 24DR, with the SLBDS tending to overestimate consumption as the number of servings of ‘Rice, bread, other cereals and yams’ and ‘Vegetables’ consumed increased and slightly underestimate consumption as the number of servings of ‘Fish, pulses, meat and eggs’, ‘Milk and dairy products’, and ‘Nuts’ increased. Kappa values ranged from from 0.59 (95% CI: 0.32–0.86) for ‘Vegetables’ to 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66–0.96) for ‘Fruit’ indicating a moderate to strong level of agreement. Conclusions Having been developed for and relatively validated with the study population in question, our study shows that the SLBDS can be used as a fit for purpose research tool. Additional research is needed to assess SLBDS test-retest reliability and to validate further the reporting of salt, oil, and coconut intake.

scholarly journals Food Based Dietary Guidance - Weighing up the recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dolan ◽  
Sali Abouhajar ◽  
Damian O'Kelly ◽  
Elizabeth O'Sullivan ◽  
Aileen Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Group A ◽  
Serving Sizes ◽  
Serving Size

AbstractFood Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) are dietary recommendations described in terms of amounts of foods that should be consumed. They are designed to support healthy eating through simple messaging and indicate how to achieve a nutritionally adequate diet. However, assessing compliance with FBDG targets can be difficult. The quantity of food either being consumed or prescribed and the amount of that food that constitutes a serving are needed to calculate the contribution of the food towards a food group target. The aim of this study was to define the serving weight of foods, guided by definitions from Irish FBDG, to the McCance and Widdowson Composition of Foods Integrated Dataset 2015 (CoFID). This will enable the automatic assessment of compliance to FBDG using Nutritics nutrition analysis software. Foods from CoFID were categorised into six food groups as defined by Ireland's FBDG. Quantified servings from the Irish FBDG were matched to foods. Calculation criteria were developed to establish a serving size for remaining foods within each food group. For fats and oils, as well as raw fruits and vegetables, household measurements were converted to grams, using Food Portion Sizes from the Food Standards Agency. Quantities for cooked fruits and vegetables were calculated using weight-change factors published by Bognar. For the breads, cereals and potatoes group a serving size was calculated using the midpoint for the calorie bands in this group, as defined by the Food Safety Authority of Ireland. For the dairy group, a serving size was determined by calculating the quantity needed to provide 250 mg of calcium. This was in line with achieving the total daily recommended amount of calcium from the dairy group from 3 servings. For meat, fish and alternatives (MFA), serving sizes were developed using the recommended amount of protein per body weight reference value for males and females. For foods high in fat, sugar and salt, serving sizes were defined using 100kcal as the recommended amount of energy provided for snacks. Out of 3,291 foods, 1,980 were grouped into 6 food groups. Quantified servings were available for 694 foods in 3 food groups. Calculated serving sizes were developed for the remaining 1,276 foods. The quantity of each food that constitutes a serving will be integrated into Nutritics to automatically assess compliance to FBDG. This will enable Health Care and Food Industry Professionals to deliver informed advice on meeting population health targets.

Focus group interviews with older Australians to explore their awareness of the national age-adjusted dietary recommendations and their suggestions for assisting them to meet these dietary targets

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Brownie ◽  
Rosanne Coutts
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Group Interviews

Promoting a healthy, nutritious diet is central to the goal of assisting individuals to age well. This study used focus groups to explore older people’s awareness of the current age-adjusted nutrient recommendations and age-adjusted core food groups, and to capture their views about these dietary guidelines. Thematic analysis was applied to aggregate data into categories of frequently occurring responses. Data were collected from five focus groups: a total of 29 participants, aged 60–98 years of age. Analysis of responses revealed that participants were generally unaware of government-endorsed dietary guidelines or nutrient recommendations for older people. Their suggestions for assisting older people to meet these age-adjusted dietary targets included: targeted media campaigns to raise awareness about older people’s nutrient requirements; the need for practical meal plans that do meet their dietary needs; and the removal of barriers to supermarket food choices, such as problems with opening jars and excessive packaging.

scholarly journals Demographic and socio-economic factors related to food intake and adherence to nutritional recommendations in a cohort of pre-school children

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1096-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Dubois ◽  
Anna Farmer ◽  
Manon Girard ◽  
Daniel Burnier ◽  
Marion Porcherie
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
School Children ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveTo examine: (i) children's food intake and adherence to both Canada's Food Guide for Healthy Eating and Dietary Reference Intakes; and (ii) the social and demographic factors related to children's food intake.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingData were obtained through the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development 1998–2010, a representative sample (n 2103) of children born in 1998 in the province of Quebec, Canada. Information on energy, macronutrient and food consumption was derived from responses to a 24 h dietary recall interview addressed to children's mothers and day-care staff when the children were 4 years old.SubjectsA total of 1549 children aged 4 years who participated in a nutritional sub-study.ResultsThe mean daily total energy intake was 6360 kJ (1520 kcal) for girls and 6916 kJ (1653 kcal) for boys. For boys and girls alike, energy intake was comprised of approximately 54 % carbohydrates, 31 % fats and 15 % proteins. The mean number of servings consumed from each of the four essential food groups closely approached the dietary recommendations made by Canada's Food Guide for Healthy Eating; however, <2 % of the children in the present study actually met the full dietary guidelines. The dietary intake of pre-school children was associated with socio-economic and demographic factors, most notably mother's level of education, mother's immigrant status and sex of the child.ConclusionsDiet-related disparities associated with socio-economic and demographic factors exist from as early as 4 years of age.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in Meat Food Groups Can Meaningfully Alter Population-Level Intake Estimates of Red Meat and Poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. O'Connor ◽  
Kirsten A. Herrick ◽  
Ruth Parsons ◽  
Jill Reedy
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Hispanic Origin ◽  
Percentile Method

Heterogeneity in meat food groups hinders interpretation of research regarding meat intake and chronic disease risk. Our objective was to investigate how heterogeneity in red meat (RM) and poultry food groups influences US population intake estimates. Based on a prior systematic review, we created an ontology of methods used to estimate RM [1= unprocessed RM; 2 (reference)= unprocessed RM + processed RM; 3= unprocessed RM + processed RM + processed poultry; and 4=unprocessed RM + processed RM + processed poultry + chicken patties/nuggets/tenders (PNT)] and three for poultry [A=unprocessed poultry; B= unprocessed poultry + PNT; C (reference)= unprocessed poultry + processed poultry + PNT). We applied methods to 2015–18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to estimate RM and poultry intake prevalence and amount. We estimated and compared intakes within RM and within poultry methods via the NCI Method for individuals ≥2 years old (n = 15,038), adjusted for age, sex, and race/Hispanic origin. We compared the population percentage that exceeded age- and sex-specific RM and poultry allotments from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommended eating patterns. The percent that consumed RM ranged from 47 ± 1.2% to 75 ± 0.8% across methods and mean amount ranged from 10.5 ± 0.28 to 18.2 ± 0.35 lean oz-equivalents/week; 38 ± 1.2% to 71 ± 0.7% and 9.8 ± 0.35 to 13.3 ± 0.35 lean oz-equivalents/week across poultry methods. Estimates for higher, but not lower, intake percentiles differed across RM methods. Compared to the reference, Method 1 was ≥3.0 oz-equivalents/week lower from 20th-70th percentiles, ≥6.0 oz-equivalents/week lower from 75th-90th percentiles, and ≥9.0 oz-equivalents/week lower for the 95th percentile. Method 4, but not Method 3, was ≥3.0 oz-equivalents/week higher than the reference from 50 to 95th percentiles. The population percentage that exceeded allotments was 27 ± 1.8% lower for Method 1, 9 ± 0.8% higher for Method 3, and 14 ± 0.9% higher for Method 4 compared to the reference. Differences were less pronounced for poultry. Our analysis quantifies the magnitude of bias introduced by heterogeneous meat food group methodology. Explicit descriptions of meat food groups are important for development of dietary recommendations to ensure that research studies are compared appropriately.

scholarly journals Milk and dairy products: good or bad for human health? An assessment of the totality of scientific evidence

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 32527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Kongerslev Thorning ◽  
Anne Raben ◽  
Tine Tholstrup ◽  
Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu ◽  
Ian Givens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products
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