scholarly journals Analysis of the Diet Quality and Nutritional State of Children, Youth and Young Adults with an Intellectual Disability: A Multiple Case Study. Preliminary Polish Results

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3058
Author(s):  
Michał Skrzypek ◽  
Wojciech Koch ◽  
Karolina Goral ◽  
Klaudia Soczyńska ◽  
Olga Poźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Excessive Intake

(1) Background: Considering the limited amount of available data on the diet quality of children, adolescents, and young adults with an intellectual disability (ID) in Poland, as well as the higher incidence of nutritional disorders among people with ID in comparison to the general population, a study was conducted to assess the quality of diet in community-dwelling young individuals with ID. (2) Methods: A multiple-case study was carried out to obtain data on anthropometric parameters and food records over a three-day observation period for 18 subjects with ID. The nutritional value of the products and dishes consumed by the subjects was calculated using the commercial computer program Kcalmar.pro (Hermax, Poland), which contains the Polish database of the nutritional value of food products and dishes. The results presented here are those of a pilot study of a wider research project. (3) Results: The study group consisted of seven women (38.9%) and 11 men (61.1%) with an average age of 12.94 years (range 4.00–22.00) and an average BMI of 25.2 (range 14.5–35.4). The obtained results confirmed the suboptimal pattern of nutrition in children and adolescents with ID. Regarding energy intake and dietary macronutrients, only in 27.8% of cases, energy intake exceeded the Estimated Energy Requirement corresponding to age, sex, body weight, and height. Most of the respondents were characterized by correct intake of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, and 83.3% showed excessive intake of saturated fatty acids. Excessive intake of vitamins B1, B2, and B6 was observed in all subjects, and that of vitamins B3 (niacin), B12, A, and C in the vast majority of subjects, while deficiency of vitamin D was observed in all individuals and folic acid in 22.2% of individuals. Excessive intake of minerals, such as sodium, phosphorus, and magnesium was noted among most of the respondents, while the intake of calcium and iodine was found to be insufficient. Compared to people with less severe ID (grades 1 and 2), people with grade 3 ID showed significantly lower intake/reference fulfillment of dietary components such as vitamin B6, potassium, phosphorus, iron, copper, iodine, magnesium, and zinc. No significant differences were noted in the nutritional reference fulfillment for various nutrients among the groups distinguished by sex, nutritional status, or the cause of ID. (4) Conclusion: Health supervision guidelines proposed for persons with ID should take into account the dietary practices of the families caring for them, with an emphasis on the prevention and correction of irregularities that may reduce the effectiveness of rehabilitation and deteriorate the health of the affected people. Caregivers/parents of each person with ID who took part in the study were given individualized dietary advice aimed at correcting the dietary abnormalities.

scholarly journals Longitudinal multiple case study on effectiveness of network-based dementia care towards more integration, quality of care, and collaboration in primary care

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. e0198811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Richters ◽  
Minke S. Nieuwboer ◽  
Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert ◽  
Rene J. F. Melis ◽  
Marieke Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Multiple Case

Feasibility and acceptability of Otago Exercise Programme and Prevention of Falls for Adults with Intellectual Disability: a multiple case study design

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Hale ◽  
Emile Vollenhoven ◽  
Lisa Caiman ◽  
Alice Dryselius ◽  
Yvette Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Multiple Case

Background/AimsMany people with intellectual disability fall frequently. Understanding fall prevention intervention characteristics will assist efficacy trials to target appropriate people. An exploration of two exercise-based fall prevention interventions is reported, focusing on viability and acceptability.MethodsA multiple case study of adults with intellectual disability completing either the group Otago Exercise Programme or the Prevention of Falls for Adults with Intellectual Disability intervention was performed. Integrated data sources were used: semi-structured interviews with participants and support workers, observations, attendance/adherence, falls, adverse events and balance measures.ResultsIn total, seven adults with varying intellectual disability levels participated. Overall, three themes enabled understanding of suitability of people to each intervention: suitability of the exercises; role of the environment; and benefits to participants.ConclusionsEducating adults with intellectual disability and their support workers of the importance of regular exercise is key to participation. Both programmes required high levels of support and prioritisation to ensure exercises occurred and were carried out safely.

Operationalizing and Conceptualizing Quality in Mixed Methods Research: A Multiple Case Study of the Disciplines of Education, Nursing, Psychology, and Sociology

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergi Fàbregues ◽  
Marie-Hélène Paré ◽  
Julio Meneses
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Qualitative Multiple Case Study ◽  
Education Nursing

The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study is to describe and compare how researchers in the education, nursing, psychology, and sociology disciplines operationalize and conceptualize the quality of mixed methods research (MMR). An international sample of 44 MMR researchers representing these four disciplines were interviewed. The study findings point to (a) two perspectives from which the quality of MMR is understood, one contingent and flexible and the other universal and fixed; (b) a relationship between these two perspectives and the participants’ discipline; and (c) a similar occurrence, both in terms of nature and frequency, of the MMR quality criteria most mentioned by the participants across disciplines. Implications of the findings for the field of MMR are discussed.

scholarly journals Speaking like a scientist: A multiple case study on sketch and speak intervention to improve expository discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 239694152199860
Author(s):  
Amy K Peterson ◽  
Teresa A Ukrainetz ◽  
RJ Risueño
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Verbal Rehearsal ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Multiple Case

Purpose This descriptive multiple case study examined the effects of a contextualized expository strategy intervention on supported and independent note-taking, verbal rehearsal, and reporting skills for three elementary students with language disorders. Method Two 9-year-old fourth grade students and one 11-year-old sixth grade student with language disorders participated. The intervention was delivered as sixteen individual 20-minute sessions across nine weeks by the school speech-language pathologist. Students learned to take written and pictographic notes from expository texts and use verbal formulation and rehearsal of individual sentences and whole reports in varied learning contexts. To explore both emergent and independent accomplishments, performance was examined in final intervention session presentations and pre/post intervention testing. Results Following the intervention, all three students effectively used notes and verbal rehearsal to prepare and present fluent, organized, accurate, confident oral reports to an audience. From pre- to post-test, the students showed a range of improvements in the quality of notes, use of verbal rehearsal, holistic quality of oral and written reporting, and strategy awareness. Conclusions Sketch and Speak shows potential as an expository intervention for students who struggle with academic language learning. The results support further examination of this intervention for supported strategy use by younger students and independent use by older students.

scholarly journals Longitudinal multiple case study on effectiveness of network-based dementia care towards more integration, quality of care, and collaboration in primary care

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (s2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Anke Richters ◽  
Minke Nieuwboer ◽  
Marcel Olde Rikkert ◽  
Rene Melis ◽  
Marieke Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Multiple Case

scholarly journals Evaluation of DementiaNet, a network-based primary care innovation for community-dwelling patients with dementia: protocol for a longitudinal mixed methods multiple case study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Richters ◽  
Minke S Nieuwboer ◽  
Marieke Perry ◽  
Marcel G M Olde Rikkert ◽  
Rene J F Melis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Multiple Case

IntroductionPrimary healthcare professionals will increasingly be required to manage and optimise their treatment for patients with dementia. With DementiaNet, we aim to reduce the burden of dementia on healthcare services and society through implementation and facilitation of integrated network-based care with increased dementia expertise. DementiaNet is designed as a stepwise approach including clinical leadership, quality improvement cycles and interprofessional training, which are tailor-made to the local context. For example, the composition of the network and improvement goals are tailored to the local context and availability. Here, we describe the linked evaluation study which aims to provide insight in effectiveness, process and mechanism of the DementiaNet approach through an innovative evaluation design.Methods and analysisWe designed a longitudinal, mixed methods, multiple case study. Study population consists of two levels: (i) local DementiaNet networks of primary care professionals and (ii) patients and informal caregivers who receive care from these networks. At the start and after 12 and 24 months, quantitative data are collected for each network on: level of network maturity, quality of care indicators and outcomes reported by informal caregivers of dementia patients. We assess changes in networks over time and the association with quality of care and informal caregiver-reported outcomes. Throughout the study, logs about each network are registered. Additionally, semi-structured interviews with network members and informal caregivers will provide insight in experiences and opinions regarding effects and mechanisms through which changes in quantitative outcomes are effectuated. Rich narratives will be constructed about the development of the local networks using collected data.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was reviewed by the local medical ethics committee; formal judgement was not required (protocol number: 2015–2053). The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and presentations for healthcare professionals where appropriate.

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