scholarly journals Tap Water Consumption and Perceptions in United States Latinx Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2999
Author(s):  
Abigail T. Colburn ◽  
Stavros A. Kavouras
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
White Adults

Insufficient water intake is associated with adverse health outcomes, including chronic disease prevalence and mortality. Adherence to Institute of Medicine total water intake (TWI) recommendations has been low in recent decades, and TWI has been consistently lower in Latinx adults compared with non-Hispanic (NH) white adults. While overall plain water intake is similar between Latinx and NH white adults, Latinx adults consistently consume significantly more bottled water and less tap water. The purpose of this review is to identify factors that may contribute to low water intake and low tap water intake, particularly in Latinx adults. The decision to drink water is complex and is influenced by a myriad of factors including context, environment, eating behaviors, geography, and beverage attributes. Plain water preferences appear to be related, in part, to perceptions of tap water safety as Latinx adults are significantly more likely to perceive their tap water as unsafe compared to NH white adults. Although recent investigations have not consistently or comprehensively evaluated the same factors, we have compiled their findings to describe the complex, interrelated determinants of tap water safety perceptions in Latinx adults. The present review proposes that perceptions are influenced by water insecurity, demographics, prior experiences, organoleptic (sensory) perceptions and availability and sources of information. Existing interventions designed to improve TWI primarily focus on improving access to water and/or educating individuals on the importance of hydration. However, this may not be sufficient in Latinx populations where water is not trusted. Future work should comprehensively assess these factors in Latinx samples and include validated plain water intake, TWI, and hydration status measures. A greater understanding of these relationships could inform interventions to improve TWI and hydration status in Latinx adults.

scholarly journals Perceptions of drinking water safety and their associations with plain water intake among US Hispanic adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohyun Park ◽  
Stephen Onufrak ◽  
Anisha Patel ◽  
Joseph R. Sharkey ◽  
Heidi M. Blanck
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Drinking Water Safety ◽  
Hispanic Adults ◽  
Water Perceptions

Abstract We described sociodemographic differences in perceptions of drinking water safety and examined associations between perceptions and plain water intake. We used the 2015 Estilos survey of 1,000 US Hispanic adults conducted in both Spanish and English. Outcome was water intake. Exposures were the level of agreement about water perceptions (My tap water is safe to drink; Community tap water is safe to drink; Bottled water is safer; I would buy less bottled water if my tap water was safe). Covariates were sociodemographics, region, Hispanic heritage, and acculturation. We used chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression to examine associations of water perceptions and intake. Overall, 24% of Hispanic adults consumed water ≤1 time/day. Although 34% disagreed their home tap water was safe to drink, and 41% disagreed their community tap water was safe to drink, 65% agreed bottled water is safer than tap water, and 69% agreed they would buy less bottled water if they knew their tap water was safe. Perceptions differed by some covariates but were not significantly associated with plain water intake. In conclusion, negative perceptions of tap water were common among US Hispanic adults, which can inform efforts to increase awareness about safe public water systems.

scholarly journals The relationship of perceptions of tap water safety with intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and plain water among US adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Onufrak ◽  
Sohyun Park ◽  
Joseph R Sharkey ◽  
Bettylou Sherry
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Water Perceptions

AbstractObjectiveResearch is limited on whether mistrust of tap water discourages plain water intake and leads to a greater intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). The objective of the present study was to examine demographic differences in perceptions of tap water safety and determine if these perceptions are associated with intake of SSB and plain water.DesignThe study examined perceptions of tap water safety and their cross-sectional association with intake of SSB and plain water. Racial/ethnic differences in the associations of tap water perceptions with SSB and plain water intake were also examined.SettingNationally weighted data from the 2010 HealthStyles Survey (n 4184).SubjectsUS adults aged ≥18 years.ResultsOverall, 13·0 % of participants disagreed that their local tap water was safe to drink and 26·4 % of participants agreed that bottled water was safer than tap water. Both mistrust of tap water safety and favouring bottled water differed by region, age, race/ethnicity, income and education. The associations of tap water mistrust with intake of SSB and plain water were modified by race/ethnicity (P < 0·05). Non-white racial/ethnic groups who disagreed that their local tap water was safe to drink were more likely to report low intake of plain water. The odds of consuming ≥1 SSB/d among Hispanics who mistrusted their local tap water was twice that of Hispanics who did not (OR = 2·0; 95 % CI 1·2, 3·3).ConclusionsPublic health efforts to promote healthy beverages should recognize the potential impact of tap water perceptions on water and SSB intake among minority populations.

scholarly journals Hydration status, body composition, and anxiety status in aeronautical military personnel from Spain: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Carretero-Krug ◽  
Natalia Úbeda ◽  
Carlos Velasco ◽  
Juan Medina-Font ◽  
Trinidad Trujillo Laguna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Urine Color ◽  
Total Water Intake

Abstract Background An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. Methods A total of 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. Based on these methods, the criteria of hydration were established. Results Of the total sample, 81% met the hydration criteria (urine color = well hydrated, water balance ≥ 0 ml, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 ml/kg), and 19% did not meet the hydration criteria (urine color = not sufficiently hydrated or dehydrated, water balance < 0 ml, and total water intake/weight < 35 ml/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs. 3, P = 0.026), weight [(84.7 ± 10.5) vs. (80.5 ± 10.2) kg], body mass index [(26.3 ± 3.1) vs. (25.2 ± 2.8)]kg/m2, body fat [(22.3 ± 5.6) vs. (18.3 ± 6.5)] %, urine specific gravity, and urine color. Using a logistic binary regression model, hydration status was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (P = 0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidities, or medications. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (r = 0.357, P = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (r = − 0.427, P = 0.000), percentage of body fat (r = − 0.405, P = 0.000), and waist/hip ratio (r = − 0.223, P = 0.002). Based on a linear regression model, total water intake/weight was related significantly with percentage of body fat (P = 0.001) and percentage of body water content (P = 0.035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidities, or medications. Conclusions These findings all suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Tap Water and School Water Fountains and Association With Intake of Plain Water and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Onufrak ◽  
Sohyun Park ◽  
Joseph R. Sharkey ◽  
Caitlin Merlo ◽  
Wesley R. Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Total water intake and its contributors in infants and young children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Chouraqui ◽  
Simon N. Thornton ◽  
Louise Seconda ◽  
Stavros A. Kavouras
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Infants And Young Children ◽  
Total Water Intake

Abstract Hydration is a particular concern for infants and young children due to their greater risk of dehydration. However, studies on their water intakes are scarce. The current survey aimed to analyze total water intake (TWI) in non-breastfed children aged 0.5-35 months compared to the adequate intake (AI) for the same age group set by the EFSA and to examine the different contributors to TWI as well as beverage consumption patterns. Nationally representative data from the Nutri-Bébé cross-sectional survey were used to assess food, beverage, and plain water consumption by age group over three non-consecutive days. With age, median TWI in 1,035 children increased from 732 to 1010 mL/d, without differences between sex, but with a great inter-individual variation, and the percentage of children who did not meet the AI increased from 10% to 88%. Median weight-related TWI decreased from 136.6 to 69.0 mL/kg/d. Among infants, 90% had a ratio of water/energy below the AI, similarly for about 75% of toddlers. Milk and milk products were the main contributors to TWI, while the part of plain water increased gradually to be 25% in the older toddlers, half of which was tap water. The beverage consumption pattern varied in types and timing, with little consumption of juices and sweetened beverages. Vegetables and fruits accounted for 20% of TWI after the age of 6 months. These initial results, showing strong discrepancies between actual and recommended water intakes in young children, should help identify ways to increase children’s water consumption.

Prevalence and Predictors of Overweight and Obesity among Military Personnel with Low Socio-Economic Status in Kuala Lumpur

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Qistina Nik Abd Rahim ◽  
Nor Afiah Mohd Zulkefli ◽  
Mohd Arshil Moideen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
History Of ◽  
Army Personnel

Abstract Background: It is a major public health concern when 52% of adults worldwide were overweight and obese. Military institutions worldwide were included, which led to negative impacts on the overall combat readiness due to the obesity-associated-diseases. This study determined the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity among the low socioeconomic status (SES) army personnel in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 772 low SES army personnel in Kuala Lumpur was conducted. Online questionnaires were distributed while anthropometric measurements’ data were obtained from Military Lifetime Health Record (MLHR) system with BMI of > 25kg/m2 as the outcome. Data analysed using SPSS version 23.0 (descriptive and inferential statistics). Results: The median age of the respondents was 30 (IQR=7) years. The prevalence of overweight and obese army personnel was 41.1% (95%CI:37.6-44.6). The predictors found were being married (AOR:2.026,95%CI:1.318-3.113), secondary education (AOR:2.545,95%CI:1.245-5.203), Lance Corporal (AOR:1.994,95%CI:1.061-3.748), Corporal (AOR:2.814,95%CI:1.578-5.020), Sergeant (AOR:4.174,95%CI:2.076-8.390), past injury (AOR:1.879,95%CI: 1.191-2.965), history of obese sibling (AOR:1.737,95%CI:1.013-2.973), history of obese parent (AOR:3.344,95%CI:1.965-5.688), history of obese grandparent (AOR:11.321,95%CI:2.207-58.072), poor knowledge on dietary intake (AOR:1.524,95%CI:1.077-2.157), less than 2 litres daily plain water intake (AOR:1.606,95%CI:1.166-2.210). Conclusions: Knowledge on dietary intake and plain water intake are the two modifiable predictors for overweight and obesity found in this study, while the other nine predictors are non-modifiable. Understanding on issues surrounding the low SES group will help the strategic level in planning for future comprehensive interventions on overweight and obesity, specifically targeting on those predictors.

scholarly journals Water insecurity, illness and other factors of everyday life: A case study from Choma District, Southern Province, Zambia

Water SA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4 October) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Marcantonio
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Southern Province ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Specific Outcome

Recent reports from the UN find that 2.6 billion people have gained access to improved drinking water sources since 1990, but 663 million people still live without. Other recent work demonstrates that 4 billion people annually face severe water scarcity as a result of seasonal fluctuations in water availability and quality. How is it that, despite the significant development in water resource availability documented by the UN, literally billions of people are regularly experiencing water insecurity? To begin to understand how a lack of access to reliable water resources affects everyday life, I focus on a specific outcome of water insecurity: waterborne illness. Given the difficulty in linking illness to a particular source, this research focuses on perceptions of water safety. I ask participants about illness they perceive coming from their drinking water, conducting face-to-face surveys (N = 224) spatially distributed around Choma town, Southern Province, Zambia. In particular, I investigate how these perceptions affect everyday life and what intersecting factors are likely to increase or decrease the probability of a person perceiving drinking water as the source of their illness. Our findings demonstrate that individual perceptions of waterborne illness are tightly coupled with perceptions of water needs being met or not, water flexibility (water storage capacity and water resource type and number available), total water use, food security and distance to various services. My work identifies and qualifies intersecting relationships that are critical to the design of any policy or other means of intervention intended to reduce experienced and perceived waterborne illness and other everyday needs of subsistence farmers facing the challenges presented by climate change and other forms of environmental change.

scholarly journals Consumptions of plain water, moisture in foods and beverages, and total water in relation to dietary micronutrient intakes and serum nutrient profiles among US adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1180-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yang ◽  
Ock K Chun
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nutrient Profiles ◽  
Total Water Intake

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate water contributors in relation to dietary and serum micronutrient profiles.DesignA cross-sectional study. The main exposures were water contributors. Selected dietary and serum micronutrient levels were outcome measures.SettingsThe US population and its subgroups.SubjectsUS adults (n 2691) aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006.ResultsThe daily mean total water intake was 3·1 (se 0·047) litres, with 68 % of adults consuming below the Adequate Intake level. Total water intake was higher in adults with higher BMI and physical activity, those taking dietary supplements and alcohol consumers (P < 0·05). Plain water intake was positively associated with food moisture and negatively with beverage moisture (P < 0·001). Beverage moisture was negatively associated with food moisture (P < 0·001). In multivariate regression analyses, plain water and food moisture intakes were positively associated with Fe, Ca, vitamins A, B, C, E and K and carotenoid intakes (P < 0·05). However, beverage moisture was unrelated to Ca, niacin and vitamin B6 intakes, and negatively associated with Fe, vitamin A, folate, vitamins C, E and K and carotenoid intakes (P < 0·05). Concentrations of serum vitamins A and C and carotenoids increased with plain water and food moisture intakes (P < 0·05) but decreased (P < 0·01) or were unrelated to beverage moisture intake.ConclusionsVarious contributors of total water intake differed in their associations with dietary and serum micronutrient profiles in US adults. The study provides evidence of plain water benefits on micronutrient adequacy over beverages.

Question About Fluoride in Formulas

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-572
Author(s):  
M. Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Daily Water Intake ◽  
Daily Water

The articles on dental caries in children in the August 1974 issue of Pediatrics are interesting and made me think about the following aspect of fluoridation. As far as I can find out, none of the presently available formulas have any fluoride in them. Would it not be a good idea to add an appropriate quantity of fluoride to all the formulas so that we can make sure that babies do get fluoride from birth? Even though a majority of the babies live in areas where the water is fluoridated, the amount of daily water intake (as plain water) in the first six months of life is negligible.

scholarly journals Who is Replacing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages with Plain Water? Analyses of NHANES 2011–16 Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 557-557
Author(s):  
Colin Rehm ◽  
Matthieu Maillot ◽  
Florent Vieux ◽  
Pamela Barrios ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Objectives In the United States, replacing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) with plain drinking water is recommended via by numerous public health agencies and non-governmental organizations. While declines in SSB consumption in the US are well-documented, it is not clear if consumers are replacing SSBs with other beverages, namely plain drinking water. Methods Beverage consumption data for 7453 children (4–18y) and 15,263 adults (≥19y) came from two 24 h dietary recalls in three most recent cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011–2016). Consumption trends for water intakes (in mL/d) from SSBs and from drinking water were analyzed by gender, age group, family income, and race/ethnicity. Results Mean water intakes from SSBs declined from 322 mL/d to 262 mL/d (p-trend = 0.002) on average, whereas plain drinking water increased from 1011 mL/d to 1144 mL/d (p-trend = 0.0108). Statistically significant reductions in SSBs were observed only among men (-18%), younger participants (-26% in 4–8, -22% in 9–13, -33% in 14–19 and -30% in 20–30), those with lower incomes (family income-to-poverty ratio &lt; 2.0), non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic black participants (p-trend &lt; 0.05 for each). Within these population sub-groups, only non-Hispanic white participants, those with a family income to poverty ratio of 1–1.99, but not &lt; 1.0, and children aged &lt; 14y had a corresponding increase in plain water consumption. When examining types of water, non-Hispanic white participants replaced SSBs with tap water as opposed to bottled water, and the lower income group replaced SSBs with bottled water, as opposed to tap water. Conclusions The expected replacement of SSBs with plain drinking water was not uniformly observed across socio-demographic group. Only non-Hispanic Whites and lower income groups replaced SSB with water, whereas teenagers (14–19y) and non-Hispanic black participants did not. Understanding how and if specific population sub-groups are replacing a declining food/beverage category with another category has important population health implications. Funding Sources Analyses of publicly available federal NHANES databases were sponsored by PepsiCo Inc. and conducted by MS-Nutrition. The views expressed in this abstract are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc.

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