scholarly journals No Correlation between Positive Fructose Hydrogen Breath Test and Clinical Symptoms in Children with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2891
Author(s):  
Jarosław Kwiecień ◽  
Weronika Hajzler ◽  
Klaudia Kosek ◽  
Sylwia Balcerowicz ◽  
Dominika Grzanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Fructose Malabsorption

Fructose malabsorption is regarded as one of the most common types of sugar intolerance. However, the correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and positive results in fructose hydrogen breath tests (HBTs) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical importance of positive fructose HBT by correlating the HBT results with clinical features in children with various gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical features and fructose HBT results were obtained from 323 consecutive children (2–18 years old, mean 10.7 ± 4.3 years) that were referred to the Tertiary Paediatric Gastroenterology Centre and diagnosed as having functional gastrointestinal disorders. A total of 114 out of 323 children (35.3%) had positive HBT results, of which 61 patients were females (53.5%) and 53 were males (46.5%). Children with positive HBT were significantly younger than children with negative HBT (9.0 vs. 11.6 years old; p < 0.001). The most frequent symptom among children with fructose malabsorption was recurrent abdominal pain (89.5%). Other important symptoms were diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence. However, no correlation between positive fructose HBT results and any of the reported symptoms or general clinical features was found. In conclusion, positive fructose HBT in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders can be attributed to their younger age but not to some peculiar clinical feature of the disease.

scholarly journals Are functional gastrointestinal disorders a clinically significant comorbid factor for acute respiratory infection in children?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
E. R. Meskina ◽  
M. K. Khadisova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Past History ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Rationale: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are highly prevalent in children worldwide. Current concept of FGID pathophysiology implies contributions from various mechanisms. Information in the role of acute respiratory infections in the development of FGID in children is lacking.Aim: To determine the prevalence of FGID in children hospitalized to the department of infectious diseases with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and their association with demographic, medical biological factors and clinical manifestations.Materials and methods: We performed observational and cross-sectional study with continuous patient sampling. The study included 180 ARTI patients, whose mothers agreed to fill in the proposed questionnaire of 41 items. The diagnosis of FGID during in-hospital stay was made based on clinical data in accordance with the Rome criteria IV (2016) and by standard collection of the information from the parents. The stool characteristics were assessed with the Bristol scale. The rate of recurrent ARTI was assessed by the resistance index of above 0.5. We considered clinical symptoms of ARTI at the admittance, the rates of bacterial complications and the need in antibacterial treatment.Results: The prevalence of FGID in hospitalized children with ARTI below 4 years of age (n = 134) was 35.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]) 27.0– 43.9); they had higher rates of functional diarrhea (14.9%, 95% CI 9.4–22.1) and constipation (14.2%, 95% CI 8.8–21.3). Among those above 4 years of age (n = 46), FGID were diagnosed in 50% (95% CI 34.9–65.1) of the cases; with most frequent symptoms being abdominal pain (39.1%, 95% CI 25.1–54.6) and irritable bowel syndrome (10.8%). Irrespective of their age, the children with FGID had higher rates of ARTI recurrence (by 34.0%, 95% CI 20.0–48.1; relative risk 1.98, 95% CI 1.47–2.69; odds ratio 4.13, 95% CI 2.18–7.85) and intestinal infections in their past history, compared to those without any gastrointestinal symptoms during the index hospitalization. In children with FGID, ARTI were more frequently complicated by otitis and they had higher requirement in antibiotics. The mothers of the infants and toddlers with FGID had lower educational level (smaller proportion of those with high school education) and were less satisfied with their home and living conditions, whereas their fathers were older and more frequently employed in vehicle operations and less frequently were occupied in communication-related professions.Conclusion: Acute respiratory infections, especially recurring, may plaу a significant role in the development and maintenance of FGID in children. Further studies are necessary, which may result in useful information for the development of tailored strategies to treatment and prevention.

scholarly journals Pediatric COVID-19 and the Factors That May Mitigate Its Clinical Course

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e137-e140
Author(s):  
Mosaad Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Nada M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Dina M. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Noha Azab
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Compulsory Vaccination ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Radiographic Data

AbstractThe clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary from mild flu-like symptoms to severe fatal pneumonia. However, children with COVID-19 may be asymptomatic or may have mild clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical features of pediatric COVID-19 and to search for the factors that may mitigate the disease course. We reviewed the literature to realize the clinical features, laboratory, and radiographic data that may be diagnostic for COVID-19 among children. Also, we studied the factors that may affect the clinical course of the disease. Fever, dry cough, and fatigue are the main symptoms of pediatric COVID-19, sometimes flu-like symptoms and/or gastrointestinal symptoms may be present. Although some infected children may be asymptomatic, a recent unusual hyperinflammatory reaction with overlapping features of Kawasaki's disease and toxic shock syndrome in pediatric COVID-19 has been occasionally reported. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronvirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid testing is the corner-stone method for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Lymphocyte count and other inflammatory markers are not essentially diagnostic; however, chest computed tomography is highly specific. Factors that may mitigate the severity of pediatric COVID-19 are home confinement with limited children activity, trained immunity caused by compulsory vaccination, the response of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in children is not the same as in adults, and that children are less likely to have comorbidities. As infected children may be asymptomatic or may have only mild respiratory and/or gastrointestinal symptoms that might be missed, all children for families who have a member diagnosed with COVID-19 should be investigated.

scholarly journals Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and young children in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Serene Yaling Tan ◽  
Panam Parikh ◽  
Vanitha Buthmanaban ◽  
Shaman Rajindrajith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Rome Iv ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Abstract Background The prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children, particularly from Asia, is largely unknown. There are not many studies done in Asia especially using the Rome IV criteria. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of FGIDs in infants and young children in a representative sample in China. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional, community-based survey was conducted among healthy infants and young children between the ages of 0–4 years in Jinhua and Shanghai, China. A total of 2604 subjects (1300 subjects from Jinhua and 1304 subjects from Shanghai) completed a validated questionnaire on pediatric gastrointestinal symptoms. FGIDs in infants and young children were diagnosed using the Rome IV criteria. Results According to the Rome IV criteria, the prevalence of having a FGID in Chinese infants and young children is 27.3%. Infant regurgitation (33.9%) was the most common FGID among the 0–6 months old while functional constipation (7.0%) was the most common among the 1–4 years old. Risk factor analysis revealed that prevalence of infantile colic was higher with better maternal education and low birth weight. Prevalence of infantile regurgitation was significantly greater in males, living in a rural area, being exclusively breast fed at least up to 4 months and starting formula feeds within the first month. The risk of functional constipation was lower for infants who were delivered vaginally. Conclusions Infantile regurgitation was the most common FGID in Chinese infants while functional constipation was most prevalent among young Chinese children. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Registry Identifier: NL6973/NTR7161.

scholarly journals Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases: Review and Update

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahreema Jawairia ◽  
Ghulamullah Shahzad ◽  
Paul Mustacchia
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Intestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Inflammation ◽  
Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are a progressively more frequent diverse group of intestinal diseases. The intention of this paper is to present the newest developments in the care of patients with EGIDs and to sum up a rising literature defining the clinical features and mechanistic elements of eosinophils and their intricate associations with the gastrointestinal tract. Clinicians ought to stay sensitive to EGIDs as a diagnostic likelihood for patients with general gastrointestinal symptoms. Further research is warranted to establish various methods leading to dysfunction coupled with eosinophilic gastrointestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals Burden of drug use for gastrointestinal symptoms and functional gastrointestinal disorders in France: a national study using reimbursement data for 57 million inhabitants

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481985379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Tuppin ◽  
Sébastien Rivière ◽  
David Deutsch ◽  
Christelle Gastaldi-Menager ◽  
Jean-Marc Sabaté
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
National Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Gastrointestinal therapeutic drugs (GTDs) are extensively prescribed. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of GTD use in a large population: the French general health scheme beneficiaries (87% of the 66 million inhabitants) in 2016. Methods: The national health data system was used to identify individual characteristics, diseases and GTD classes reimbursed, together with the costs, using anatomical therapeutic chemical class. Results: Among the 57.5 million individuals included, 45% received at least one reimbursement among the 130 million prescriptions reimbursed (90% prescribed by a general practitioner): proton-pump inhibitors (PPI; A02BC: 24%), drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders (A03: 20%), drugs for constipation (A06: 10%), antidiarrheals, intestinal anti-inflammatory/anti-infective agents (A07: 10%), antiemetics and antinauseants (A04: 7%), other drugs for acid-related disorders (A02X: 6%), other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (A02BX: 4.5%), antacids (A02A: 1.5%). The overall cost of reimbursed GTDs was €707 million and the mean cost per user was €28. Marked variations were observed according to age, sex, and disease. The rates of at least one reimbursement among infants were A07: 28%, A03: 17%, A02BX: 9%, A02X: 7%, A02BC: 6% and A06: 5%. Women more frequently received a reimbursement than men for each GTD class. Reimbursement rates also varied according to health status (end-stage renal disease A02BC: 66%, pregnancy A03: 53%, A04: 11%), treatments (people with at least six reimbursements for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 2016 A02BC: 62%). Chronic GTD use (>10 reimbursements/year) was observed in 19% of people with at least one A02BC reimbursement, A02BX: 11%, A03: 7%, A04: 2%, A06: 17% and A07: 3%. Conclusions: This study demonstrates extensive and chronic use of GTD in France, raising the question of their relevance according to current guidelines. They must be disseminated to general practitioners, who are the main prescribers of these drugs.

scholarly journals Clinical Utility of LCT Genotyping in Children with Suspected Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3017
Author(s):  
María L. Couce ◽  
Paula Sánchez-Pintos ◽  
Emiliano González-Vioque ◽  
Rosaura Leis
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactose Malabsorption ◽  
Dairy Consumption

Genetic testing is a good predictor of lactase persistence (LP) in specific populations but its clinical utility in children is less clear. We assessed the role of lactose malabsorption in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in children and the correlation between the lactase non-persistence (LNP) genotype and phenotype, based on exhaled hydrogen and gastrointestinal symptoms, during a hydrogen breath test (HBT). We also evaluate dairy consumption in this sample. We conducted a 10-year cross-sectional study in a cohort of 493 children with suspected FGID defined by Roma IV criteria. Distribution of the C/T-13910 genotype was as follows: CC, 46.0%; TT, 14.4% (LP allele frequency, 34.1%). The phenotype frequencies of lactose malabsorption and intolerance were 36.3% and 41.5%, respectively. We observed a strong correlation between genotype and both lactose malabsorption (Cramér’s V, 0.28) and intolerance (Cramér’s V, 0.54). The frequency of the LNP genotype (p = 0.002) and of malabsorption and intolerance increased with age (p = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). In 61% of children, evaluated dairy consumption was less than recommended. No association was observed between dairy intake and diagnosis. In conclusion, we found a significant correlation between genotype and phenotype, greater in older children, suggesting that the clinical value of genetic testing increases with age.

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