scholarly journals The Double Burden of Malnutrition and Associated Factors among South Asian Adolescents: Findings from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2867
Author(s):  
Sara Estecha Querol ◽  
Romaina Iqbal ◽  
Laura Kudrna ◽  
Lena Al-Khudairy ◽  
Paramijit Gill
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
School Based ◽  
Asian Adolescents ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

The health and nutrition of the global adolescent population have been under-researched, in spite of its significant size (1.2 billion). This study investigates the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition (stunting, thinness and overweight) among adolescents living in South Asia. The sample analysed was 24,053 South Asian schooled adolescents aged 12–15 years that participated in the cross-sectional Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) between 2009 and 2016. The prevalence of stunting, thinness and overweight was calculated using the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Reference 2007. Associations between the three forms of malnutrition and their possible associated factors were assessed with binary logistic regression analysis using bootstrapping as a resampling method. The overall prevalence of stunting in South Asia was 13%, thinness was 10.8% and overweight was 10.8%. In the logistic regression model of the overall pooled sample, the factors associated with adolescent malnutrition were: age, hygiene behaviours, social support, sedentary behaviour, and tobacco use. A substantial proportion of stunting, thinness and overweight was found among school-going South Asian adolescents, indicating that the double burden of malnutrition is present in this population. Future research should seek to further understand the relationship between all forms of malnutrition and its associated factors in the adolescent population.

scholarly journals The double burden of malnutrition among adolescents: analysis of data from the Global School-Based Student Health and Health Behavior in School-Aged Children surveys in 57 low- and middle-income countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Caleyachetty ◽  
G N Thomas ◽  
Andre P Kengne ◽  
Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui ◽  
Samantha Schilsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
School Based ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

ABSTRACT Background Adults and young children in countries experiencing the nutrition transition are known to be affected simultaneously by undernutrition and overnutrition. Adolescence is a critical period for growth and development. Yet, it is unknown to what extent this double burden of malnutrition affects adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and the macrolevel contextual factors associated with the double burden of malnutrition. Objective The aim was to quantify the magnitude of the double burden of malnutrition among adolescents and to examine the potential sources of heterogeneity in prevalence estimates across LMICs. Design We used individual-participant data from the Global School-Based Student Health and Health Behavior in School-Aged Children surveys conducted in 57 LMICs between 2003 and 2013, comprising 129,276 adolescents aged 12–15 y. Pooled estimates of stunting, thinness, or both; overweight or obesity; and concurrent stunting and overweight or obesity were calculated overall, by regions, and stratified by sex, with random-effects meta-analysis. Guided by UNICEF's conceptual framework for child malnutrition, we used ecological linear regression models to examine the association between macrolevel contextual factors (internal conflict, lack of democracy, gross domestic product, food insecurity, urbanization, and survey year) and stunting, thinness, and overweight and obesity prevalence, respectively. Results The prevalence of stunting was 10.2% (95% CI: 8.3%, 12.2%) and of thinness was 5.5% (95% CI: 4.3%, 6.9%). The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 21.4% (95% CI: 18.6%, 24.2%). Between 38.4% and 58.7% of the variance in adolescent malnutrition was explained by macrolevel contextual factors. The prevalence of concurrent stunting and overweight or obesity was 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7%, 2.5%). Conclusions The double burden of malnutrition among adolescents in LMICs is common. Context-sensitive implementation and scale-up of interventions and policies for the double burden of malnutrition are needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal to end malnutrition in all of its forms by 2030. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03346473.

scholarly journals Wasting and Associated Factors among Children under 5 Years in Five South Asian Countries (2014–2018): Analysis of Demographic Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4578
Author(s):  
Nidhi Wali ◽  
Kingsley E. E. Agho ◽  
Andre M. N. Renzaho
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Sampling Weights

Child wasting continues to be a major public health concern in South Asia, having a prevalence above the emergency threshold. This paper aimed to identify factors associated with wasting among children aged 0–23 months, 24–59 months, and 0–59 months in South Asia. A weighted sample of 564,518 children aged 0–59 months from the most recent demographic and health surveys (2014–2018) of five countries in South Asia was combined. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights were used to examine associated factors. Wasting prevalence was higher for children aged 0–23 months (25%) as compared to 24–59 months (18%), with variations in prevalence across the South Asian countries. The most common factor associated with child wasting was maternal BMI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for 0–23 months = 2.02; 95% CI: (1.52, 2.68); AOR for 24–59 months = 2.54; 95% CI: (1.83, 3.54); AOR for 0–59 months = 2.18; 95% CI: (1.72, 2.77)]. Other factors included maternal height and age, household wealth index, birth interval and order, children born at home, and access to antenatal visits. Study findings suggest need for nutrition specific and sensitive interventions focused on women, as well as adolescents and children under 2 years of age.

scholarly journals Double burden of malnutrition in children aged 24-59 months by socioeconomic status in five South Asian countries: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariha Binte Hossain ◽  
Md Shajedur Rahman Shawon ◽  
Md Shehab Uddin Al-Abid ◽  
Sultan Mahmood Sami ◽  
Gourab Adhikary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeveloping countries are now facing double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition among children and adults. We aimed to explore the double burden of malnutrition among children aged 24-59 months by household’s socioeconomic status in South Asian context.MethodsChildren with valid information on height and weight from the latest Demographic and Health Survey from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Maldives, and Nepal were included in this study. Underweight and overweight were defined according to definitions of World Health Organisation and International Obesity Task Force, respectively. We used multiple logistic regressions to estimate the association of socioeconomic status with childhood underweight and overweight.ResultsSouth Asian countries had significant burden of underweight, ranging from 19% in Maldives to 38% in India. Bangladesh, India, and Nepal had prevalence of overweight between 2% and 4%, whereas Pakistan and Maldives had prevalence of 7% and 9%, respectively. Households with higher wealth index and education were consistently associated with lower odds of underweight children. When compared to poorest households, richest households had higher odds of being overweight in Bangladesh (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.27-3.02) and India (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.41-1.66) while lower odds of being overweight in Pakistan (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.34). Households with higher education were more likely to have overweight children in Bangladesh and India.ConclusionsChildhood underweight is associated with lower socioeconomic conditions while there is a substantial burden of childhood overweight in higher socioeconomic groups. These disparities by socioeconomic conditions should be considered while developing national nutrition programs and strategies.KEY MESSAGESIn South Asia, there is a substantial burden of undernutrition among under-five children while a differential burden of overnutrition is also seen.Household wealth and educational attainment were inversely associated with childhood underweight.Children in households with higher levels of wealth and educational attainment were more likely to be overweight in Bangladesh and India, while evidence supporting such association was not clear for other South Asian countries.The urban-rural difference in the burden of childhood underweight and overweight can be explained by the distributions of households’ socioeconomic status.

Bullying victimization and adverse health behaviors among school‐going adolescents in South Asia: Findings from the global school‐based student health survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 995-1006
Author(s):  
Md. Mosfequr Rahman ◽  
Md. Mosiur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mostaured Ali Khan ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Kamrun N. Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
School Based

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Colombian Rural Households

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Ana María Sansón-Rosas ◽  
Jennifer Bernal-Rivas ◽  
Stan Kubow ◽  
Andrés Suarez ◽  
Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine in Colombian rural households the association between different severity levels of household food insecurity and the presence of the double burden of malnutrition (SCOWT), defined as the coexistence of a stunted child under five years and an overweight or obese (OWOB) mother. Design: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from the Colombian National Nutritional Survey (ENSIN) 2015. Household food insecurity status was assessed by using the Latin-American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The household SCOWT status (child stunting and OWOB mother) was determined using anthropometric data from a mother and her child. Setting: Rural Colombia Participants: 2.350 mother-child pairs living in the same household Results: Sixty-two percent of the households were food insecure and SCOWT was present in 7.8% of the households. Moderate (OR: 2.39 – CI: 1.36 - 4.21) and severe (OR: 1.86 – CI: 1.10 - 3.15) food insecurity was associated with SCOWT in an unadjusted logistic regression. Only moderate food insecurity remained significantly associated with SCOWT in a multivariate logistic regression (aOR: 2.41 - IC: 1.24 – 4.68). Conclusions: Colombian rural areas are not exempt from the worldwide concern of increasing OWOB rates while stunting is still persistent. These results highlight the need of implementing double duty rural actions targeting most vulnerable households to SCOWT, particularly in terms of overcoming food insecurity beyond hunger satisfaction to prevent all forms of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Intra-household double burden of malnutrition in a North African nutrition transition context: magnitude and associated factors of child anaemia with mother excess adiposity

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Sassi ◽  
Mohamed Mehdi Abassi ◽  
Pierre Traissac ◽  
Houda Ben Gharbia ◽  
Agnès Gartner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Anaemic Child ◽  
Excess Adiposity ◽  
Obese Mother ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

AbstractObjectiveIn the Middle East and North Africa region, the nutrition transition has resulted in drastic increases in excess adiposity, particularly among women, while some types of undernutrition remain prevalent, especially among pre-school children. We assessed the magnitude, nature and associated factors of the within-household co-occurrence of anaemia in children and excess adiposity in mothers.DesignCross-sectional survey using stratified two-stage random cluster sampling to survey households with women aged 20–49 years. BMI≥25·0 kg/m2 defined overweight and BMI≥30·0 kg/m2 obesity, while anaemia for children was defined as Hb<110 g/l. The associations between child anaemia and mother excess adiposity, and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were estimated by multinomial regression.SettingGreater Tunis area, Tunisia, in 2009–2010.SubjectsChildren aged 6–59 months living with their 20–49-year-old mothers (437 child–mother pairs).ResultsThe most prevalent double burden of malnutrition in child–mother pairs by far was the anaemic child and overweight mother (24·4 %; 95 % CI 20·1, 29·3 %). A significant proportion of pairs were anaemic child and obese mother (14·4 %; 95 % CI 11·0, 18·5 %). The co-occurrence of anaemia in child and excess adiposity in mother was neither synergetic nor antagonistic (P=0·59 and 0·40 for anaemia–overweight and anaemia–obesity, respectively). This double burden was more frequent among child–mother pairs with younger children, with mothers of higher parity and higher energy intakes.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of anaemic child and overweight or obese mother requires special attention e.g. through interventions which simultaneously target both types of malnutrition within the same household.

scholarly journals Household-level double burden of malnutrition in Ethiopia: a comparison of Addis Ababa and the rural district of Kersa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Lilia Bliznashka ◽  
Mia M Blakstad ◽  
Yemane Berhane ◽  
Amare W Tadesse ◽  
Nega Assefa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

Abstract Objective: To examine the prevalence of and factors associated with different forms of household-level double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in Ethiopia. Design: We defined DBM using anthropometric measures for adult overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), child stunting (height-for-age Z-score <-2 sd) and overweight (weight-for-height Z-score ≥2 sd). We considered sixteen biological, environmental, behavioural and socio-demographic factors. Their association with DBM forms was assessed using generalised linear models. Setting: We used data from two cross-sectional studies in an urban (Addis Ababa, January–February 2018), and rural setting (Kersa District, June–September 2019). Participants: Five hundred ninety-two urban and 862 rural households with an adult man, adult woman and child <5 years. Results: In Addis Ababa, overweight adult and stunted child was the most prevalent DBM form (9 % (95 % CI 7, 12)). Duration of residence in Addis Ababa (adjusted OR (aOR) 1·03 (95 % CI 1·00, 1·06)), Orthodox Christianity (aOR 1·97 (95 % CI 1·01, 3·85)) and household size (aOR 1·24 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·54)) were associated factors. In Kersa, concurrent child overweight and stunting was the most prevalent DBM form (11 % (95 % CI 9, 14)). Housing quality (aOR 0·33 (95 % CI 0·20, 0·53)), household wealth (aOR 1·92 (95 % CI 1·18, 3·11) and sanitation (aOR 2·08 (95 % CI 1·07, 4·04)) were associated factors. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, only housing quality remained a significant factor. Conclusions: DBM prevalence was low among urban and rural Ethiopian households. Environmental, socio-economic and demographic factors emerged as potential associated factors. However, we observed no common associated factors among urban and rural households.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the double burden of malnutrition among adolescents, National Adolescent School-Based Health Survey (PENSE 2009 and 2015)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0218566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Caffé Oliveira Uzêda ◽  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Natanael de Jesus Silva ◽  
Rosemeire L. Fiaccone ◽  
Débora C. Malta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Based ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition
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