scholarly journals Trajectories of Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991–2018

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiguo Zhang ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Feifei Huang ◽  
Xiaofan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Initial Score ◽  
The Impact

It is essential to understand the impact of different dietary pattern trajectories on health over time. Therefore, we aimed to explore the long-term trajectories of dietary patterns among Chinese adults and examine the prospective association between different trajectory groups and the risk of overweight/obesity. The sample was 9299 adults aged 18 years or older from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 1991 and 2018. We used factor analysis to identify dietary patterns and group-based trajectory modeling to identify dietary pattern trajectories. Three trajectories of a southern pattern and a modern pattern and four trajectories of a meat pattern were identified. Participants who followed the highest initial score and a slight decrease trajectory (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.54) of the meat dietary pattern were positively associated with risk of overweight/obesity when compared with the lowest initial score trajectory. The southern dietary pattern and the modern dietary pattern trajectories of participants in Group 2 (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.81; OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.91) and Group 3 (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.91; OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.90) were associated with lower risk of overweight/obesity when compared with Group 1. We observed that dietary pattern trajectories have different associations with overweight/obesity among Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and their associations with childhood obesity in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 1978-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiguo Zhang ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Youfa Wang ◽  
Hong Xue ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

Dietary patterns represent the combined effects of foods, and illustrate efficaciously the impact of diet on health outcomes. Some findings of previous studies have limited applicability to Chinese children due to cultural factors. The presnt study was designed to identify dietary patterns and determine their relationships with obesity among Chinese children and adolescents. Data collected from 1282 children and adolescents aged 7–17 years from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were used. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis of data from three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Weight and height were measured following standard methods, and BMI was calculated. Three dietary patterns were identified: modern (high intakes of milk, fast foods and eggs), traditional north (high intakes of wheat, tubers and other cereals) and traditional south (high intakes of vegetables, rice and pork). After adjusting for some confounders and total energy intake, subjects in the highest quartiles of the modern and traditional north patterns were found to have significantly greater risk of obesity (OR 3·10, 95 % CI 1·52, 6·32, and OR 2·42, 95 % CI 1·34, 4·39, respectively). In conclusion, the modern dietary pattern and the traditional north dietary pattern were associated with higher risk of obesity. Promoting healthier eating patterns could help prevent obesity in Chinese children.

scholarly journals Longitudinal trajectories of diet quality and subsequent mortality among Chinese adults: results from the China health and nutrition survey 1997–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-wei Liu ◽  
Sarah A. McNaughton ◽  
Qi-qiang He ◽  
Rebecca Leech
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background China has witnessed a significant nutritional transition. However, there is a gap in the literature investigating the association between change of diet and mortality among Chinese. Thus, we aimed to explore the longitudinal trajectories of diet quality over 10 years (from 1997 to 2006) and the subsequent risk of death till 2015 among Chinese adults. Methods Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed in 6398 adults. Dietary intake was assessed using three consecutive 24-h recalls. Diet quality was assessed by the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI), which includes 17 components and is based on the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese. Latent Class Growth Analysis was conducted to derive trajectories of diet quality over 10 years. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios for total mortality. Results Four distinct CHEI trajectories were identified: 1) worsening; 2) low-moderate-low; 3) improving; 4) high-moderate-high. Group 3 had the lowest mortality rate (5.6%) in the subsequent 9 years, while the groups with worsening or low diet quality had a higher mortality rate (Group 1: 7.5%; Group 2: 10.8%). In the fully adjusted model, compared to group 2, mortality rates were lower for group 3 (RR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.97) and group 4 (RR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.98). No associations with mortality were found for the group 1, when compared to group 2. Conclusions Long-term improved diet quality and adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese may decrease the risk of death in Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns in Mexican preschool children are associated with stunting and overweight

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Mario E. Flores ◽  
Marta Rivera-Pasquel ◽  
Nayeli Macías ◽  
Luisa María Sánchez-Zamorano ◽  
Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between dietary patterns, stunting, and overweight among Mexican preschoolers. METHODS This study was conducted with anthropometric (weight, height/length), sociodemographic (age, gender, education level of household head, socioeconomic status, country region and area, ethnicity, and beneficiary of social programs), and dietary data (Semiquantitative-food frequency questionnaire) on children aged from 1 to 4 years collected from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey-2012. Dietary patterns were derived by principal components analysis. The association between dietary patterns, stunting, and overweight was assessed by prevalence ratios (PR), estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS In total, 1,112 preschoolers (mean age 3.06 years, SD = 1.08 years; 48.8% females) were included in the study; 11.9% of whom presented stunting, and 6.7% overweight. We identified four dietary patterns: Fruits and Vegetables [F&V], Western [W], Traditional [T], and Milk and Liquids [M&L]. Considering the lowest tertile of each dietary pattern as reference, the prevalence of stunting was 2.04 times higher [95%CI: 1.17–3.56] among children in the highest tertile of the “F&V” pattern. The prevalence of stunting was lower among children in the highest tertile of the “W” pattern [PR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.27–0.85]. Overweight was negatively associated with the “F&V” dietary pattern [PR = 0.37; 95%CI: 0.16–0.85 for its highest tertile], and children whose consumption was mostly equivalent to the “T” pattern showed higher prevalence of stunting [PR = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.01–3.00]. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of stunting and overweight in a nationwide sample of Mexican preschoolers was associated with dietary patterns.

scholarly journals Longitudinal study of the relationship between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes in Chinese adult residents: Data from China Health and Nutrition Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251377
Author(s):  
Zhenkai Ma ◽  
Mo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact

Background Increasing coffee intake was inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in Western countries. However, in China where coffee consumption and diabetes population has been growing fast in recent years, studies on the impact of coffee intakes on the onset of type 2 diabetes are lacking. This study attempts to determine the associations between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults. Methods This longitudinal study analyzed 10447 adults who had participated in at least two rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), which is a survey database of multistage, random cluster process during 1993–2011. Coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes incidence were measured in the survey. Body mass index (BMI), age, sex, place of residence, waves, education level, smoking, drinking alcohol and tea drinking frequency were adjusted as covariate. We used longitudinal fixed effects regression models to assess changes within person. Results After adjusting confounding factors, lower risk of diabetes is observed among Chinese adults who drink coffee occasionally (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)  = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.34) and drink almost every day (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.83), compared with those who do not or hardly drink. In the subgroup analysis, among women aged 45–59 who drink coffee one to three times a week (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.52) and men over 60 who drink coffee almost every day (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.07, 0.53), protective effects were found. For young men aged 19–29, drinking coffee almost every day showed a risk effect (AOR = 20.21, 95% CI = 5.96–68.57). Conclusions Coffee drinking habit is an independent protective factor for adult on type 2 diabetes in China. And it varies among people with different ages and genders. The rapid growth of coffee consumption in China in recent years may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, but at the same time, the risk of type 2 diabetes in adolescents needs attention.

scholarly journals Twenty-Five-Year Trends in Dietary Patterns among Chinese Adults from 1991 to 2015

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327
Author(s):  
Jiguo Zhang ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Wenwen Du ◽  
Feifei Huang ◽  
Hongru Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Data

Poor dietary habits have been shown to be associated with a range of chronic diseases and can potentially be a major contributor to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) mortality. We therefore aimed to identify the prevailing dietary patterns among Chinese adults and to evaluate trends in dietary patterns from 1991 to 2015. We used data collected in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis of data from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. We studied 29,238 adults aged 18 and above with complete demo-graphic and dietary data. Three distinct dietary patterns were identified: southern (high intakes of rice, vegetables, and pork), modern (high intakes of fruits, dairy products, cakes, cookies, and pastries), and meat (high intakes of organ meats, poultry, and other livestock meat). The southern pattern score decreased (mean ± SD scores in 1991: 0.11 ± 1.13; scores in 2015: −0.22 ± 0.93). The modern pattern score (mean ± SD scores in 1991: −0.44 ± 0.59; scores in 2015: 0.21 ± 1.01) and meat pattern score (mean ± SD scores in 1991: −0.18 ± 0.98; scores in 2015: 0.27 ± 0.91) increased. We observed that China has experienced a shift from traditional dietary patterns to western dietary patterns.

scholarly journals Higher egg consumption associated with increased risk of diabetes in Chinese adults – China Health and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yue Wang ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Zumin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Weighed Food Record ◽  
Group 2

Abstract The association between egg consumption and diabetes is inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association between long-term egg consumption and its trajectory with diabetes in Chinese adults. A total of 8545 adults aged ≥18 years old who attended the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2009 were included in this analysis. Egg consumption at each survey was assessed by a 3-d 24-h recall and weighed food record methods. The consumption trajectories of eggs were modelled with the latent class group approach. Diabetes was diagnosed based on fasting blood glucose in 2009. Logistic regression was used to examine the association. The mean age of the study population was 50·9 (sd 15·1) years. About 11·1 % had diabetes in 2009. Egg consumption nearly doubled in 2009 from 16 g/d in 1991. Compared with the first quartile of egg consumption (0–9·0 g/d), the adjusted OR of diabetes for the second (9·1–20·6 g/d), third (20·7–37·5 g/d) and fourth (≥37·6 g/d) quartiles were 1·29 (95 % CI 1·03, 1·62), 1·37 (95 % CI 1·09, 1·72) and 1·25 (95 % CI 1·04, 1·64), respectively (Pfor trend = 0·029). Three trajectory groups of egg consumption were identified. Compared with group 1 (30·7 %, low baseline intake and slight increase), both group 2 (62·2 %, medium baseline intake and increase) and group 3 (7·1 %, high baseline intake and decrease) were associated with an increased OR for diabetes. The results suggested that higher egg consumption was positively associated with the risk of diabetes in Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Trajectories of Energy Intake Distribution and Risk of Dyslipidemia: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991–2018)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Song ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Wenwen Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Estimation Of Variance ◽  
Group 1

Few studies have examined the secular trend of energy intake distribution. This study aims to describe trajectories of energy intake distribution and determine their association with dyslipidemia risk. Data of 2843 adult participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed. Trajectory groups of energy intake distribution were identified by multi-trajectory model over 27 years. Multilevel mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance was used to calculate risk ratio for incident dyslipidemia in a 9-year follow-up. Four trajectory groups were identified: “Energy evenly distributed group” (Group 1), “Lunch and dinner energy dominant group” (Group 2), “Dinner energy dominant group” (Group 3), “breakfast and dinner energy dominant group” (Group 4). Compared with Group 1, Group 3 was associated with higher risk of dyslipidemia (RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.26, 1.75), hypercholesterolemia (RR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.37, 2.81) and high low-density lipoproteins cholesterols (LDL-C) (RR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.82, 3.20). A U-shape was observed between cumulative average proportion of dinner energy and dyslipidemia risk (p for non-linear = 0.01), with stronger relationship at 40% and above. Energy intake distribution characterized by higher proportion of dinner energy, especially over 40% was associated with higher dyslipidemia risk in Chinese adults.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns are associated with insulin resistance in Chinese adults without known diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (9) ◽  
pp. 1662-1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zuo ◽  
Zumin Shi ◽  
Baojun Yuan ◽  
Yue Dai ◽  
Xiaoqun Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

The aim of the present study was to examine the association between dietary patterns and insulin resistance in Chinese adults without known diabetes. Study subjects were 1070 Chinese adults aged 18 years and above in Jiangsu Province who participated in the 2006 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Usual dietary intake was assessed by using a validated FFQ. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis using a principal component analysis method. Insulin resistance was defined as the highest quartile of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores. We derived four dietary patterns in our population by factor analysis: the Western, High-wheat, Traditional and Hedonic pattern. After adjusted for potential confounders, the Western pattern was significantly associated with greater odds for insulin resistance (P for trend = 0·009), while a significant negative association was found between the Hedonic pattern and insulin resistance (P for trend = 0·035). Compared with the lowest quartile of the Western pattern, the highest quartile had higher odds of insulin resistance (adjusted OR 1·89, 95 % CI 1·12, 3·19). There was a 42 % decrease in the odds after adjustment for all covariates in the highest quartile of the Hedonic pattern, compared with the lowest quartile (adjusted OR 0·58, 95 % CI 0·34, 0·99). HOMA-IR levels as a continuous variable also increased across the quartiles of the Western pattern and decreased across the quartiles of the Hedonic pattern. In conclusion, dietary patterns were significantly associated with insulin resistance in Chinese adults without known diabetes.

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