scholarly journals The Development of Feeding and Eating Disorders after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2396
Author(s):  
João Victor Taba ◽  
Milena Oliveira Suzuki ◽  
Fernanda Sayuri do Nascimento ◽  
Leandro Ryuchi Iuamoto ◽  
Wu Tu Hsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders

Background: Patients in the postoperative period following bariatric surgery are at risk of developing eating disorders. This study aims to analyze the relation between bariatric surgery and the development and recurrence of eating disorders. Material and methods: A literature review was carried out on 15 November 2020. Fourteen studies that met the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative synthesis, and 7 studies for meta-analysis. Results: The prevalence of eating disorders in the postoperative period was 7.83%, based on the 7 studies in the meta-analysis. Binge eating disorder alone was 3.81%, which was the most significant factor, and addressed in 6 of these studies. Conclusion: The investigated studies have significant methodological limitations in assessing the relation between bariatric surgery and eating disorders, since they mostly present data on prevalence. PROSPERO CRD42019135614.

scholarly journals The Development of Feeding and Eating Disorders after Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Victor Taba ◽  
Milena Oliveira Suzuki ◽  
Fernanda Sayuri do Nascimento ◽  
Leandro Ryuchi Iuamoto ◽  
Wu Tu Hsing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders

Background: Patients in the postoperative period following bariatric surgery are at risk of developing eating disorders. This study aims to analyse the relation between bariatric surgery and the development and recurrence of eating disorders. Material and methods: Literature review was done on 15th November 2020. Fourteen studies that met the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative synthesis, and 7 studies for meta-analysis. Results: The prevalence of eating disorders in the postoperative period was 7.83%, based on the 7 studies in the meta-analysis. Binge eating disorder alone was 3.81%, which was the most significant factor, and addressed in 6 of these studies. Conclusion: The investigated studies have significant methodological limitations in assessing the relation between bariatric surgery and eating disorders, since they mostly present data on prevalence. PROSPERO CRD42019135614.

scholarly journals Prevention of Eating Disorders at Universities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Harrer ◽  
Sophia Helen Adam ◽  
Eva-Maria Messner ◽  
Harald Baumeister ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Eating Disorder Prevention ◽  
Disorder Prevention

Background. Eating problems are highly prevalent among young adults. Universities could be an optimal setting to prevent eating disorders through psychological intervention. As part of the World Mental Health-International College Student initiative, this systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes data on the efficacy of eating disorder prevention programs targeting university students.Method. A systematic literature search of bibliographical databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO) for randomized trials comparing psychological preventive interventions for eating disorders in university students to psychoeducation or inactive controls was performed through October 8th, 2018.Results. Twenty-two studies were included. Eight (36.4%) were rated to have a low risk of bias. The relative risk of developing a subthreshold or full-blown eating disorder was IRR=0.62 (95%CI: 0.44-0.87, n=8; standardized clinical interviews only), indicating a 38% decrease in incidence in the intervention groups compared to controls. Small to moderate between- group effects at post-test were found on self-reported global eating disorder symptoms (g=0.36, 95%CI: 0.25-0.47, n=20), dieting (g=0.47, 95%CI: 0.30- 0.64, n=18), body dissatisfaction (g=0.50, 95%CI: 0.33-0.67, n=14), drive for thinness (g=0.43, 95%CI: 0.27-0.59, n=12), weight concerns (g=0.33, 95%CI: 0.10-0.57, n=13) and affective symptoms (g=0.28, 95%CI: 0.16-0.40, n=14). Effects on bulimia were not significant. Heterogeneity was low to moderate across comparisons.Discussion. Eating disorder prevention on campus can have significant, small-to-moderate effects on eating disorder symptoms and risk factors. Results also suggest that the prevention of subthreshold and full-syndrome eating disorders is feasible using such interventions. More research is needed to identify effects on academic functioning, as well as ways to motivate students to use preventive eating disorder interventions.

scholarly journals Problematic usage of the internet and eating disorders: a multifaceted, systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Ioannidis ◽  
Charlotte Taylor ◽  
Leah Holt ◽  
Kate Brown ◽  
Christine Lochner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Multiple Levels

Eating disorders are widespread illnesses with significant impact. There is growing concern about how those at risk of eating disorders overuse online resources to their detriment. We conducted a pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI) and eating disorders. The meta-analysis comprised n=32,295 participants, in which PUI was correlated with significant eating disorder psychopathology Pearson r=0.22 (s.e.=0.04, p<0.001), body dissatisfaction r=0.16 (s.e.=0.02, p<0.001), drive-for-thinness r=0.16 (s.e.=0.04, p<0.001) and dietary restraint r=0.18 (s.e.=0.03). Effects were not moderated by gender, PUI facet or study quality. Results are in support of PUI impacting significantly on vulnerable populations towards the development or maintenance of eating disorder psychopathology; males may be equally vulnerable to these potential effects. Prospective and experimental studies in the field suggest that small but significant effects exist and may have accumulative influence over time and across all age groups. Those findings are important to expand our understanding of PUI as a multifaceted concept and its impact on multiple levels of ascertainment of eating disorder psychopathology.

Environmental, behavioural and multicomponent interventions to reduce adults' sitting time: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2017-098968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M Peachey ◽  
Julie Richardson ◽  
Ada V Tang ◽  
Vanina Dal-Bello Haas ◽  
Janelle Gravesande
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
Multicomponent Interventions

ObjectiveTo examine the overall effectiveness of interventions for reducing adult sedentary behaviour and to directly compare environmental, behavioural and multicomponent interventions.DesignIntervention systematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesOvid PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE, EBSCOHost CINAHL, EBSCOHost SPORTDiscus and PubMed were searched from inception to 26 July 2017.Eligibility criteriaTrials including randomised controlled trials, quasi-randomised, cluster-randomised, parallel group, prepost, factorial and crossover trials where the primary aim was to change the sedentary behaviour of healthy adults assessed by self-report (eg, questionnaires, logs) or objective measures (eg, accelerometry).ResultsThirty-eight trials of 5983 participants published between 2003 and 2017 were included in the qualitative synthesis; 35 studies were included in the quantitative analysis (meta-analysis). The pooled effect was a significant reduction in daily sitting time of −30.37 min/day (95% CI −40.86 to −19.89) favouring the intervention group. Reductions in sitting time were similar between workplace (−29.96 min/day; 95% CI −44.05 to –15.87) and other settings (−30.47 min/day; 95% CI −44.68 to –16.26), which included community, domestic and recreational environments. Environmental interventions had the largest reduction in daily sitting time (−40.59 min/day; 95% CI −61.65 to –19.53), followed by multicomponent (−35.53 min/day; 95% CI −57.27 to –13.79) and behavioural (−23.87 min/day; 95% CI −37.24 to –10.49) interventions.ConclusionInterventions targeting adult sedentary behaviour reduced daily sitting time by an average of 30 min/day, which was likely clinically meaningful.

scholarly journals Genetic basis of cannabis use: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alannah Hillmer ◽  
Caroul Chawar ◽  
Stephanie Sanger ◽  
Alessia D’Elia ◽  
Mehreen Butt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

Abstract Background With the increase in cannabis use rates, cannabis use disorder is being reported as one of the most common drug use disorders globally. Cannabis use has several known physical, psychological, and social adverse events, such as altered judgement, poor educational outcomes, and respiratory symptoms. The propensity for taking cannabis and the development of a cannabis use disorder may be genetically influenced for some individuals. Heritability estimates suggest a genetic basis for cannabis use, and several genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified possible regions of association, albeit with inconsistent findings. This systematic review aims to summarize the findings from GWASs investigating cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Methods This systematic review incorporates articles that have performed a GWAS investigating cannabis use or cannabis use disorder. MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, GWAS Catalog, GWAS Central, and NIH Database of Genotype and Phenotype were searched using a comprehensive search strategy. All studies were screened in duplicate, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the quality of genetic association studies (Q-Genie) tool. All studies underwent qualitative synthesis; however, quantitative analysis was not feasible. Results Our search identified 5984 articles. Six studies met our eligibility criteria and were included in this review. All six studies reported results that met our significance threshold of p ≤ 1.0 × 10–7. In total 96 genetic variants were identified. While meta-analysis was not possible, this review identified the following genes, ANKFN1, INTS7, PI4K2B, CSMD1, CST7, ACSS1, and SCN9A, to be associated with cannabis use. These regions were previously reported in different mental health conditions, however not in relation to cannabis use. Conclusion This systematic review summarized GWAS findings within the field of cannabis research. While a meta-analysis was not possible, the summary of findings serves to inform future candidate gene studies and replication efforts. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO CRD42020176016.

scholarly journals Statins and Risk of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-635
Author(s):  
Karn Wijarnpreecha ◽  
Elizabeth S Aby ◽  
Hassan Ghoz ◽  
Wisit Cheungpasitporn ◽  
Frank J Lukens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Current Systematic Review ◽  
Inverse Variance

Background and Aims: The use of statins has been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in many studies although the results have been inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to further investigate this possible association by identifying all relevant studies and combining their results together. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through March 2020 to identify all studies that compared the risk of CCA among individuals who use statins with individuals who do not use statins. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. Results: A total of seven studies with 6,251,187 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis found a significantly decreased risk of CCA among individuals who use statins compared with individuals who do not use statins with the pooled odds ratio of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.52-0.89; I 2 96%). Conclusions: The current systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association between the use of statins and a decreased risk of CCA.

scholarly journals Compulsory treatments in eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rita Atti ◽  
Tomas Mastellari ◽  
Stefano Valente ◽  
Maurizio Speciani ◽  
Fabio Panariello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Level I

Abstract Introduction The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to provide a summary of the current literature concerning compulsory treatments in patients with eating disorders (ED) and to understand whether compulsorily and involuntarily treated patients differ in terms of baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes. Methods Relevant articles were identified following the PRISMA guidelines by searching the following terms: “treatment refusal”, “forced feeding”, “compulsory/coercive/involuntary/forced treatment/admission”, “eating disorders”, “feeding and eating disorders”, “anorexia nervosa”, “bulimia nervosa”. Research was restricted to articles concerning humans and published between 1975 and 2020 in English. Results Out of 905 articles retrieved, nine were included for the analyses allowing the comparisons between 242 compulsorily and 738 voluntarily treated patients. Mean body mass index (BMI) was slightly lower in patients compelled to treatments. Mean illness duration, BMI at discharge and BMI variation showed no significant differences between the two groups. Average length of hospitalization was 3 weeks longer among compulsory-treated patients, but this did not result in a higher increase in BMI. No significant risk difference on mortality was estimated (three studies). Conclusions Compulsory treatments are usually intended for patients having worse baseline conditions than voluntary ones. Those patients are unlikely to engage in treatments without being compelled but, after the treatments, albeit with longer hospitalisations, they do achieve similar outcomes. Therefore, we can conclude that forcing patients to treatment is a conceivable option. Level of evidence Level I, systematic review and meta-analysis.

The impacts of COVID-19 on eating disorders and disordered eating: A mixed studies systematic review and implications for healthcare professionals, carers, and self

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney McLean ◽  
Ranjani Utpala ◽  
Gemma Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The unique constraints to everyday life brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic have been shown to negatively impact those with pre-existing mental health issues such as eating disorders. While individuals with eating disorders or disordered eating behaviours represent a vulnerable group to COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of the pandemic is yet to be fully established. As such, we systematically examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders and disordered eating behaviours. Method: We searched electronic databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE for literature published until October 2021. Eligible studies were required to report on individuals with or without a diagnosed eating disorder or disordered eating behaviours who were exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Seventy-two studies met eligibility criteria with the majority supporting an increase in eating disorder or disordered eating behaviours associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, children and adolescents and individuals with a diagnosed eating disorder present a vulnerable group to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussion: This systematic review provides a timely insight into COVID-19 eating disorder literature and will assist in understanding possible future long-term impacts of the pandemic on eating disorders behaviours. It appears that the role of stress in the development and maintenance of eating disorders was intensified as a means to cope with the uncertainty of the pandemic. Future research is needed among understudied and minority groups and to examine the long-term implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders and disordered eating behaviours.

Chasing the Anchor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Perceptual Anchoring Deficits in Developmental Dyslexia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt D Shulver ◽  
Nicholas A Badcock
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
English Language ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

We report the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the relationship between perceptual anchoring and dyslexia. Our goal was to assess the direction and degree of effect between perceptual anchoring and reading ability in typical and atypical (dyslexic) readers. We performed a literature search of experiments explicitly assessing perceptual anchoring and reading ability using PsycInfo (Ovid, 1860 to 2020), MEDLINE (Ovid, 1860 to 2019), EMBASE (Ovid, 1883 to 2019), and PubMed for all available years up to June (2020). Our eligibility criteria consisted of English-language articles and, at minimum, one experimental group identified as dyslexic - either by reading assessment at the time, or by previous diagnosis. We assessed for risk of bias using an adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Six studies were included in this review, but only five (n = 280 participants) were included in the meta-analysis (we were unable to access the necessary data for one study).The overall effect was negative, large and statistically significant; g = -0.87, 95% CI [-1.47, 0.27]: a negative effect size indicating less perceptual anchoring in dyslexic versus non-dyslexic groups. Visual assessment of funnel plot and Egger’s test suggest minimal bias but with significant heterogeneity; Q (4) = 9.70, PI (prediction interval) [-2.32, -0.58]. The primary limitation of the current review is the small number of included studies. We discuss methodological limitations, such as limited power, and how future research may redress these concerns. The variability of effect sizes appears consistent with the inherent variability within subtypes of dyslexia. This level of dispersion seems indicative of the how we define cut-off thresholds between typical reading and dyslexia populations, but also the methodological tools we use to investigate individual performance.

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