scholarly journals Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Status and Its Association with Childhood Obesity among Chinese Children Aged 6–17 Years

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2211
Author(s):  
Qian Gan ◽  
Peipei Xu ◽  
Titi Yang ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Chinese School ◽  
And Control

Objective: There is a remarkable growth in sugar-sweetened (SSB) production and obesity prevalence among school-aged children in China. This paper describes SSB consumption and its association with obesity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years in 2012. Methods: in total, 25,553 children aged 6~17 years enrolled in the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010–2013 were included in this study. Data of SSB consumption frequency and quantity were obtained from a food frequency questionnaire, and the children’s nutritional status was assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between SSB consumption and obesity status. Results: SSB intake was estimated as 181.0 g/day, occurring 2.2 times/week. Older children, males, children from urban areas, and children with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to consume SSBs. Children who consumed SSBs 1~<5 times/week (11.7%) and >5 times/week (12.9%) were more likely to be overweight/obesity than those who consumed SSBs less than once/week. Conclusion: SSB consumption was common among Chinese school-aged children, especially among males, older children, and children from urban areas. High consumption of SSBs was associated with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity. Actions and plans are required to reduce SSB consumption and control childhood obesity in China.

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-aged children in urban, rural and mountain areas of the Veneto Region, Italy

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 887-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Bertoncello ◽  
Romina Cazzaro ◽  
Anna Ferraresso ◽  
Roberto Mazzer ◽  
Giorgio Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Veneto Region ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
North East

AbstractObjectiveTo define the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-aged children resident in mountain areas, rural areas and urban areas.Design, setting and subjectsThe sample (n= 12 832; 50.7% boys) included 9- and 11-year-old children of the Veneto Region of north-east Italy. Overweight and obesity status were determined using the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points for body mass index. The prevalence of overweight and obese subjects was calculated with a confidence interval of 95%. The Mantel–Haenszel method was used to compare the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity among children resident in mountain areas, rural areas and urban areas.ResultsAmong boys the prevalence of overweight was 21.06%, while obesity prevalence was 5.92%; among girls overweight prevalence was 21.30%, while obesity prevalence was 5.15%. The prevalence was higher among 11-year-old boys (odds ratio (OR) = 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.33) and 9-year-old girls (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01–1.26). Children resident in rural areas presented a higher risk of overweight and obesity compared with children resident in mountain areas (Mantel–Haenszel OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.13–1.42;χ2= 17.55;P< 0.0001) and in urban areas (Mantel–Haenszel OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.07–1.31;χ2= 10.39;P< 0.001).ConclusionsA relevant prevalence of overweight and obesity was found; the excess weight concerns one child in four. There are differences linked to different geographical areas that must be further investigated.

scholarly journals Vitamin A intake in school-aged children in Draa-Tafilalet oasis regions, southeastern of Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01096
Author(s):  
Karima Azekour ◽  
Sakhr Dadda ◽  
Fouzia Sebbari ◽  
Bachir El Bouhali
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Study Data ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
School Aged Children

Vitamin A has several important functions such as preventing childhood blindness and strengthening the immune system against common diseases in children. The purpose of the present work was to assess the nutritional intake of vitamin A in oasis school-age children. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among children enrolled in public primary education establishments. 4244 school-aged children were randomly selected to take part in the study. Data on dietary vitamin A intake was assessed by the 24-hour dietary recall. Socio-economic characteristics were got using an appropriate questionnaire. Over the entire sample, the median vitamin A intake was around 409.3 μg for girls and 294.5 μg for boys. The prevalence of insufficient vitamin A intake was observed in 58.3%. The prevalence of inadequate intake according to socio-demographic and economic characteristics shows girls tend to develop vitamin A deficiency compared to boys. Children from urban areas show significant percentages of inadequacy. School-aged children with illiterate parents with low monthly income were identified as at risk of having insufficient dietary intake of vitamin A. In conclusion, we have revealed an important level of inadequacy for vitamin A in the overall processed results that must be considered.

Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foyez Haque ◽  
Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽  
Betty Ann Horbul ◽  
Patricia Desroches ◽  
Craig Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages as a policy to reduce overweight and obesity in countries of different income classifications: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Alexander Itria ◽  
Stéfani S. Borges ◽  
Ana Elisa M. Rinaldi ◽  
Luciana Bertoldi Nucci ◽  
Carla Cristina Enes
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Price Change ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the potential impact of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes on overweight and obesity prevalence in countries of different income classifications. Design: Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO number CRD42020161612). Five databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS (via Virtual Health Library) and MEDLINE (via PubMed), and Web of Science were searched, from January 2009 up to December 2019. Articles that reported changes in purchases, sales, intake, body weight, BMI, overweight and/or obesity prevalence due to a tax on, or price change in SSBs were included. Setting: Studies conducted in countries of different income classifications. Participants: The search yielded 8,349 articles of which twenty-one met inclusion criteria. Results: Among the 16 studies selected, only 2 did not show that consumption, sales and purchase decreased as the price of SSBs increased. In 8 of the 13 studies selected, a positive effect of an SSB tax on decreasing overweight and obesity prevalence was expected. It is estimated that a 20% taxation on SSBs would result in a greater decrease in the prevalence of overweight and obesity compared to a 10% rate. Studies with no significant effect of taxing on sales, purchases, consumption and prevalence of obesity were from high-income countries, while significant effects of taxing on reducing purchase, consumption and/or obesity prevalence were found in studies from upper-middle and middle-income countries. Conclusion: A high SSB tax might be an effective fiscal policy to decrease purchase and consumption of SSBs and reduce overweight/obesity prevalence, especially if the tax were specific for beverage volume.

Familiarity of Speaker Accent on Irish Children’s Performance on a Sentence Comprehension Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Claire O’Connor ◽  
Fiona E. Gibbon
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Older Children ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Comprehension Task ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This study sought to determine whether children’s performance on a sentence comprehension task is affected when sentences are spoken in an unfamiliar native accent. Method: Fifty typically developing school-aged children living in Southern Ireland (Cork) participated; 25 in a younger group (mean 7;08 years) and 25 in an older group (mean 9;09 years). The children completed a computer-based comprehension task during which 20 sentences were spoken in a Cork accent (familiar) and 20 in a Tyrone accent (unfamiliar). The sentences were matched for syllable length and syntactic complexity. Main results: The younger children made significantly more errors when sentences were spoken in an unfamiliar accent. The older children made a similar number of incorrect responses to both familiar and unfamiliar accents. Conclusion: Younger children’s performance on comprehension tasks may be reduced when sentences are spoken in an unfamiliar accent. Possible explanations and the clinical implications are discussed.

Uncertainty orientation in Chinese children: Relations with school and psychological adjustment

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyan Wang ◽  
Xinyin Chen ◽  
Richard Sorrentino ◽  
Andrew C. H. Szeto
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Uncertainty Orientation ◽  
Self Reports

The purpose of this study was to examine uncertainty orientation and its relations with school and psychological adjustment in Chinese children. A sample of elementary school children in P.R. China, aged 10 to 12 years, participated in the study. Data concerning uncertainty orientation, academic performance and socio-emotional adjustment were obtained from multiple sources including projective assessments, teacher ratings and self-reports. It was found that children in grade 6 had higher scores on uncertainty orientation than those in grades 4 and 5. Uncertainty orientation was positively associated with school-related competence, academic achievement and self-perceptions of competence, and negatively associated with learning problems and loneliness. The results suggest that uncertainty orientation is an adaptive characteristic in Chinese children.

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