scholarly journals Konjac Glucomannan Attenuated Triglyceride Metabolism during Rice Gruel Tolerance Test

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2191
Author(s):  
Takumi Nagasawa ◽  
Takao Kimura ◽  
Akihiro Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽  
Osamu Araki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Konjac Glucomannan ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lipoprotein Binding ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Lipid Parameters

In a recent study, we showed that konjac glucomannan (KGM) inhibits rice gruel-induced postprandial increases in plasma glucose and insulin levels. To extend this research, we investigated the effects of KGM addition to rice gruel on pre- and postprandial concentrations of circulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL), glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1), hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL), free fatty acids (FFA), and triglycerides (TG). A total of 13 Japanese men, without diabetes, dyslipidemia, or gastrointestinal diseases, interchangeably ingested rice gruel containing no KGM (0%G), rice gruel supplemented with 0.4% KGM (0.4%G), and rice gruel supplemented with 0.8% KGM (0.8%G), every Sunday for 3 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and at 30, 60, and 120 min after ingestion to measure the abovementioned lipid parameters. Lipid parameters showed small, but significant, changes. Significant reductions were found in circulating FFA levels among all participants. Circulating TG levels significantly declined at 30 min and then remained nearly constant in the 0.8%G group but exhibited no significant difference in the 0%G and 0.4%G groups. Although circulating levels of LPL and GPIHBP1 significantly decreased in the 0%G and 0.4%G groups, they increased at 120 min in the 0.8%G group. Participants in the 0%G and 0.4%G groups showed significant decreases in circulating HTGL levels, which was not observed in the 0.8%G group. Our results demonstrate the novel pleiotropic effects of KGM. Supplementation of rice gruel with KGM powder led to TG reduction accompanied by LPL and GPIHBP1 elevation and HTGL stabilization, thereby attenuating TG metabolism.

scholarly journals Attenuation of Lipid Metabolism by Novel Pleiotropic Effects of Konjac Glucomannan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Kimura ◽  
Akihiro Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽  
Osamu Araki ◽  
Kazumi Ushiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Konjac Glucomannan ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Circulating Levels

Abstract Background: Recently, we showed that konjac glucomannan (KGM) inhibited rice gruel-induced postprandial elevation of plasma glucose and insulin. To extend that research, we investigated the effects of adding KGM to rice gruel on pre- and postprandial circulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL), glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1), and triglyceride concentrations. Methods: Twenty-four Japanese male subjects without diabetes or gastrointestinal diseases (aged 46–56 years) were included. Subjects received rice gruel containing 0% or 0.8% of KGM (0%G and 0.8%G, respectively). Blood samples were obtained at preload and 30, 60, and 120 min after receiving rice gruel with or without 0.8% KGM. LPL, GPIHBP1, and triglyceride concentrations in these samples were measured. Results: Circulating triglycerides were significantly reduced at 30 min and then returned to the fasting value in the subjects who received 0%G, whereas lower triglyceride levels were sustained in those who received 0.8%G. Although circulating levels of LPL and GPIHBP1 were significantly reduced for 0%G, they were increased for 0.8%G. We found a significant negative correlation between circulating levels of fasting LPL and triglycerides and a significant positive correlation between circulating levels of fasting LPL and GPIHBP1. A significant negative correlation between circulating levels of triglycerides at 120 min and fasting LPL was shown in the 0.8%G group, but not in the 0%G group. A significant positive correlation between circulating levels of LPL at 0 min and 120 min was shown in the 0%G and 0.8%G groups.Conclusions: The results demonstrated a novel pleiotropic effect of KGM. Supplementation of KGM powder in rice gruel sustained lower levels of triglycerides accompanying elevation of LPL and GPIHBP1, which attenuated lipid metabolism. Additionally, fasting LPL is a predictor of postprandial circulating levels of LPL.Trial registration: UMIN registration number: UMIN000025950; registered at February 1st. 2017; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000029247

Pemafibrate Tends to have Better Efficacy in Treating Dyslipidemia than Fenofibrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (44) ◽  
pp. 4725-4734
Author(s):  
Haizhou Wang ◽  
Haiou Li ◽  
Yunjiao Zhou ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Apolipoprotein B48 ◽  
Dichotomous Outcomes ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Aims: To compare the efficacy of pemafibrate (PF) and fenofibrate (FF) in treating dyslipidemia. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed on the public database to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which compared the effects of PF and FF treatment in lipid parameters among patients with dyslipidemia. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled for continuous outcomes, whereas odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. Results: Three RCTs were included with a total of 744 patients (PF=547 and FF=197). Compared with the FF group (100mg/day), PF group (0.05 to 0.4mg/day) had a better effect on reducing triglycerides (TGs) (MD, -8.66; 95%CI, -10.91 to -6.41), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C, MD, -12.19; 95%CI, -15.37 to - 9.01), remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (MD, -13.16; 95%CI, -17.62 to -8.69), apolipoprotein-B48 (ApoB48, MD, -12.74; 95%CI, -17.71 to -7.76) and ApoCIII (MD, -6.25; 95%CI, -11.85 to -0.64). Although a slightly LDL-Cincreasing effect was found in PF-treated group (MD, 3.10; 95%CI, -0.12 to 6.09), the levels of HDL-C (MD, 3.59; 95%CI, 1.65 to 5.53) and ApoAI (MD, 1.60; 95%CI, 0.38 to 2.82) were significantly increased in the PF group. However, no significant difference was found in the level of total cholesterol (MD, 0.01; 95%CI, -1.37 to - 1.39), non-HDL-C (MD, -0.06; 95%CI, -1.75 to 1.63), ApoB (MD, 0.39; 95%CI, -1.37 to 2.15) and ApoAII (MD, 3.31; 95%CI, -1.66 to 8.29) between the two groups. In addition, the incidence of total adverse events (OR, 0.68; 95%CI, 0.53 to 0.86) and adverse drug reactions (OR, 0.36; 95%CI, 0.24 to 0.54) was lower in the PF group than that in the FF group. Conclusions: Pemafibrate tends to have better efficacy in treating dyslipidemia than fenofibrate.

scholarly journals Study of Lipid Profile in Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
MAK Akanda ◽  
KN Choudhury ◽  
MZ Ali ◽  
LA Sayami ◽  
RM Huda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Back ground: Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. Dyslipidemia is closely associated with hypertension. Dyslipidemia and hypertension are the commonest risk factors for CVD. The aim of the present study was to compare different lipid parameters among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients with normotensive subjects in Bangladesh and find out the relationship. Methods: This study was a cross sectional study in which 42 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who were on no antihypertensive medication and 42 subjects with normal blood pressure (normotensive) were enrolled for compare. Lipid parameters total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein ( LDLc) and high density lipoprotein (HDLc) were estimated by Enzymatic colorimetric test. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure of hypertensive and normotensive were 154.6±22.5 vs111.50±3.42 mmof.Hg and mean diastolic blood pressure were 93.2±5.20 vs 71.44± 3.21mm of Hg. The mean of SBP and DBP of hypertensive patients was found to be higher than normotensive (p< 0.05). There was significant increase in different lipid levels namely TC 199.4±44.5 vs188.7±37.9 mg/dl, TG155.9±88.8 vs 121.9±73.2 mg/dl and LDLc 119.8±35.6 vs112.7±28.6 mg/dl in hypertensive patients as compared to normotensive (p<0.05). However there was no significant difference in HDLc level. BMI and waist circumference showed significant association in hypertensive patients (p<0.001). Conclusion: Analytical results of the study revealed that hypertensive patients have been found to have close association with dyslipidemia, BMI and waist circumference. Hypertension and dyslipidemia can be modified either by proper life style changes or medical management or by the combination of the both. This study suggests that hypertensive patients need measurement of blood pressure and lipid profile at regular interval to prevent heart diseases and stroke. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v6i2.18350 Cardiovasc. j. 2014; 6(2): 112-115

scholarly journals PO-164 Effect of exercise intervention on appetite regulating hormones in obese children

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Liao ◽  
Min Hu
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Circulating Levels

Objective Obesity in children usually develops from early age and is due to chronic energy imbalance, and long-term exercise has been shown to have the capacity to alter the sensitivity of the appetite regulatory system. Therefore, the current study was designed to examine the circulating levels of appetite regulating hormones after exercise intervention in obese children. Methods 24 obese children were subjected to exercise training program lasted for 6 weeks, and eating behavior of the children were evaluated using the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) before and after intervention. Plasma leptin and ghrelin were also determined using ELISA kits. Results Circulating levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also decreased with significant difference (P<0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased (P<0.05). Fasting plasma glucose was also decrease but with no significant difference. The level of leptin was decreased after 6 weeks intervention with no statistical significance, while the circulating level of ghrelin was significantly enhanced (P<0.05). The scores of FR and EF were significantly decreased (P<0.05) after intervention. No significant change was found on SR and SE of CEBQ, even though they were observed increased compared with that of baseline. Conclusions The current study found that there were obvious effects of 6 weeks exercise intervention on appetite regulating hormones and subjective appetite changes in obese children.

scholarly journals Circulating levels of IL-33 are elevated by obesity and positively correlated with metabolic disorders in Chinese adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoneng Tang ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Xiaojing Feng ◽  
Yanyi Yang ◽  
Yiyuan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Circulating Levels

Abstract Background Interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays a pivotal role in regulating innate immune response and metabolic homeostasis. However, whether its circulating level is correlated with obesity and metabolic disorders in humans remains largely unknown. We aimed to address this gap by determining IL-33 serum level and its downstream type 2 inflammatory cytokines interleukin-5 (IL-5) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) in overweight/obese population, and analyzing the specific associations between IL-33 and obesity metabolic phenotypes. Methods 217 subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups: healthy control (HC) subjects, metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHOO) subjects and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUOO) subjects. Circulating levels of IL-33, IL-5 and IL-13 were measured using ELISA analyses. Multivariate regression analyses were further performed to determine the independent association between IL-33 and obesity metabolic phenotypes. Results Circulating levels of IL-33 were significantly elevated in subjects of MUOO group compared with HC group and MHOO group, while no significant difference was observed between the latter two groups in IL-33 levels. Consistent with this, serum levels of IL-5/13 were higher in the MUOO group compared with HC and MHOO groups. After adjusted for all confounders, MUOO phenotype was significantly associated with increased IL-33 serum levels (OR = 1.70; 95% CI 1.09–2.64; p = 0.019). With the MHOO group as the reference population, higher circulating level of IL-33 was also positively associated with MUOO phenotype after adjusting for confounders (OR = 1.50; 95% CI 1.20–1.88; p = 2.91E−4). However, there was no significant association between MHOO phenotype and IL-33 levels (p = 0.942). Trend analysis further confirmed the positive correlation between MUOO phenotype and IL-33 level (p for trend = 0.019). Additionally, IL-33 was significantly and positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil and IL-5 only in MUOO group, while inversely correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in MHOO subjects. Conclusion Circulating levels of IL-33 were significantly elevated in overweight/obese Chinese adults with metabolic disorders. Increased levels of IL-33 were positively associated with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese phenotype and several metabolic syndrome risk factors.

Antidiabetic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus glomerata (L.) Roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Mohini C. Upadhye ◽  
Uday Deokate ◽  
Rohini Pujari ◽  
Vishnu Thakare
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

Background: Ficus glomerata (F. glomerata) Linn. Family Moraceace is a large tree found all over India including outer Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Deccan and also as a common plant in South India. It is planted around the home and temples. It is cultivated throughout the year, distributed in evergreen forests and moist localities. Objective: The Ethanolic Extract of roots of F. Glomerata (EEFG) belonging to the family Moraceace, was investigated for its antidiabetic activity using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups having 6 rats in each group. The alloxan was administered to the rats of all groups except normal control group through intraperitoneal route at a concentration of 140mg/kg body weight. A dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEFG was administered to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract was lasted for 11 days. Effectiveness of the extract on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein and protein concentrations was analyzed. Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride of the diabetic rats was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract. After subjecting to oral glucose tolerance test EEFG also showed significant improvement in glucose tolerance. Conclusion: F. glomerata root ethanolic extract showed that it possesses antidiabetic effect and can be found useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

The effect of table olive wastewater extract administration on the adult ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Alexandros S. Zervas ◽  
Pavlos P. Lelovas ◽  
Antonios Galanos ◽  
Dimitris Galanis ◽  
Maria Makropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Table Olive

Abstract Recent efforts for alternative non-pharmaceutical treatments for postmenopausal osteoporosis are focused on nutritional measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of table olive wastewater extract (OE) administration on bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical strength in ovariectomized rats. Thirty mature 9-month-old female Wistar rats were separated into 3 groups of ten; Control, Ovariectomized (OVX) and OVX+OE. BMD was measured before ovariectomy, 3 and 6 months afterwards. At the end of the study, blood, both femurs and tibias, internal organs and abdominal fat were collected. After three months, the percentage changes from baseline of the total and proximal tibial BMD of the OVX+OE group were both higher compared to the OVX group (p<0.005). Similar results were found after six months, when the percentage changes from baseline of the total and proximal tibial BMD of the OVX+OE group were both higher compared to the OVX group (p<0.005). Biomechanical testing of the femurs did not reveal any statistically significant difference between the groups. Body weights throughout the study, organs’ and abdominal fat ratios to final body weight, blood results (alanine aminotransferase; ALT, Gamma-glutamyltransferase; γ-GT, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein; HDL-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein; LDL-cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus) were within normal limits and did not show any significant difference between the treated and untreated groups. As a conclusion, the administration of table olive wastewater extract for 6 months protected tibial BMD loss in comparison to the untreated OVX group without causing adverse effects.

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