scholarly journals Potential Role of Probiotics in Ameliorating Psoriasis by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2010
Author(s):  
Wenwei Lu ◽  
Yadan Deng ◽  
Zhifeng Fang ◽  
Qixiao Zhai ◽  
Shumao Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated systemic disease that may be treated with probiotics. In this study, probiotic strains that could or could not decrease interleukin (IL)-17 levels were applied to imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice via oral administration. Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCFM667, B. breve CCFM1078, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei CCFM1074, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri CCFM1132 ameliorated psoriasis-like pathological characteristics and suppressed the release of IL-23/T helper cell 17 (Th17) axis-related inflammatory cytokines, whereas B. animalis CCFM1148, L. paracasei CCFM1147, and L. reuteri CCFM1040 neither alleviated the pathological characteristics nor reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines. All effective strains increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids, which were negatively correlated with the levels of inflammatory cytokines. By performing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the diversity of gut microbiota in psoriasis-like mice was found to decrease, but all effective strains made some specific changes to the composition of gut microbiota compared to the ineffective strains. Furthermore, except for B. breve CCFM1078, all other effective strains decreased the abundance of the family Rikenellaceae, which was positively correlated with psoriasis-like pathological characteristics and was negatively correlated with propionate levels. These findings demonstrated effects of strain-specificity, and how probiotics ameliorated psoriasis and provide new possibilities for the treatment of psoriasis.

scholarly journals Personalized Bioconversion of Panax Notoginseng Saponins Mediated by Gut Microbiota Between Chinese-diet and Western-diet Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Man-Yun Chen ◽  
Li Shao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiang-Ping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Correlative Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) as the main effective substances from P. notoginseng with low bioavailability could be bio-converted by human gut microbiota. In our previous study, PNS metabolic variations mediated by gut microbiota have been observed between high fat, high protein (HF-HP)-diet and low fat, plant fiber-rich (LF-PF)-diet subjects. In this study, we aimed to correspondingly characterize the relationship between distinct gut microbiota profiles and PNS metabolites. Methods: Gut microbiota were collected from HF-HP and LF-PF healthy adults, respectively and profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. PNS were incubated with gut microbiota in vitro. A LC-MS/MS method was developed to quantify the five main metabolites yields including ginsenoside F1 (GF1), ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), ginsenoside compound K (GC-K), protopanaxatriol (PPT) and protopanaxadiol (PPD). The selected microbial species, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, were employed to metabolize PNS for the corresponding metabolites.Results: The five main metabolites were significantly different between the two diet groups. Compared with HF-HP group, the microbial genus Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Dorea, Enhydrobacter, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, SMB53, Streptococcus, Treponema and Weissella were enriched in LF-PF group, while Phascolarctobacterium and Oscillospira were relatively decreased. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlative analysis revealed gut microbiota enriched in LF-PF and HF-HP groups were positively and negatively associated with PNS metabolites yields, respectively. Conclusions: Our data showed gut microbiota diversity led to the personalized bioconversion of PNS.

scholarly journals SCFA producing bacteria shape the subtype of ADHD in children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaonan Fan ◽  
Shijie Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xiuqin Fan ◽  
Aiming Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Adhd Subtypes ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract There is little data on population-based identification of the gut microbiota with ADHD subtypes in children, yet whether the degree ADHD is characterized by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) remains unclear. We enrolled 59 ADHD children including 21 inattentive subtypes (ADHD-I), 20 combined subtypes (ADHD-C), 18 hyperactive-Impulsive subtypes (ADHD-H) and 23 healthy controls. The microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and SCFA concentrations were determined by gas chromatographic analysis. Compared to the controls, we observed a decrease of 14 genera belonging to Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae and Rikenellaceae family in ADHD-I, while Megamonas, Coprococcus_2 and Paraprevotella were significantly increased in ADHD-C. In addition, a lower abundance of Faecalibacterium, and a higher proportion of Marvinbryantia, Intestinimonas, Prevotella_9 and Eggerthella were detected in the ADHD-H. Analysis of fecal SCFAs showed that elevated levels of acetate and propionate were in ADHD subtypes. Furthermore, most of the bacterium associated with SCFAs overlapped with the differential bacterium in ADHD subtypes. Conclusion: Our data support the clinical distinction among different ADHD subtypes in children may also be reflected in alterations of specific gut microbiota, most of which are SCFA producing bacteria.

scholarly journals Personalized bioconversion of Panax notoginseng saponins mediated by gut microbiota between two different diet-pattern healthy subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Man-Yun Chen ◽  
Li Shao ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiang-Ping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract Background Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) as the main effective substances from P. notoginseng with low bioavailability could be bio-converted by human gut microbiota. In our previous study, PNS metabolic variations mediated by gut microbiota have been observed between high fat, high protein (HF-HP) and low fat, plant fiber-rich (LF-PF) dietary subjects. In this study, we aimed to correspondingly characterize the relationship between distinct gut microbial species and PNS metabolites. Methods Gut microbiota were collected from HF-HP and LF-PF dietary healthy adults and profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. PNS were incubated with gut microbiota in vitro. A LC–MS/MS method was developed to quantify the five main metabolites yields including ginsenoside F1 (GF1), ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), ginsenoside compound K (GC-K), protopanaxatriol (PPT) and protopanaxadiol (PPD). The selected microbial species, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, were employed to metabolize PNS for the corresponding metabolites. Results The five main metabolites were significantly different between the two diet groups. Compared with HF-HP group, the microbial genus Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Dorea, Enhydrobacter, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, SMB53, Streptococcus, Treponema and Weissella were enriched in LF-PF group, while Phascolarctobacterium and Oscillospira were relatively decreased. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlative analysis revealed gut microbials enriched in LF-PF and HF-HP groups were positively and negatively associated with the five metabolites, respectively. Conclusions Our data showed gut microbiota diversity led to the personalized bioconversion of PNS. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Diversity, Composition and Functional Inference of Gut Microbiota in Indian Cabbage white Pieris canidia (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Jianqing Zhu ◽  
Jie Fang ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Shuojia Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Inference ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Insect Fitness

We characterized the gut microbial composition and relative abundance of gut bacteria in the larvae and adults of Pieris canidia by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The gut microbiota structure was similar across the life stages and sexes. The comparative functional analysis on P. canidia bacterial communities with PICRUSt showed the enrichment of several pathways including those for energy metabolism, immune system, digestive system, xenobiotics biodegradation, transport, cell growth and death. The parameters often used as a proxy of insect fitness (development time, pupation rate, emergence rate, adult survival rate and weight of 5th instars larvae) showed a significant difference between treatment group and untreated group and point to potential fitness advantages with the gut microbiomes in P. canidia. These data provide an overall view of the bacterial community across the life stages and sexes in P. canidia.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota markers associated with obesity and overweight in Italian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Palmas ◽  
Silvia Pisanu ◽  
Veronica Madau ◽  
Emanuela Casula ◽  
Andrea Deledda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

AbstractIn the present study, we characterized the distinctive signatures of the gut microbiota (GM) from overweight/obese patients (OB), and normal-weight controls (NW), both of Sardinian origin. Fecal bacterial composition of 46 OB patients (BMI = 36.6 ± 6.0; F/M = 40/6) was analyzed and compared to that of 46 NW subjects (BMI = 21.6 ± 2.1; F/M = 41/5), matched for sex, age and smoking status, by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on MiSeq Illumina platform. The gut microbial community of OB patients exhibited a significant decrease in the relative abundance of several Bacteroidetes taxa (i.e. Flavobacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Rikenella spp., Pedobacter spp., Parabacteroides spp., Bacteroides spp.) when compared to NW; instead, several Firmicutes taxa were significantly increased in the same subjects (Lachnospiraceae, Gemellaceae, Paenibacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, Thermicanaceae, Gemella, Mitsuokella, Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Ruminococcus spp., Megamonas spp., Streptococcus, Thermicanus, Megasphaera spp. and Veillonella spp.). Correlation analysis indicated that body fatness and waist circumference negatively correlated with Bacteroidetes taxa, while Firmicutes taxa positively correlated with body fat and negatively with muscle mass and/or physical activity level. Furthermore, the relative abundance of several bacterial taxa belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, known to exhibit endotoxic activity, was increased in the OB group compared to NW. The results extend our knowledge on the GM profiles in Italian OB, identifying novel taxa linking obesity and intestine.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota accelerates cisplatin-induced acute liver injury associated with robust inflammation and oxidative stress in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenhai Gong ◽  
Yinglin Feng ◽  
Yunong Zeng ◽  
Huanrui Zhang ◽  
Meiping Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Background Gut microbiota has been reported to be disrupted by cisplatin, as well as to modulate chemotherapy toxicity. However, the precise role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of cisplatin hepatotoxicity remains unknown. Methods We compared the composition and function of gut microbiota between mice treated with and without cisplatin using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and via metabolomic analysis. For understanding the causative relationship between gut dysbiosis and cisplatin hepatotoxicity, antibiotics were administered to deplete gut microbiota and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed before cisplatin treatment. Results 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomic analysis showed that cisplatin administration caused gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice. Gut microbiota ablation by antibiotic exposure protected against the hepatotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Interestingly, mice treated with antibiotics dampened the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation and promoted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 nuclear translocation, resulting in decreased levels of both inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver. FMT also confirmed the role of microbiota in individual susceptibility to cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. Conclusions This study elucidated the mechanism by which gut microbiota mediates cisplatin hepatotoxicity through enhanced inflammatory response and oxidative stress. This knowledge may help develop novel therapeutic approaches that involve targeting the composition and metabolites of microbiota.

scholarly journals Comparison between 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing data for the taxonomic characterization of the gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Durazzi ◽  
Claudia Sala ◽  
Gastone Castellani ◽  
Gerardo Manfreda ◽  
Daniel Remondini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Shotgun Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

AbstractIn this paper we compared taxonomic results obtained by metataxonomics (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and metagenomics (whole shotgun metagenomic sequencing) to investigate their reliability for bacteria profiling, studying the chicken gut as a model system. The experimental conditions included two compartments of gastrointestinal tracts and two sampling times. We compared the relative abundance distributions obtained with the two sequencing strategies and then tested their capability to distinguish the experimental conditions. The results showed that 16S rRNA gene sequencing detects only part of the gut microbiota community revealed by shotgun sequencing. Specifically, when a sufficient number of reads is available, Shotgun sequencing has more power to identify less abundant taxa than 16S sequencing. Finally, we showed that the less abundant genera detected only by shotgun sequencing are biologically meaningful, being able to discriminate between the experimental conditions as much as the more abundant genera detected by both sequencing strategies.

scholarly journals Infant Gut Microbiota Associated with Fine Motor Skills

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1673
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Acuña ◽  
Tomás Cerdó ◽  
Alicia Ruiz ◽  
Francisco J. Torres-Espínola ◽  
Ana López-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

BACKGROUND: During early life, dynamic gut colonization and brain development co-occur with potential cross-talk mechanisms affecting behaviour. METHODS: We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to examine the associations between gut microbiota and neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III in 71 full-term healthy infants at 18 months of age. We hypothesized that children would differ in gut microbial diversity, enterotypes obtained by Dirichlet multinomial mixture analysis and specific taxa based on their behavioural characteristics. RESULTS: In children dichotomized by behavioural trait performance in above- and below-median groups, weighted Unifrac b-diversity exhibited significant differences in fine motor (FM) activity. Dirichlet multinomial mixture modelling identified two enterotypes strongly associated with FM outcomes. When controlling for maternal pre-gestational BMI and breastfeeding for up to 3 months, the examination of signature taxa in FM groups showed that Turicibacter and Parabacteroides were highly abundant in the below-median FM group, while Collinsella, Coprococcus, Enterococcus, Fusobacterium, Holdemanella, Propionibacterium, Roseburia, Veillonella, an unassigned genus within Veillonellaceae and, interestingly, probiotic Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were more abundant in the above-median FM group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest an association between enterotypes and specific genera with FM activity and may represent an opportunity for probiotic interventions relevant to treatment for motor disorders.

The protective effects of yellow tea extract against loperamide-induced constipation in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Qin Cao ◽  
Xiu-Ping Li ◽  
Jian Ou-Yang ◽  
Rong-Gang Jiang ◽  
Fang-Fang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Tea Extract

We evaluated the effects of yellow tea extract on relieving constipation induced by loperamide and evaluated the changes of gut microbiota based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

scholarly journals Insight Into the Potential Value of Gut Microbial Signatures for Prediction of Gestational Anemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongcheng Wei ◽  
Siting Deng ◽  
Yufeng Qin ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Validation Set

The gut microbiota alternations are associated with gestational anemia (GA); however, limited predictive value for the subsequent incidence of anemia in normal gestational women has been obtained. We sought to rigorously characterise gut dysbiosis in subjects with GA and explored the potential predictive value of novel microbial signatures for the risk of developing GA. A prospective cohort of subjects with GA (n = 156) and healthy control (n = 402), all of whom were free of GA in the second trimester, by 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted. Microbial signatures altered dramatically in GA compared with healthy control in the second trimester. Megamonas, Veillonella, and Haemophilus were confirmed to show differential abundances in GA after adjusting for covariates. On the contrary, Lachnospiraceae and Blautia were enriched in control. Microbial co-abundance group (CAG) network was constructed. Prospectively, CAG network relatively accurately predicted upcoming GA in normal pregnant women with an AUC of 0.7738 (95%CI: 0.7171, 0.8306) and the performance was further validated in Validation set (0.8223, 95%CI: 0.7573, 0.8874). Overall, our study demonstrated that alterations in the gut microbial community were associated with anemia in pregnancy and microbial signatures could accurately predict the subsequent incidence of anemia in normal pregnant women. Our findings provided new insights into understanding the role of gut microbiota in GA, identifying high-risk individuals, and modulating gut microbiota as a therapeutic target, thus improving quality of life and well-being of women and children.

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