scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Findings from a Case-Control Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1889
Author(s):  
Reema F. Tayyem ◽  
Tamara R. Qalqili ◽  
Rawan Ajeen ◽  
Yaser M. Rayyan
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Case Control ◽  
High Protein ◽  
The Third ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Scientific evidence shows that dietary patterns are associated with the risk of IBD, particularly among unhealthy and Western dietary patterns. However, Western dietary patterns are not exclusive to Western countries, as Jordanians are steadily moving towards a Western lifestyle, which includes an increased consumption of processed foods. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk factors for IBD cases among Jordanian adults. This case-control study was conducted between November 2018 and December 2019 in the largest three hospitals in Jordan. Three hundred and thirty-five Jordanian adults aged between 18–68 years were enrolled in this study: one hundred and eighty-five IBD patients who were recently diagnosed with IBD (n = 100 for ulcerative colitis (UC) and n = 85 for Crohn’s disease (CD)) and 150 IBD-free controls. Participants were matched based on age and marital status. In addition, dietary data was collected from all participants using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis and principal component analysis were used to determine the dietary patterns. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a multinomial logistic regression model. Two dietary patterns were identified among the study participants: high-vegetable and high-protein dietary patterns. There was a significantly higher risk of IBD with high-protein intake at the third (OR, CI: 0.136 (0.068–0.271)) and fourth (OR, CI: 0.126 (0.064–0.248)) quartiles in the non-adjusted model as well as the other two adjusted models. In contrast, the high-vegetable dietary pattern shows a significantly protective effect on IBD in the third and fourth quartiles in all the models. Thus, a high-vegetable dietary pattern may be protective against the risk of IBD, while a high-protein dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of IBD among a group of the Jordanian population.

scholarly journals The relationship between dietary patterns and rheumatoid arthritis: a case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shokufeh Nezamoleslami ◽  
Reza Ghiasvand ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Mansour Salesi ◽  
Makan Pourmasoumi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract Background and aim A number of studies have investigated the effects of individual foods and/or nutrients on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but research focusing on whole dietary patterns remains limited. The association of dietary patterns and rheumatoid arthritis is therefore not well elucidated. This study aims to determine existing relationships between major identified dietary patterns and RA. Methods This matched case–control study was conducted on 297 individuals in Isfahan, Iran. The presence of RA was determined by an expert rheumatologist, based on the American College of Rheumatology definitions, 2010. A 168-item questionnaire was used to collect dietary data. Major dietary patterns were identified using the factor analysis method. Results Two major dietary patterns, namely, healthy and western dietary patterns, were identified. Lower adherence to the healthy dietary pattern was associated with increased risk of RA (OR = 2.80; 95% CI 1.74–4.67; P < 0.001). The association remained significant even after taking other confounders into account (OR = 2.85; 95% CI 1.12–7.45; P = 0.03). A positively significant association was also observed between adherence to western dietary pattern and RA in the fully-adjusted final model (OR = 2.22; 95% CI 1.04–4.72; P = 0.03). Conclusions The study suggests that there is an inverse association between adherence to a healthy dietary pattern and the odds of RA, and a positive significant relationship was found between western dietary pattern and RA. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.

A healthy dietary pattern may be associated with primary insomnia among Iranian adults: A case-control study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Samaneh Sadat ◽  
Ammar Salehi-sahlabadi ◽  
Makan Pourmasoumi ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Primary Insomnia ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Objective: While it has been reported that both foods and nutrients for individuals are connected with sleep, there is no evidence regarding the association of dietary patterns, identified by factor analysis, with primary insomnia. The present study sought to evaluate the association between major dietary patterns and the chance of having primary insomnia. Methods: The present case-control study was performed using 444 people (111 cases and 333 control), aged 18 to 60 years, referred to Isfahan health centers. Dietary intake was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire in a case-control study in Isfahan, Iran. Principal component analysis was used to determine major dietary patterns. The presence of primary insomnia was measured via the insomnia severity index questionnaire, and the subjects were grouped as healthy or insomniac. Results: Three major dietary patterns were recognized, and named; Western, Iranian Traditional and Healthy, respectively. The cumulative percentage of variance explained by three dietary patterns was 48.2%. Those in second (OR = 0.30; 95%CI: 0.2–0.46) and third (OR = 0.22; 95%CI: 0.15–0.35) tertiles of healthy dietary pattern were less likely suffer with insomnia. This association remained significant only in the highest tertile after adjusting potential confounders (OR = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.32–0.95). We found no significant association between greater adherence to Western or Iranian traditional dietary patterns and primary insomnia. Conclusions: The findings showed that although no statistically significant association was observed between both Western and Iranian traditional dietary patterns with primary insomnia, people with greater adherence to the healthy dietary pattern are less likely to have primary insomnia.

Association between major dietary patterns and polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence from a case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Shahdadian ◽  
Reza Ghiasvand ◽  
Behnood Abbasi ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder in women. Change in lifestyle, especially dietary pattern, might have a role in the prevalence of PCOS. The limited number of studies has made it difficult to draw any conclusion about the relationship of dietary patterns with PCOS. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and PCOS. A case-control study was performed on 225 patients newly diagnosed with PCOS and 345 healthy women in Isfahan, Iran. The presence of PCOS was confirmed by expert gynecologists based on Rotterdam criteria. Usual dietary intake was assessed by a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Three major dietary patterns including Western, plant-based, and mixed were identified that explained 53.93% of the variance in food intake. The top tertile of the Western dietary pattern significantly increased the odds of PCOS (odds ratio (OR), 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12–3.67), both before and after adjustments for covariates. After adjustments for potential confounders, the highest tertile of the plant-based dietary pattern was related to higher odds of PCOS than the lowest tertile (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.23–4.37). In addition, those in the second tertile of the mixed dietary pattern were 66% less likely to have PCOS compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.18–0.61). In conclusion, we found that Western and plant-based dietary patterns were associated with an increased risk of PCOS. Also, moderate adherence to the mixed dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of PCOS. Additional studies with a longitudinal design are required to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Major Dietary Patterns in Patients with and without Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Azimi ◽  
Shahryar Eghtesadi ◽  
Behnood Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: It was suggested that dietary patterns might play a role in the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and the occurrence of calcium oxalate kidney stone disease. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 634 male and female participants aged 18-65 in Tehran using a convenient sampling method. The participants were investigated in the case (n = 317) and control (n = 317) groups. Demographic and anthropometric information, medical history, physical activity, and dietary intake were collected by interview. A validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire was administered to assess the dietary patterns. Factor analysis was also applied with principal component approach (PCA) to determine the major dietary patterns. Results: The findings showed two major dietary patterns using 41 food groups. Significant differences were observed in nutritional factors and physical activity between the case and the control groups. After adjusting the covariates, the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stone was significantly higher for those in the highest tertile of unhealthy dietary pattern compared to the lowest ones (OR, 3.83; 95%CI, 2.22-6.61). Additionally, no relationship was found between the healthy dietary pattern and the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stone in any of the four logistic regression models (P for trend > 0.05) (OR,0.95; 95%CI, 0.58-1.55). Conclusion: We found that the unhealthy dietary pattern was strongly associated with increased risk for calcium oxalate kidney stones.

scholarly journals A dietary pattern rich in fruits and dairy products is inversely associated to gestational diabetes: a case-control study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abazar Roustazadeh ◽  
Hamed Mir ◽  
Sima Jafarirad ◽  
Farideh Mogharab ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes many problems for mother and her neonate. A healthy diet plays an important role in preventing GDM. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns and the GDM. Methods 386 healthy and 306 GDM pregnant women (total 693) completed this case-control study. Basic information and anthropometric indices were recorded, and a food frequency questionnaire was completed. For extracting major dietary patterns, the principal component analysis was performed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine whether specific dietary patterns are associated to the GDM. Results Four dietary patterns were identified: “fruits and dairy products”, “red meat and plant-based foods”, “snacks and high-fat foods” and “carbohydrate-rich foods”. Among these major extracted dietary patterns, “fruits and dairy products” showed an inverse association to the GDM (odds ratio adjusted for confounders: 0.50, confidence interval: 0.284–0.882, p-trend = 0.019, for highest vs. lowest quartile). Conclusions It seems using a healthy dietary pattern such as “fruits and dairy products” may decrease GDM risk. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals The relationship between major dietary patterns and fertility status in iranian men: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Haeri ◽  
Makan Pourmasoumi ◽  
Reza Ghiasvand ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Amin Salehi-Abargouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
World Health ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

AbstractIn this case–control study, we aimed to investigate the association between major dietary patterns and fertility status in Iranian men. The study population included 400 newly diagnosed infertile men and 537 healthy individuals without a history of infertility in Yazd, Iran. Infertility was confirmed clinically, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Dietary intake was assessed using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and dietary patterns were determined based on a principal component analysis. Four major dietary patterns were found in this study, including healthy, Western, mixed, and traditional dietary patterns. After adjustments for potential confounders, men above the median of a healthy dietary pattern showed a reduced risk of infertility compared to those below the median (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.33–0.83). In contrast, men with greater adherence to Western and mixed dietary patterns were more likely to be infertile (OR 2.66; 95% CI 1.70–4.17 and OR 2.82; 95% CI 1.75–4.56, respectively). Also, there was no significant association between the traditional dietary pattern and the odds of infertility. The present study suggests that greater adherence to a healthy dietary pattern may have an inverse association with the odds of infertility; however, Western and mixed dietary patterns may be associated with an increased risk of infertility.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns, food groups and myocardial infarction: a case–control study

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. K. Lockheart ◽  
Lyn M. Steffen ◽  
Hege Møklebust Rebnord ◽  
Ragnhild Lekven Fimreite ◽  
Jetmund Ringstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
Control Study

Certain dietary patterns may be related to the risk of CVD. We hypothesised that a plant-centred dietary pattern would be associated with a reduced risk of first myocardial infarction (MI). A case–control study of Norwegian men and postmenopausal women (age 45–75 years) was performed. A FFQ was administered, generally within 3 d after incident MI (n106 cases). Controls (n105) were frequency matched on sex, age and geographic location. On the FFQ, 190 items were categorised into thirty-five food groups and ana priorihealthy diet pattern score was created. We estimated OR using logistic regression with adjustment for energy intake, family history of heart disease, marital status, current smoking, education and age. Among food groups, the risk of MI was significantly higher persdof butter and margarine (OR 1·66 (95 % CI 1·12, 2·46)), and lower persdof tomatoes (OR 0·53 (95 % CI 0·35, 0·79)), high-fat fish (OR 0·57 (95 % CI 0·38, 0·86)), wine (OR 0·58 (95 % CI 0·41, 0·83)), salad (OR 0·59 (95 % CI 0·40, 0·87)), wholegrain breakfast cereals (OR 0·64 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·90)), cruciferous vegetables (OR 0·66 (95 % CI 0·47, 0·93)) and non-hydrogenated vegetable oil (OR 0·68 (95 % CI 0·49, 0·95)). An abundance of cases were found to have a lowa priorihealthy diet pattern score. A dietary pattern emphasising nutrient-rich plant foods and high-fat fish and low intransfatty acids was associated with decreased risk of MI among Norwegians.

scholarly journals Western dietary pattern is related to premenstrual syndrome: a case–control study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (12) ◽  
pp. 2016-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Farasati ◽  
Fereydoun Siassi ◽  
Fariba Koohdani ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Karolin Abashzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
The Past ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

AbstractAlthough premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects a large number of women of reproductive age, the aetiology of this disorder has not yet been fully elucidated. The relationship between food intake and PMS morbidity has been investigated in several studies, but dietary patterns of PMS patients have not been taken into consideration up to now. We examined dietary patterns of 320 nurses with (n 160) and without (n 160) PMS in a case–control study. Food intakes over the past year were determined using semi-quantitative FFQ. Factor analysis was used to identify the main dietary patterns, and logistic regression was used to model the relationship between dietary patterns and PMS morbidity. Three dietary patterns were identified in the analysis: healthy, Western and traditional. After adjustment for age, BMI, menstrual cycles, physical activity and energy intake, participants in the second (OR 2·53; 95 % CI 1·18, 5·43) and third (OR 4·39; 95 % CI 1·97, 9·81) quintiles of the Western dietary pattern were more likely to experience PMS compared with those in the first quintile. The study findings therefore reveal that Western dietary pattern might be associated with PMS morbidity. However, this result should be interpreted with caution as there was no evidence of a dose–response relationship. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer in a Japanese population: The Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1703-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayo Kurotani ◽  
Sanjeev Budhathoki ◽  
Amit Man Joshi ◽  
Guang Yin ◽  
Kengo Toyomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Case Control ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cancer Study ◽  
Control Study

Few studies have addressed the relation between dietary patterns and colorectal cancer in Japan. We investigated dietary patterns in relation to colorectal cancer risk in a community-based case–control study. The association with dietary patterns was also examined for different sites of colorectal cancer. Data were derived from the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, including 800 cases and 775 controls interviewed from September 2000 to December 2003. The cases were admitted to one of the participating hospitals for the first surgical treatment during this period. We identified dietary patterns using principal component analysis of intakes of twenty-nine items of food groups and specific foods. Quartile categories of each dietary pattern were used, and non-dietary lifestyle factors and total energy intake were adjusted for in the analysis. We identified three dietary patterns: prudent, high-fat and light-meal patterns. The prudent dietary pattern characterised by high intakes of vegetables, fruits, seafoods and soya foods showed a nearly significant protective association with the overall risk of colorectal cancer (trend P = 0·054), and it was statistically significantly related to a decreased risk of distal colon cancer (trend P = 0·002), but not to that of either proximal colon or rectal cancer. The high-fat and light-meal dietary patterns were not materially related to the overall or site-specific risk of colorectal cancer. In summary, a prudent dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer, especially with that of distal colon cancer, in a fairly large case–control study in Japan.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case–control study

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Hajizadeh ◽  
Bahram Rashidkhani ◽  
Anahita H Rad ◽  
Seyed M Moasheri ◽  
Hojjatollah Saboori
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjectiveWe conducted a hospital-based, case–control study to examine the association between dietary patterns and the risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Iran.DesignA total of forty-seven patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and ninety-six controls underwent face-to-face interviews. Factor analysis was used to detect dietary patterns. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate OR and 95 % CI.ResultsWe defined two major dietary patterns in this population: ‘healthy diet’ (high in vegetables, nuts, fruits, low-fat dairy and fish) and ‘western diet’ (high in solid oil, sugar, sweets, tea, eggs, pickles and processed meat). Both healthy and western pattern scores were divided into two categories (based on medians). Higher healthy pattern scores were significantly associated with decreased risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (high: second median v. low: first median, OR = 0·17, 95 % CI 0·19, 0·98). An increased risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma was observed with the western pattern (high: second median v. low: first median, OR = 10·13, 95 % CI 8·45, 43·68).ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggested that diet might be associated with oesophageal carcinoma.

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