scholarly journals Caffeine Consumption Habits of New Zealand Tertiary Students

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Saskia Stachyshyn ◽  
Ajmol Ali ◽  
Carol Wham ◽  
Tayla Knightbridge-Eager ◽  
Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Consumption Habits

Adverse effects associated with excessive caffeine consumption combined with increasing numbers and availability of caffeine-containing products are causes for concern. Tertiary students may be at increased risk of consuming excessive amounts of caffeine due to seeking caffeinated products with well-known wakefulness effects and cognitive benefits. This study explored caffeine consumption habits of New Zealand tertiary students (317; ≥16-years) using a previously validated caffeine consumption habits (CaffCo) questionnaire. Most (99.1%) regularly consumed caffeinated products, especially chocolate, coffee and tea, with coffee, tea and energy drinks contributing most to total caffeine intake. Median estimated caffeine intake was 146.73 mg·day−1, or 2.25 mg·kgbw−1·day−1. Maximum and minimum intakes were 1988.14 mg·day−1 (23.51 mg·kgbw−1·day−1) and 0.07 mg·day−1 (0.02 mg·kgbw−1·day−1), respectively. One-third (34.4%) of caffeine consumers ingested caffeine above the adverse effect level (3 mg·kgbw−1·day−1) and 14.3% above the safe limit (400 mg·day−1). Most caffeine consumers (84.7%), reported experiencing at least one ‘adverse symptom’ post-caffeine consumption, of which 25.7% reported effects leading to distress or negatively impacting their life. Experiencing ‘adverse symptoms’ did not, however, curtail consumption in the majority of symptomatic participants (~77%). Public health initiatives directed at tertiary students may be important to reduce potential caffeine-related harm.

scholarly journals Motivations for Caffeine Consumption in New Zealand Tertiary Students

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4236
Author(s):  
Saskia Stachyshyn ◽  
Carol Wham ◽  
Ajmol Ali ◽  
Tayla Knightbridge-Eager ◽  
Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Product Consumption ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Targeted Marketing ◽  
Related Harm ◽  
Consumption Habits

Caffeine-related health incidents in New Zealand have escalated over the last two decades. In order to reduce the risk of substance-related harm, it is important to understand the consumers’ motivations for its use. This is especially true for tertiary students who are presumed to be at a higher risk due to seeking out caffeine’s well-known cognitive benefits as well as the targeted marketing of such products to young adults. This study examined the habits and motivations for caffeine consumption in tertiary students in New Zealand. A previously validated caffeine consumption-habits (CaffCo) questionnaire was administered online to 317 tertiary students (n = 169 females), aged ≥16 years. Of the 99.1% of participants who regularly consumed caffeine, coffee (76.3%) tea (71.6%) and chocolate (81.7%) consumption were the most prevalent. Motivations for caffeinated-product consumption differed according to caffeine source. Tea was consumed for the warmth and taste, coffee was consumed to stay awake and for warmth, and chocolate, for the taste and as a treat. Marketing was not identified by participants as influencing their consumption of caffeinated products. Knowledge of motivations for caffeine consumption may assist in identifying strategies to reduce caffeine intake in those New Zealand tertiary students who regularly consume amounts of caffeine that exceed safe level.

scholarly journals Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and childhood growth and overweight: results from a large Norwegian prospective observational cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e018895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Papadopoulou ◽  
Jérémie Botton ◽  
Anne-Lise Brantsæter ◽  
Margaretha Haugen ◽  
Jan Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Very High

ObjectivesTo study the association between maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and the child’s weight gain and overweight risk up to 8 years.DesignProspective nationwide pregnancy cohort.SettingThe Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study.ParticipantsA total of 50 943 mothers recruited from 2002 to 2008 and their children, after singleton pregnancies, with information about average caffeine intake assessed at mid-pregnancy.Outcome measureChild’s body size information at 11 age points from 6 weeks to 8 years. We defined excess growth in infancy as a WHO weight gain z-score of >0.67 from birth to age 1 year, and overweight according to the International Obesity Task Force. We used a growth model to assess individual growth trajectories.ResultsCompared with pregnant women with low caffeine intake (<50 mg/day, 46%), women with average (50–199 mg/day, 44%), high (≥200–299 mg/day, 7%) and very high (≥300 mg/day, 3%) caffeine intakes had an increased risk of their child experiencing excess growth in infancy, after adjustment for confounders (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.22, OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.45, OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.93, respectively). In utero exposure to any caffeine was associated with higher risk of overweight at age 3 years and 5 years, while the association persisted at 8 years, only for very high exposures. Any caffeine intake was associated with increased body mass index from infancy to childhood. Children prenatally exposed to caffeine intake >200 mg/day had consistently higher weight. Very high caffeine exposures were associated with higher weight gain velocity from infancy to age 8 years.ConclusionAny caffeine consumption during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of excess infant growth and of childhood overweight, mainly at preschool ages. Maternal caffeine intake may modify the overall weight growth trajectory of the child from birth to 8 years. This study adds supporting evidence for the current advice to reduce caffeine intake during pregnancy.

Comparative Toxicology Studies in Sprague-Dawley Rats, Rhesus Monkeys, and New Zealand White Rabbits to Determine a No Observed Adverse Effect Level for 1,1′-Methylenebis[4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-pyridinium] Dimethanesulfonate

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 59S-74S ◽  
Author(s):  
Merrill R. Osheroff ◽  
Dean J. Kobs ◽  
Matthew Buccellato ◽  
Claire R. Croutch ◽  
Laura E. Elcock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Intramuscular Administration ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Single Dose Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Studies were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats, New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits, and rhesus monkeys to characterize the toxicity of 1,1′-methylenebis[4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-pyridinium] dimethanesulfonate (MMB4 DMS) following intramuscular administration. Rats received MMB4 DMS once daily for 7 days at 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/d; rabbits received a range of dose levels in 3 separate 7-day studies from 3 to 800 mg/kg/d and in a single-dose study from 50 to 200 mg/kg; and monkeys received MMB4 DMS at 150 to 600 mg/kg/d. Mortality was noted in rats and rabbits administered ≥200 mg/kg. All monkeys survived until scheduled termination. Adverse clinical observations were noted in the rats at ≥400 mg/kg/d and in rabbits administered ≥200 mg/kg; no adverse findings were noted in the monkeys. Clinical pathology changes were noted in the rabbit related to cardiac and renal function. In the rabbit and monkey, elevations in myoglobin, alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase, platelets, creatine kinase, and coagulation factors were related to local inflammation at the intramuscular administration site. Light microscopic examination at the injection sites revealed acute skeletal muscle necrosis in vehicle control and treated groups. Target tissues in the rabbit studies were identified as kidney, heart, and lungs at ≥100 mg/kg/d. All changes noted in all the species demonstrated partial to complete recovery comparable to control values or to a clinically irrelevant level of effect. The NZW rabbit was the most sensitive species, and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was determined as 50 mg/kg/d; the NOAEL in the rat was 100 mg/kg/d; and the NOAEL in rhesus monkeys was >600 mg/kg/d.

scholarly journals CAFFEINE CONSUMPTION HABITS AND PERCEPTION OF ADOLESCENTS IN CHENNAI POPULATION*

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Pria Darsini ◽  
Gayatridevi R
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Caffeine Withdrawal ◽  
Consumption Habits

ABSTRACTObjective: Caffeine consumption by adolescent population has increased dramatically over the last decade through increased coffee consumption andenergy drinks. However, caffeine causes many adverse effects, which demands people’s attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the mostpopular caffeinated product among adolescents and the knowledge and belief of adolescents about caffeine in their day to day life.Methods: An online survey was created and about 260 responses were obtained. Only 248 were counted as the remaining was removed by exclusioncriteria.Results: The most popular caffeine intake by adolescents was coffee. Students ingested caffeine at levels that could cause negative health effects andseemed unaware of the total amount of caffeine consumed.Conclusion: More information about caffeine should be incorporated into health education at all levels, so students can identify and avoid negativeeffects along with caffeine withdrawal and addiction.Keywords: Caffeine, Coffee, Adolescents, Addiction, Habits.

scholarly journals The Relation between Caffeine Consumption and Endometriosis: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3457
Author(s):  
Konstantinos S. Kechagias ◽  
Konstantinos Katsikas Triantafyllidis ◽  
Margarita Kyriakidou ◽  
Panagiotis Giannos ◽  
Ilkka Kalliala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Probable Role

While the contributing factors leading to endometriosis remain unclear, its clinical heterogeneity suggests a multifactorial causal background. Amongst others, caffeine has been studied extensively during the last decade as a putative contributing factor. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we provide an overview/critical appraisal of studies that report on the association between caffeine consumption and the presence of endometriosis. In our search strategy, we screened PubMed and Scopus for human studies examining the above association. The main outcome was the relative risk of endometriosis in caffeine users versus women consuming little or no caffeine (<100 mg/day). Subgroup analyses were conducted for different levels of caffeine intake: high (>300 mg/day) or moderate (100–300 mg/day). Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis (five cohort and five case-control studies). No statistically significant association was observed between overall caffeine consumption and risk for endometriosis (RR 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97–1.28, I2 = 70%) when compared to little or no (<100 mg/day) caffeine intake. When stratified according to level of consumption, high intake was associated with increased risk of endometriosis (RR 1.30, 95%CI 1.04–1.63, I2 = 56%), whereas moderate intake did not reach nominal statistical significance (RR 1.18, 95%CI 0.99–1.40, I2 = 37%). In conclusion, caffeine consumption does not appear to be associated with increased risk for endometriosis. However, further research is needed to elucidate the potential dose-dependent link between caffeine and endometriosis or the probable role of caffeine intake as a measurement of other unidentified biases.

Embryo-fetal developmental toxicity study of alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin administered orally to New Zealand White rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 239784732096490
Author(s):  
Robert R Maronpot ◽  
Adam M Leggett ◽  
Douglas A Donahue ◽  
Shim-mo Hayashi ◽  
William Breslin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Fetal Survival ◽  
Fetal Toxicity ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

An embryo-fetal survival and development study was conducted to augment the toxicity database for alpha-glycosyl isoquercitrin (AGIQ), a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) additive and flavor in food and beverages. In Phase I, 24 naturally mated New Zealand white (NZW) female rabbits per group were administered AGIQ by oral gavage at 0, 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day once daily during gestation days 6–28, followed by necropsy. There was no evidence of maternal or fetal toxicity except for equivocal findings of unilateral absent kidney and ureter in one and two unrelated fetuses at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. To more thoroughly assess fetal kidney/ureter development, in Phase II groups of time mated NZW rabbits were administered AGIQ at 0, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day, under the same conditions as Phase I. No occurrences of absent kidney/ureter were noted in the AGIQ-treated Phase II dams or fetuses; although, one control fetus had unilateral missing kidney/ureter. Given the lack of reproducibility following treatment with AGIQ in Phase II using 48 animals per group, the missing kidney/ureter observations in Phase I were considered unrelated to treatment. Since oral gavage administration of AGIQ to pregnant female NZW rabbits at dose levels of 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg/day was well-tolerated with no adverse treatment-related effects on the maternal animal, pregnancy, or the developing conceptus, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) for maternal toxicity and embryo-fetal survival, growth, and development was 1000 mg/kg/day.

scholarly journals Caffeine Intake During Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-380
Author(s):  
Natalie C Frayer ◽  
Yeonsoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Objective: This paper evaluates the association between caffeine consumption during pregnancy and overweight or obesity in the offspring. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature search was conducted using MedLine, PubMed, CINAHL-Plus and Google Scholar databases. Inclusion criteria were cohort studies on participants with live singleton births at ?28 weeks gestation who had consumed caffeine during pregnancy. Included were studies reporting both measurement of maternal caffeine intake and offspring anthropometric measurements. Studies reporting serum paraxanthine, a measurement of caffeine intake, were also included. Results: After final elimination, there were eight studies meeting our inclusion criteria. From these studies, we deduced that caffeine intake during pregnancy between 50 mg and <150 mg/day was associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity by excess fat deposition or increased weight, and elevated BMI per International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria using a reference population. The majority of studies reported the strongest association with maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and overweight and obesity risk beginning at ?300 mg/day. Conclusions and Global Health Implication: The risk of childhood overweight or obesity was associated with caffeine consumption at 50 mg/day during pregnancy with a stronger association at intakes ?300 mg/day and higher. The current recommendation of <200 mg/day of caffeine during pregnancy is likely associated with lower risk of overweight or obesity in offspring but avoidance of the substance is recommended. Key words: • Prenatal • Caffeine intake • Pregnancy • Childhood • Obesity • Overweight • Serum paraxanthine • Systematic review   Copyright © 2020 Frayer and Kim. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals Consumption of caffeinated beverages and kidney function decline in an elderly Mediterranean population with metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Díaz-López ◽  
Indira Paz-Graniel ◽  
Verónica Ruiz ◽  
Estefanía Toledo ◽  
Nerea Becerra-Tomás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Caffeinated Coffee ◽  
Egfr Decline

AbstractIt remains unclear whether caffeinated beverages could have deleterious renal effects in elderly population with underlying comorbid conditions. We investigated the associations between coffee, tea, or caffeine intake and 1-year changes in glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a large Spanish cohort of overweight/obese elderly with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This prospective analysis includes 5851 overweight/obese adults (55–75 years) with MetS from the PREDIMED-Plus study. We assessed coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption from a validated food-frequency questionnaire and creatinine-based eGFR using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Multivariate-adjusted regression models were applied to test associations between baseline coffee, tea, or caffeine intake and 1-year eGFR changes. Caffeinated coffee (> 2 cups/day) and tea (at least 1 cup/day) drinkers had 0.88 and 0.93 mL/min/1.73 m2 greater eGFR decrease respectively, compared to those with less than 1 cup/day of coffee consumption or non-tea drinkers. Furthermore, caffeinated coffee consumption of > 2 cups/day was associated with 1.19-fold increased risk of rapid eGFR decline > 3 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI 1.01–1.41). Similarly, individuals in the highest (median, 51.2 mg/day) tertile of caffeine intake had a 0.87 mL/min/1.73 m2 greater eGFR decrease. Decaffeinated coffee was not associated with eGFR changes. In conclusion, higher consumption of caffeinated coffee, tea, and caffeine was associated with a greater 1-year eGFR decline in overweight/obese adults with MetS.

Methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms: findings from a New Zealand longitudinal birth cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
James A. Foulds ◽  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Rebecca McKetin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Population ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosis Risk

Abstract Background This study examined the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in a New Zealand general population birth cohort (n = 1265 at birth). Methods At age 18, 21, 25, 30, and 35, participants reported on their methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in the period since the previous interview. Generalized estimating equations modelled the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms (percentage reporting any symptom, and number of symptoms per participant). Confounding factors included childhood individual characteristics, family socioeconomic circumstances and family functioning. Long term effects of methamphetamine use on psychotic symptoms were assessed by comparing the incidence of psychotic symptoms at age 30–35 for those with and without a history of methamphetamine use prior to age 30. Results After adjusting for confounding factors and time-varying covariate factors including concurrent cannabis use, methamphetamine use was associated with a modest increase in psychosis risk over five waves of data (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.72 for the percentage measure; and IRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02–1.50 for the symptom count measure). The increased risk of psychotic symptoms was concentrated among participants who had used at least weekly at any point (adjusted OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.21–6.69). Use of methamphetamine less than weekly was not associated with increased psychosis risk. We found no evidence for a persistent vulnerability to psychosis in the absence of continuing methamphetamine use. Conclusion Methamphetamine use is associated with increased risk of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Increased risk is chiefly confined to people who ever used regularly (at least weekly), and recently.

scholarly journals Palmitoylethanolamide: Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 109158182098607
Author(s):  
Narendra S. Deshmukh ◽  
Shailesh Gumaste ◽  
Silma Subah ◽  
Nathasha Omal Bogoda
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Effect Level

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous ethanolamine playing a protective and homeodynamic role in animals and plants. Prenatal developmental toxicity of PEA was tested following oral administration to pregnant female Wistar rats, from days 0 to 19 of gestation, at dosage of 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Test Guideline No. 414. On gestation day 20, cesarean sections were performed on the dams, followed by examination of their ovaries and uterine contents. The fetuses were further examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. Palmitoylethanolamide did not cause any alterations at any of the given dosages in the measured maternal parameters of systemic toxicity (body weight, food consumption, survival, thyroid functions, organ weight, histopathology), reproductive toxicity (preimplantation and postimplantation losses, uterus weight, number of live/dead implants and early/late resorptions, litter size and weights, number of fetuses, their sex ratio), and fetal external, visceral, or skeletal observations. Any alterations that were recorded were “normal variations” or “minor anomalies,” which were unrelated to treatment with PEA. Under the condition of this prenatal study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of PEA for maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats was found to be >1,000 mg/kg body weight/d. It indicates that PEA is well tolerated by and is safe to pregnant rats even at a high dose of 1,000 mg/kg body weight/d, equivalent to a human dose of greater than 9.7 g/d. This prenatal developmental toxicity study contributes greatly in building a robust safety profile for PEA.

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