scholarly journals Perilla frutescens Extracts Enhance DNA Repair Response in UVB Damaged HaCaT Cells

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Hyuna Lee ◽  
Eunmi Park
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Uvb Exposure

Physiological processes in skin are associated with exposure to UV light and are essential for skin maintenance and regeneration. Here, we investigated whether the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla frutescens (Perilla), a well-known Asian herb, affect DNA damage response and repair in skin and keratinocytes exposed to Untraviolet B (UVB) light. First, we examined the protective effects of Perilla leaf extracts in UVB damaged mouse skin in vivo. Second, we cultured calluses using plant tissue culture technology, from Perilla leaf explant and then examined the effects of the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla on UVB exposed keratinocytes. HaCaT cells treated with leaf and callus Perilla extracts exhibited antioxidant activities, smaller DNA fragment tails, and enhanced colony formation after UVB exposure. Interestingly, keratinocytes treated with the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla showed G1/S cell cycle arrest, reduced protein levels of cyclin D1, Cyclin Dependent Kinase 6 (CDK6), and γH2AX, and enhanced levels of phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 1 (pCHK1) following UVB exposure. These observations suggest that the leaf and callus extracts of Perilla are candidate nutraceuticals for the prevention of keratinocyte aging.

scholarly journals The Protective Role of Feruloylserotonin in LPS-Induced HaCaT Cells

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhu He ◽  
Byung-gook Kim ◽  
Hye-Eun Kim ◽  
Qiaochu Sun ◽  
Shuhan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amides ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Epidermal inflammation is caused by various bacterial infectious diseases that impair the skin health. Feruloylserotonin (FS) belongs to the hydroxycinnamic acid amides of serotonin, which mainly exists in safflower seeds and has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Human epidermis mainly comprises keratinocytes whose inflammation causes skin problems. This study investigated the protective effects of FS on the keratinocyte with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced human HaCaT cells and elucidated its underlying mechanisms of action. The mechanism was investigated by analyzing cell viability, PGE2 levels, cell apoptosis, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) translocation, and TLR4/NF-κB pathway. The anti-inflammatory effects of FS were assessed by inhibiting the inflammation via down-regulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Additionally, FS promoted Nrf2 translocation to the nucleus, indicating that FS showed anti-oxidative activities. Furthermore, the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of FS were found to benefit each other, but were independent. Thus, FS can be used as a component to manage epidermal inflammation due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties.

scholarly journals Exosomal miR-25-3p from mesenchymal stem cells alleviates myocardial infarction by targeting pro-apoptotic proteins and EZH2

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Peng ◽  
Ji-Ling Zhao ◽  
Zhi-Yong Peng ◽  
Wei-Fang Xu ◽  
Guo-Long Yu
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects ◽  
Apoptotic Proteins

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising approach against myocardial infarction (MI). Studies have demonstrated that MSCs can communicate with other cells by secreting exosomes. In the present study, we aimed to identify exosomal microRNAs that might contribute to MSC-mediated cardioprotective effects. Primary cardiomyocytes were deprived of oxygen and glucose to mimic MI in vitro. For the animal model of MI, the left anterior descending artery was ligated for 1 h, followed by reperfusion for 12 h. MSC-derived exosomes were used to treat primary cardiomyocytes or mice. Cardioprotection-related microRNAs were determined, followed by target gene identification and functional studies with quantitative PCR, western blotting, MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assay. We found that MSC co-culture reduced OGD-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammatory responses. Cardioprotection was also observed upon treatment with MSC-derived exosomes in vitro and in vivo. In line with this, exosome uptake led to a significant increase in miR-25-3p in cardiomyocytes. Depletion of miR-25-3p in MSCs abolished the protective effects of exosomes. Mechanistically, miR-25-3p directly targeted the pro-apoptotic genes FASL and PTEN and reduced their protein levels. Moreover, miR-25-3p decreased the levels of EZH2 and H3K27me3, leading to derepression of the cardioprotective gene eNOS as well as the anti-inflammatory gene SOCS3. Inhibition of EZH2 or overexpression of miR-25-3p in cardiomyocytes was sufficient to confer cardioprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. We concluded that exosomal miR-25-3p from MSCs alleviated MI by targeting pro-apoptotic proteins and EZH2.

scholarly journals Heme Oxygenase-1, a Key Enzyme for the Cytoprotective Actions of Halophenols by Upregulating Nrf2 Expression via Activating Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt in EA.hy926 Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu E. Feng ◽  
Tai Gang Liang ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
De Peng Kong ◽  
Rui Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Ea.Hy926 Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key enzyme triggered by cellular stress, exhibiting cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory abilities. Previously, we prepared a series of novel active halophenols possessing strong antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we demonstrated that these halophenols exhibited significant protective effects against H2O2-induced injury in EA.hy926 cells by inhibition of apoptosis and ROS and TNF-αproduction, as well as induction of the upregulation of HO-1, the magnitude of which correlated with their cytoprotective actions. Further experiments which aimed to determine the mechanistic basis of these actions indicated that the halophenols induced the activation of Nrf2, Erk1/2, and PI3K/Akt without obvious effects on the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, or the expression of PKC-δ. This was validated with the use of PD98059 and Wortmannin, specific inhibitors of Erk1/2 and PI3K, respectively. Overall, our study is the first to demonstrate that the cytoprotective actions of halophenols involve their antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory abilities, which are mediated by the upregulation of Nrf2-dependent HO-1 expression and reductions in ROS and TNF-αgeneration via the activation of Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt in EA.hy926 cells. HO-1 may thus be an important potential target for further research into the cytoprotective actions of halophenols.

scholarly journals Determination of sun protection factor and physical remanence of dermocosmetic emulgels formulated with Manilkara zapota (L.) fruit extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-816
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Naveed Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Physicochemical Evaluation

Purpose: To develop a stable emulgel formulation from Manilkara zapota fruit extract (MZFE) and evaluate its sun-protective factor (SPF) and its physical retention on facial skin. Methods: Active test formulations containing MZFE and placebo (containing no active ingredients) were prepared by dispersing the primary emulsion into a gel phase. Both test and placebo emulgel formulations were subjected to physicochemical evaluation, stability studies, and assessment of possible photo-protective properties. The sun-protective factor (SPF) was determined in vitro by spectrophotometric analysis. Non-invasive in vivo skin bioengineering technique was used to assess the UV-quenching effects of the test and placebo emulgel formulations. Results: A stable and cosmetically acceptable emulgel formulation loaded with MZFE was obtained. The formulation and control exhibited optimum physicochemical stability in stress stability tests. The formulation exhibited promising photo-protective effects both in vitro (SPF = 14.215 ± 0.140) and in vivo (lasted for approximately 120 min). Conclusion: The developed MZFE-loaded test emulgel formulation possesses suitable photoprotection capability in vitro, and displays quenching effects against specific wavelengths of UV light, indicating a UV-filtering property

scholarly journals Investigation of invitro Antioxidant and invivo Protective Effects of Hypericum triquetrifolium Seed Methanol Extracts against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Acute Myelotoxicity, Hemotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songul Cetik Yildiz ◽  
Cumali Keskin ◽  
Adnan Ayhanci
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antioxidant properties and in-vivo protective effects of different concentrations of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. (HT) seed methanol extracts against acute hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats exposed to overdose of cyclophosphamide (CP). HT seed methanol extracts were tested in view of its in-vitro antioxidant activities as total phenolic contents and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity. To investigate in-vivo protective effects of HT seed methanol extracts on rat tissues; tested animals were divided into nine groups. Three groups only were treated with HT extracts (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days. Three groups were pre-treated with the extract of HT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT) for 6 days and on the last day they were injected with single dose of CP (150-mg/kg body weight). Two groups were used as control groups and one group was only treated with CP (150 mg/kg) on the 6th day. The toxic effects of CP and protective effects of HT extracts on the nucleated cells which were produced by bone marrow and serum alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were investigated biochemically. Additionally, liver tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Our results show that HT seed methanol extract has high total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Over dose CP administration caused hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematotoxicity on rat. Whereas, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg HT plus CP administered groups showed significant protective effects on nucleated cells. And 25, 50, 100 mg/kg HT plus CP treated groups showed an important decrease on serum ALT, ALP, LDH and OSI levels when compared with CP treated group. Our results showed that the administration of different HT doses with high doses of CP significantly reduced hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity and hematoxicity on rats.

scholarly journals Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Organ Protective Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yuan ◽  
Zheng Gao ◽  
Wenbo Liu ◽  
Huaping Li ◽  
Yiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Characteristic Functional

As an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process, the treatment for aging seems strategically necessary, and polysaccharides play important roles against aging owing to their abundant bioactivities. In this paper, the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FPS) and its sulfated FPS (SFPS) on d-galactose-induced aging mice were investigated. The in vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated that SFPS had strong reducing power and superior scavenging effects on 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals and the chelating activities of Fe2+. The in vivo animal experiments manifested that the SFPS showed superior antioxidant and protective abilities against the d-galactose-induced aging by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities, decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving the inflammatory response and ameliorating the anile condition of mice. Furthermore, the structural analysis of SFPS was investigated through FT-IR, NMR, and HPLC analysis, and the results indicated that SFPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with a weight-average molecular weight of 2.81 × 103 Da. Furthermore, SFPS has also changed in characteristic functional groups and monosaccharide composition compared to FPS. These results suggested that sulfated modification could enhance the anti-oxidation, anti-aging and protective activities of F. velutipes polysaccharides, which may provide references for the development of functional foods and natural medicines.

p53-Dependent Regulation of Nucleotide Excision Repair in Murine Epidermis in vivo

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. Tron ◽  
Martin J. Trotter ◽  
Takatoshi Ishikawa ◽  
Vincent C. Ho ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Pyrimidine Dimers ◽  
Cyclobutane Dimers ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
Programed Cell Death

Background: p53 protects the integrity of the genome by inducing programed cell death or by promoting DNA repair. We have previously shown that loss or mutation of p53 leads to reduced DNA repair in keratinocytes. Objective: The hypothesis that p53 regulates repair of ultraviolet light-induced epidermal DNA damage in vivo was tested in mice. Methods: An immunohistochemical assay for pyrimidine dimers and 6–4 photoproducts was performed on ultraviolet-irradiated skin from p53 null (−/−) and wild type (+/+) mice. Immunostaining for photoproducts was quantified using computer-assisted imaging. The level of DNA repair was then expressed as the percentage of positive cells remaining as compared to the zero hour time point. Results: p53+/+ mouse skin exposed to 1000 J/m2 retained ≈ 25% of epidermal cyclobutane dimers at 48 h, whereas approximately 50% remained in p53−/− cells. Using the same UV dose, p53+/+ mice retained 20% of detectable 6–4 photoproducts by 24 h, whereas about 50% remained in epidermal cells of p53-deficient mice. Conclusion: Using in situ labelling of UV-damaged cells, we confirm our earlier conclusion that p53 regulates DNA repair within the epidermis after exposure to UV light.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Leaf Extracts fromPlukenetia volubilisLinneo (Euphorbiaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Karina Lima Nascimento ◽  
Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira ◽  
Nednaldo Dantas-Santos ◽  
Júlia Morais Fernandes ◽  
Silvana Maria Zucolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Viability Assay

Plukenetia volubilisLinneo, or Sacha inca, is an oleaginous plant from the Euphorbiaceae family. The aim of this work was to perform a chemical and biological analysis of different leaf extracts fromP. volubilissuch as aqueous extract (AEL), methanol (MEL), ethanol (EEL), chloroform (CEL), and hexane (HEL). Thin layer chromatography analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, steroids, and/or terpenoídes. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities were analyzed byin vitroassays and their effects on cell lineages byin vivoassays. The Total Antioxidant Capacity (TCA) was expressed as equivalent ascorbic acid (EEA/g) and it was observed that the extracts showed values ranging from 59.31 to 97.76 EAA/g. Furthermore, the DPPH assay values ranged from 62.8% to 88.3%. The cell viability assay showed that the extracts were able to reduce viability from cancer cells such as HeLa and A549 cells. The extracts MEL and HEL (250 µg/mL) were able to reduce the proliferation of HeLa cells up to 54.3% and 48.5%, respectively. The flow cytometer results showed that these extracts induce cell death via the apoptosis pathway. On the other hand, the extracts HEL and AEL were able to induce cell proliferation of normal fibroblast 3T3 cells.

scholarly journals (Z)-5-(2,4-Dihydroxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione Prevents UVB-Induced Melanogenesis and Wrinkle Formation through Suppressing Oxidative Stress in HRM-2 Hairless Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonggi Lee ◽  
Kyoung Mi Moon ◽  
Seong Jin Kim ◽  
So Hee Kim ◽  
Dae Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Dorsal Skin ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Uvb Exposure

Background. Uncontrolled melanogenesis and wrinkle formation are an indication of photoaging. Our previous studies demonstrated that (Z)-5-(2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (MHY498) inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanogenesisin vitro.Objective. To examinein vivoeffects of MHY498 as an antiaging compound on UVB-induced melanogenesis and wrinkle formation, we topically applied MHY498 on dorsal skin of HRM-2 hairless mice.Methods. Using histological analysis, we evaluated effects of MHY498 on melanogenesis and wrinkle formation after UVB exposure. In addition, related molecular signaling pathways were examined using western blotting, fluorometric assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. MHY498 suppressed UVB-induced melanogenesis by inhibiting phosphorylation of CREB and translocation of MITF protein into the nucleus, which are key factors for tyrosinase expression. Consistently, tyrosinase protein levels were notably reduced in the dorsal skin of the hairless mice by MHY498 treatment. Furthermore, MHY498 inhibited UVB-induced wrinkle formation and collagen fiber destruction by increasing type 1 procollagen concentration and decreasing protein expression levels of MMPs, which play an essential role in collagen fiber degradation. As a mechanism, MHY498 notably ameliorated UVB-induced oxidative stress and NF-κB activation in the dermal skin of the hairless mice.Conclusion. Our study suggests that MHY498 can be used as a therapeutic or cosmetic agent for preventing uncontrolled melanogenesis and wrinkle formation.

Millettia aboensis ameliorates oxidative stress through synergic interaction of its active compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku ◽  
Peter Achunike Akah ◽  
Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe ◽  
Amara Anwuchaepe Ajaghaku ◽  
Christian Ejike Onah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Liver Microsome ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts

AbstractBackgroundM. aboensis has wide ethnopharmacological applications but very little has been done on the pharmacological basis for these indications. This study evaluated the antioxidant potentials of the leaf extracts of M. aboensis.MethodsTotal phenolic content of the extract and fractions was carried out using folin-ciocalteu method while in vivo site specific effect determined using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver oxidative damage. Chromatographic separations of the most active fraction led to the isolation of compounds 1 and 2 with their structures elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry. Inhibition of liver microsome lipid peroxidation was used to evaluate the antioxidant activities of these compounds while DPPH test was used to study their interaction.ResultsEthyl acetate fraction had the highest phenolic content of 305.2 mgGAE/g with n-hexane fraction having the least (26.1 mgGAE/g). Structural elucidation revealed compound 1 as epicathechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-cathechin and compound 2 as epicathechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-epicathechin. Compounds 1 & 2 inhibited liver microsome lipid peroxidation with EC50 of 46 and 55 µg/mL respectively. Combination of the compounds produced synergic inhibition of DPPH radical with EC50 of 7 µg/mL against 9 µg/mL produced by ascorbic acid.ConclusionM. aboensis expressed strong antioxidant property which may explain its diverse ethnopharmacological uses.

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