scholarly journals Association of Dietary Patterns with Weight Status and Metabolic Risk Factors among Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1153
Author(s):  
Seulki Oh ◽  
So Yeong Lee ◽  
Do-Yeon Kim ◽  
Sarah Woo ◽  
YoonMyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Lower Weight

Unhealthy dietary patterns are associated with obesity in children and adolescents. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between dietary patterns and obesity-related metabolic disorders among Asians. We identified dietary patterns in children and adolescents and examined the associations between these patterns and obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in South Korea. This study is a cross-sectional design. We used baseline data from an intervention study of 435 Korean children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. Insulin resistance was assessed as HOMA-IR ≥ 2.6. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by cardiovascular disease risk factor clustering. Dietary intakes were estimated using 3-day food records. Factor analysis was used to obtain dietary patterns, and we examined the associations between dietary patterns and obesity-related markers adjusted for potential covariates. Three dietary patterns were identified as fast food and soda (FFS), white rice and kimchi (WRK), and oil and seasoned vegetable (OSV) patterns. Compared with participants in the lower intake of FFS pattern, those in the top intake were associated with a higher waist circumference (WC) (β = 1.55), insulin level (β = 1.25), and body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.53) and it was positively associated with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.6 (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.227–3.638) (p < 0.05). WRK pattern was associated with lower weight and higher HDL cholesterol, and the OSV pattern was associated with a lower weight, WC, and insulin level (p < 0.05). The FFS pattern showed a positive relation with WC, serum insulin, and BMI, and the other two dietary patterns indicated a preventive effect of those parameters. The FFS pattern was associated with significantly elevated insulin resistance among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Metabolite Profile of Treatment-Naive Metabolic Syndrome Subjects in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Moritz V. Warmbrunn ◽  
Annefleur M. Koopen ◽  
Nicolien C. de Clercq ◽  
Pieter F. de Groot ◽  
Ruud S. Kootte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Treatment Naïve

Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study aimed to find distinct plasma metabolite profiles between insulin-resistant and non-insulin resistant subjects with MetSyn and evaluate if MetSyn metabolite profiles are related to CVD risk and lipid fluxes. In a cross-sectional study, untargeted metabolomics of treatment-naive males with MetSyn (n = 132) were analyzed together with clinical parameters. In a subset of MetSyn participants, CVD risk was calculated using the Framingham score (n = 111), and lipolysis (n = 39) was measured by a two-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp using [1,1,2,3,3-2H5] glycerol to calculate lipolysis suppression rates. Peripheral insulin resistance was related to fatty acid metabolism and glycerolphosphorylcholine. Interestingly, although insulin resistance is considered to be a risk factor for CVD, we observed that there was little correspondence between metabolites associated with insulin resistance and metabolites associated with CVD risk. The latter mainly belonged to the androgenic steroid, fatty acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phophatidylcholine pathways. These data provide new insights into metabolic changes in mild MetSyn pathophysiology and MetSyn CVD risk related to lipid metabolism. Prospective studies may focus on the pathophysiological role of the here-identified biomarkers.

scholarly journals Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphism with Metabolic Syndrome among Mongolian Subjects: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ariunbold Chuluun-Erdene ◽  
Orgil Sengeragchaa ◽  
Tsend-Ayush Altangerel ◽  
Purevjal Sanjmyatav ◽  
Batnaran Dagdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Individual Snps ◽  
Increased Risk

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is complex and determined by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors and their influence on obesity, insulin resistance, and related traits associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. Some dynamic markers, including adiponectin (ADIPOQ), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), are implicated in MetS; however, the influence of their genetic variants on MetS susceptibility varies in racial and ethnic groups. We investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP interactions among nine SNPs in six genes with MetS’s genetic predisposition in Mongolian subjects. A total of 160 patients with MetS for the case group and 144 healthy individuals for the control group were selected to participate in this study. Regression analysis of individual SNPs showed that the ADIPOQ + 45GG (odds ratio (OR) = 2.09, p = 0.011) and P+P+ of LPL PvuII (OR = 2.10, p = 0.038) carriers had an increased risk of MetS. Conversely, G allele of LPL S447X (OR = 0.45, p = 0.036) and PGC-1α 482Ser (OR = 0.26, p = 0.001) allele were estimated as protective factors, respectively. Moreover, a haplotype containing the G-P+-G combination was related to MetS. Significant loci were also related to body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and fasting blood glucose (FBG), adipokines, and insulin as well as insulin resistance (p < 0.05). Our results confirm that ADIPOQ + 45T > G, LPL PvII, and PGC-1α Gly482Ser loci are associated with MetS in Mongolian subjects.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome or Insulin Resistance: Evolution, Controversies and Association With Cardiovascular Disease Risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Arun K. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Definition Of

Metabolic syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and hypertension (HT). Despite various attempts at definition, the syndrome has remained mired in controversy over its components and utility. Insulin resistance and its association with risk of cardiovascular disease are discussed at length in this article. This review also discusses the controversies in the definition of this syndrome, the unique role of insulin resistance in its development, and the causes and implications of this clustering of risk factors characteristic to it, along with suggestions for a more comprehensive approach to this common problem.

TA-65, A Telomerase Activator improves Cardiovascular Markers in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 1905-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luz Fernandez ◽  
Minu Sara Thomas ◽  
Bruno S. Lemos ◽  
Diana M. DiMarco ◽  
Amanda Missimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Luminex Technology

Background: Telomerase Activator 65 (TA-65), a compound extracted from Astragalus membranaceus has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for extending lifespan. Scarce information exists on the effects of TA-65 on parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: We recruited 40 patients with MetS to determine the effects of TA-65 on dyslipidemias, hypertension, and oxidative stress in this at-risk population. The study was a double-blind, randomized crossover design in which patients were allocated to consume either 16 mg daily of a TA-65 supplement or a placebo for 12 weeks. Following a 3-week washout, participants were allocated to the alternate treatment for an additional 12 weeks. Anthropometric and biological markers were measured at the end of each treatment. Plasma lipids, glucose, CReactive Protein (CRP), liver enzymes, and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured using a Cobas c-111. Inflammatory cytokines were measured by Luminex technology and markers of oxidative stress by the use of spectroscopy. Results: Compared to the placebo period, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher while body mass index, waist circumference, and the LDL/HDL ratio were lower (p < 0.05) during TA-65 treatment. In addition, plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was lower during the TA-65 period (p< 0.05). Positive correlations were observed in changes between the placebo and the TA-65 periods in HDL-C and CRP (r = -0.511, p < 0.01), alanine aminotransferase (r = -0.61, p < 0.001) and TNF-α (r = -0.550, p < 0.001) suggesting that the favorable changes observed in HDL were associated with decreases in inflammation. Conclusion: TA-65 improved key markers of cardiovascular disease risk, which were also associated with reductions in inflammation.

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