scholarly journals Study on Reference Range of Zinc, Copper and Copper/Zinc Ratio in Childbearing Women of China

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Huidi Zhang ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Qingqing Man ◽  
Yuqian Li ◽  
Jiaxi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Childbearing Women

Background: Copper and zinc are both essential elements in humans, that play various biological roles in body functions. Population-based reference values have not yet been established in China especially in childbearing women. The aim of this study is to establish a reference value of Zn, Cu and Cu/Zn ratios in childbearing women aged 18–44 from a representative population in China. Method: A total of 191 healthy childbearing women aged 18–44 years old were enrolled from the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (2015) in this study with a series strict inclusion criteria. Basic biological indicators (weight, height, waist, blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fast glycose, HbA1c, blood pressure, uric acid) and elements levels in plasma and whole blood were collected. The 2.5th to 97.5th was used to represent the reference range of Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn ratio. Results: The reference range of Zn, Cu and Cu/Zn ratio in plasma were 70.46–177.53 µg/dL, 74.30–170.68 µg/dL and 0.54–1.68, respectively. The reference range of Zn, Cu and Cu/Zn ratios in whole blood were 402.49–738.05, 74.63–124.52 and 0.13–0.25 µg/dL, respectively. Conclusion: The reference range of Zn, Cu and Cu/Zn ratios in plasma and whole blood of healthy Chinese childbearing women could be used as an indicator to evaluate the status of element deficiency and overload.

scholarly journals Suggested Reference Ranges of Blood Mg and Ca Level in Childbearing Women of China: Analysis of China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (2015)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3287
Author(s):  
Huidi Zhang ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Pengkun Song ◽  
Qingqing Man ◽  
Deqian Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Women

Background: Magnesium and calcium play a variety of biological roles in body functions. Reference values of these elements have not yet been systematically determined in China, especially in childbearing women. We proposed to establish the reference range of Mg, Ca, and Ca/Mg ratio in plasma and whole blood for 18–44 years healthy childbearing women in China. Method: A total of 1921 women of childbearing age (18–44 years) were randomly selected from the 2015 China National Nutrition and Health Survey by taking into account the regional types and monitoring points. Among them, 182 healthy women were screened out with a series strict inclusion criteria to study the reference ranges of elements. Fundamental indicators (weight, height, waist, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, fast glucose, HbA1c, blood pressure, uric acid) and elements concentrations in plasma and whole blood were collected. The 2.5th to 97.5th was used to represent the reference range of Mg, Ca, and Ca/Mg ratio. Results: The reference range of Mg, Ca, and Ca/Mg ratio in plasma were 0.75–1.13 mmol/L, 2.27–3.43 mmol/L, and 2.41–3.44, respectively. Additionally, the reference range of Mg, Ca, and Ca/Mg ratio in whole blood were 1.28–1.83 mmol/L, 1.39–2.26 mmol/L, and 0.90–1.66, respectively. According to the established reference range, the prevalence of magnesium deficiency was 4.79% in 1921 childbearing women, 21.05% in type 2 diabetes, and 5.63% in prediabetes. Conclusion: The reference values of Mg, Ca and Ca/Mg proportion in plasma and entire blood of healthy childbearing women can be utilized as a pointer to assess the status of component lack and over-burden. The lower limit of plasma Mg is in good agreement with the recommended criteria for the determination of hypomagnesemia.

scholarly journals A Higher Serum Anion Gap is Associated with the Risk of Progressing to Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchao Zhang ◽  
Fengran Xiong ◽  
Ruxuan Zhao ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Jin-Kui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Abstract Backgound Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is an invertible interim hyperglycemia period with an increasing risk of diabetes and related complications. Our study was designed to identify that the serum anion gap is related to the risk of progressing to IFG and diabetes. Methods We performed a prospective, population-based study among 1191 Chinese individuals aged 22-87 years who taken health examinations annually between 2006 and 2012 including clinical features and plasma metabolites. All of the participants had no history of diabetes or related chronic complications. We designed logistic regression analysis to examine the associations between clinical and metabolomic factors and the risk of developing to IFG or diabetes. Results Among them, 58 subjects whose fasting glucose were between 6.1 and 7 mmol/L were diagnosed as IFG or diabetes. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), potassium and albumin at baseline, the participants in the upper tertiles of serum anion gap (SAG) are more likely to progress to IFG or diabetes than those in the lower tertiles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to predict incidence of IFG or diabetes. We found the optimal cutoff level for the anion gap was 13.76 mmol/L and the AUC (area under ROC curve) was 0.623. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that a higher SAG is associated with the risk of developing IFG or diabetes.

scholarly journals A Higher Serum Anion Gap Is Associated with the Risk of Progressing to Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yingchao Zhang ◽  
Fengran Xiong ◽  
Ruxuan Zhao ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
History Of

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a reversible intermediate hyperglycemia stage with an increasing risk of diabetes and related complications. Our study was designed to identify the relationship between the serum anion gap and the risk of progressing to impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. Here, we performed a prospective, population-based study among 1191 Chinese individuals aged 22–87 years who took health examinations annually between 2006 and 2012 including clinical features and plasma metabolites. All of the participants had no history of diabetes or related chronic complications. Logistic regression analysis was designed to examine the associations between clinical and metabolomic factors and the risk of developing IFG or diabetes. Among them, 58 subjects whose fasting glucose were between 6.1 and 7 mmol/L were diagnosed as IFG or diabetes. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), potassium, and albumin at baseline, the participants in the upper tertiles of serum anion gap (SAG) had higher odds of progressing to IFG or diabetes than those in the lower tertiles. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed, and the optimal cutoff level for the anion gap to predict incident IFG or diabetes was 13.76 mmol/L, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.623. Our data demonstrate that a higher serum anion gap is associated with the risk of developing IFG or diabetes.

Individual and combined cardiometabolic morbidities and the subsequent risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Wang ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Yinghui Zhang ◽  
Hongfei Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Elderly Chinese

Abstract Objectives To investigate the associations between individual and combined cardiometabolic morbidities and incident cardiovascular events in Chinese adults. Design A prospective, nationwide, and population-based cohort study. Participants 133572 participants aged ≥ 40 years were included in the study. Main Outcome Measures Cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Results Compared with participants without diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia, participants with only diabetes (hazard ratio [HR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32-1.90) or only hypertension (2.04; 1.82-2.28) exhibited significantly higher risk for CVD events, while participants with only dyslipidemia (0.97; 0.84-1.12) exhibited no significantly higher risk for CVD events. When analyzed collectively, participants with diabetes plus hypertension (HR, 2.67; 95%CI, 2.33-3.06), diabetes plus dyslipidemia (1.57; 1.32-1.87), and hypertension plus dyslipidemia (2.12; 1.88-2.39) exhibited significantly higher risk for CVD. Moreover, participants with the combination of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia exhibited the highest risk for CVD events (HR, 3.06; 95%CI, 2.71-3.46). Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for CVD associated with diabetes based on fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L, oral glucose tolerance test-2h glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L, and hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% were 1.64 (1.51-1.78), 1.57 (1.45-1.69), and 1.54 (1.42-1.66), respectively; associated with hypertension based on systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg were 1.89 (1.76-2.03) and 1.74 (1.60-1.88), respectively; associated with dyslipidemia based on total cholesterol ≥6.22 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥4.14 mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <1.04 mmol/L, and triglycerides ≥2.26 mmol/L were 1.18 (1.08-1.30), 1.30 (1.17-1.44), 1.00 (0.92-1.09), and 1.10 (1.01-1.20), respectively. Conclusions Diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia showed additive associations with the risk of CVD events in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.

scholarly journals A higher serum anion gap is associated with the risk of progressing to impaired fasting glucose and diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchao Zhang ◽  
Fengran Xiong ◽  
Ruxuan Zhao ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Area Under Roc Curve

Abstract Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a reversible interim hyperglycemic period in which there is an increasing risk of developing diabetes and related complications. Our study aimed to identify that serum anion gap is related to the risk of IFG and diabetes development. We performed a prospective, population-based study among 1191 Chinese individuals aged 22–87 years who underwent health examinations annually between 2006 and 2012 including determining clinical biochemistry and plasma metabolite parameters. All the participants had no history of diabetes or related chronic complications. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the association between clinical and metabolomic factors and the risk of developing IFG or diabetes. Among them, 58 subjects whose fasting glucose level was between 6.1 and 7 mmol/L were diagnosed with IFG or diabetes. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), potassium and albumin(ALB) levels at baseline, the participants in the upper tertiles of serum anion gap (SAG) were more likely to develop IFG or diabetes than those in the lower tertiles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to predict the incidence of IFG or diabetes. We found the optimal cutoff level for the anion gap was 13.76 mmol/L and the AUC (area under ROC curve) was 0.623. Our data demonstrates that a higher SAG is associated with the risk of developing IFG or diabetes.

Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and development of prehypertension

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
В.В. Шерстнев ◽  
М.А. Грудень ◽  
В.П. Карлина ◽  
В.М. Рыжов ◽  
А.В. Кузнецова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure

Цель - исследование взаимосвязи факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и развития предгипертонии. Методика. Проведен сравнительный и корреляционный анализы показателей модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у обследованных лиц в возрасте 30-60 лет с «оптимальным» артериальным давлением, (n = 63, АД <120/80 мм рт.ст.) и лиц с предгипертонией (n = 52, АД = 120-139/80-89 мм рт.ст.). Результаты. Показано, что лица с предгипертонией по сравнению с группой лиц, имеющих «оптимальное» артериальное давление характеризуются статистически значимо повышенным содержанием холестерина и холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности, интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности, а также значимыми сочетаниями факторов риска: повышенный уровень холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности с интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности; повышенное содержание креатинина с уровнем триглициридов; наследственная отягощенность по заболеваниям почек и интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности; наследственная отягощенность по сахарному диабету и гипертрофия левого желудочка сердца. У лиц с предгипертонией документированы перестройки структуры взаимосвязи (количество, направленность и сила корреляций) между показателями факторов риска в сравнении с лицами, имеющими «оптимальное» артериальное давление. Заключение. Выявленные особенности взаимосвязей факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при предгипертонии рассматриваются как проявление начальной стадии дизрегуляционной патологии и нарушения регуляции физиологических систем поддержания оптимального уровня артериального давления. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and development of prehypertension. Methods. Comparative and correlation analyses of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease were performed in subjects aged 30-60 with «optimal» blood pressure (n = 63, BP <120/80 mm Hg) and prehypertension (n = 52, BP = 120-139 / 80-89 mm Hg). Results. The group with prehypertension compared with the «optimal» blood pressure group had significantly increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, sedentary/intellectual type of occupation, and significant combinations of risk factors. The risk factor combinations included an increased level of LDL cholesterol and a sedentary/intellectual occupation; increased serum levels of creatinine and triglycerides; hereditary burden of kidney disease and a sedentary/intellectual occupation; hereditary burden of diabetes mellitus and cardiac left ventricular hypotrophy. In subjects with prehypertension compared to subjects with «optimal» blood pressure, changes in correlations (correlation number, direction, and strength) between parameters of risk factors were documented. Conclusion. The features of interrelationships between risk factors for cardiovascular disease observed in prehypertension are considered a manifestation of early dysregulation pathology and disordered regulation of physiological systems, which maintain optimal blood pressure.

scholarly journals Association between Blood Pressure and Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Concentration within the Reference Range: A Population-Based Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn O. Åsvold ◽  
Trine Bjøro ◽  
Tom I. L. Nilsen ◽  
Lars J. Vatten
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study

Abstract Context: The association between thyroid function and blood pressure is insufficiently studied. Objective: The objective of the investigation was to study the association between TSH within the reference range and blood pressure. Design and Setting: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study. Subjects: A total of 30,728 individuals without previously known thyroid disease were studied. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure and odds ratio for hypertension (&gt;140/90 mm Hg or current or previous use of antihypertensive medication), according to categories of TSH. Results: Within the reference range of TSH (0.50–3.5 mU/liter), there was a linear increase in blood pressure with increasing TSH. The average increase in systolic blood pressure was 2.0 mm Hg [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–2.6 mm Hg] per milliunit per liter increase in TSH among men, and 1.8 mm Hg (95% CI 1.4–2.3 mm Hg) in women. The corresponding increase in diastolic blood pressure was 1.6 mm Hg (95% CI 1.2–2.0 mm Hg) in men and 1.1 mm Hg (95% CI 0.8–1.3 mm Hg) in women. Comparing TSH of 3.0–3.5 mU/liter (upper part of the reference) with TSH of 0.50–0.99 mU/liter (lower part of the reference), the odds ratio for hypertension was 1.98 (95% CI 1.56–2.53) in men and 1.23 (95% CI 1.04–1.46) in women. Conclusion: Within the reference range of TSH, we found a linear positive association between TSH and systolic and diastolic blood pressure that may have long-term implications for cardiovascular health.

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