scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Contributions to the Postprandial Experience

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Dan M. Livovsky ◽  
Fernando Azpiroz
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Function ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Colonic Fermentation ◽  
Hedonic Dimension

Food ingestion induces homeostatic sensations (satiety, fullness) with a hedonic dimension (satisfaction, changes in mood) that characterize the postprandial experience. Both types of sensation are secondary to intraluminal stimuli produced by the food itself, as well as to the activity of the digestive tract. Postprandial sensations also depend on the nutrient composition of the meal and on colonic fermentation of non-absorbed residues. Gastrointestinal function and the sensitivity of the digestive tract, i.e., perception of gut stimuli, are determined by inherent individual factors, e.g., sex, and can be modulated by different conditioning mechanisms. This narrative review examines the factors that determine perception of digestive stimuli and the postprandial experience.

scholarly journals Research progress of circular RNA in digestive tract tumors: a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 7632-7641
Author(s):  
Haojia Wang ◽  
Yanghui Xiang ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
Rui Ji ◽  
Yuping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Research Progress

scholarly journals Brânquias do peixe marinho Oligoplites palometa (Carangidae): morfologia e atividade funcional de estruturas descritas através de microscópio eletrônico de varredura

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAURA REGINA EIRAS-STOFELLA
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Mucous Secretion ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Tube Digestif ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Pavement Cells ◽  
Branchial Arches ◽  
Pharyngeal Region ◽  
Il Y A

Brânquias do peixe marinho Oligoplites palometa foram caracterizadas em nível ultra-estrutural, com auxílio de microscópio eletrônico de varredura. Os filamentos branquiais variam em comprimento conforme sua localização no arco. As lamelas respiratórias são desenvolvidas. O epitélio que reveste a superfície dos filamentos e da região faríngea dos arcos branquiais é formado por células pavimentosas poligonais com micropregas salientes. Essas dobras na membrana não são definidas no epitélio das lamelas respiratórias. Células caliciformes são abundantes e só não foram encontradas nas lamelas respiratórias. Não há rastro na região faríngea dos arcos. O processo de ingestão de alimentos deve começar pela triagem realizada a partir das informações vindas dos muitos quimioreceptores (botões gustativos) encontrados. Além de proteger, a grande quantidade de espinhos que há na região deve reter e acumular as escamas a serem ingeridas. A abundante secreção de muco provavelmente envolve as escamas retidas entre os espinhos tornando mais fácil sua deglutição. Dessa forma é evitado, também, que o alimento provoque danos aos próprios arcos branquiais e às suas regiões vizinhas, no trato digestivo. ABSTRACT Gills of the seawater fish Oligoplites palometa were characterized ultrastructurally, with the aid of scanning electronic microscopy. The branchial filaments vary in length according to their location in the arch. The respiratory lamellae are well-developed. The epithelium that covers the surface of the filaments and the pharyngeal region of the branchial arches is formed by polygonal pavement cells with salient microridges. These folds in the membrane are not defined in the epithelium of the respiratory lamellae. Caliciform cells are abundant, but were not found in the respiratory lamellae. There are no rakers in the pharyngeal region of the arches. The food ingestion process must begin by selection, based on information obtained from the various chemical receptors (taste buds) found. Besides protection, the large amount of spines found in the region must retain and accumulate the scales to be swallowed. The abundant mucous secretion probably involves the scales retained by the spines, making them easier to swallow. This also prevents food from damaging the gills and adjacent regions in the digestive tract. RÉSUMÉ Les branchies du poisson de mer Oligoplites palometa ont été decrites au niveau ultrastructural, à l’aide d’un microscope électronique à balayage. Les filaments branchiaux varient en longueur selon leur localisation dans la surface des filaments et la région pharyngienne des arcs branchiaux est formé de cellules pavimenteuses polygonales avec des micro-plis saillants. Ces plis de la membrane ne sont pas définis sur l’épithélium des lamelles respiratoires. Les cellules caliciformes sont abondantes, sauf dans les lamelles respiratoires où elles n’ont pas été retrouvées.ll n’ y pas de branchiospines dans la région pharyngienne des arcs. Le processus d’ingestion des aliments doit commencer par le triage réalisé à partir des informations venues des plusieurs chimiorécepteurs (bourgeons gustatives) retrouvés. Outre la protection, la grande quantité d’arêtes qu’il y a dans la région doit retenir et accumuler des écailles à être ingérées. L’abondante sécrétion du mucus probablement enveloppe les écailles retenues améliorant ainsi leur déglutition. Ainsi, cette sécrétion évite aussi que les aliments provoquent des effets nuisibles aux arcs branchiaux et dans les régions avoisinantes du tube digestif.

scholarly journals Individual factors increasing complexity of drug treatment—a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen J. Schmidt ◽  
◽  
Viktoria S. Wurmbach ◽  
Anette Lampert ◽  
Simone Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Individual Factors

scholarly journals Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) in critically ill patients: a narrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastiaan H. J. Wittekamp ◽  
Evelien A. N. Oostdijk ◽  
Brian H. Cuthbertson ◽  
Christian Brun-Buisson ◽  
Marc J. M. Bonten
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Selective Decontamination ◽  
Narrative Review

scholarly journals Food, Eating, and the Gastrointestinal Tract

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan M Livovsky ◽  
Teorora Pribic ◽  
Fernando Azpiroz
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Food Ingestion ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Hedonic Dimension

Food ingestion induces a metered response of the digestive system. Initially, the upper digestive system reacts to process and extract meal substrates. Later, meal residues not absorbed in the small bowel, pass into the colon and activate the metabolism of resident microbiota. Food consumption also induces sensations that arise before ingestion (e.g., anticipatory reward), during ingestion (e.g., gustation), and most importantly, after the meal (i.e., the postprandial experience). The postprandial experience involves homeostatic sensations (satiety, fullness) with a hedonic dimension (digestive well-being, mood). The factors that determine the postprandial experience are poorly understood, despite their potential role in personalized diets and healthy eating habits. Current data suggest that the characteristics of the meal (amount, palatability, composition), the activity of the digestive system (suited processing), and the receptivity of the eater (influenced by multiple conditioning factors) may be important in this context.

Abstract #255: Glimepiride – Bench to Bedside: Narrative Review of the Technological Advancement Update

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Altamash Shaikh ◽  
Anuj Maheshwari ◽  
Banshi Saboo ◽  
Ashok Jhingan ◽  
Shriram Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review ◽  
Technological Advancement
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