scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Administration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Improves Lipid Metabolism of Long–Evans Rats in a Sex-Specific Manner

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 892
Author(s):  
Shrushti Shah ◽  
Tiffany Fillier ◽  
Thu Huong Pham ◽  
Raymond Thomas ◽  
Sukhinder Kaur Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Acyl Composition ◽  
Fatty Acyl Composition ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are microbial metabolites, mainly generated by the action of gut microbiota on dietary fibers. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the three main SCFAs produced typically in a 60:20:20 molar ratio in the colon. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, when given individually as supplements, have shown a protective role in obesity and hyperglycemia; however, the sex-specific effects of a mixture of SCFAs, when given in 60:20:20 ratio, on the regulation of lipid metabolism and lipid profile are not known. Male and female Long–Evans rats were given a mixture of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate; molar ratio 60:20:20) each day for seven days intraperitoneally; plasma and hepatic lipids, gene expression, and lipidomics profile were analyzed. SCFAs significantly decreased plasma and hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol in males, whereas the fatty acyl composition of cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, and phospholipids was modulated in females. SCFAs decreased the mRNA expression of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 in both males and females. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that SCFAs (60:20:20) improved plasma and hepatic lipid levels and fatty acyl composition in a manner that may provide cardio-protective and anti-inflammatory effects in both sexes, via independent mechanisms.

scholarly journals Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Association with Signalling Pathways in Inflammation, Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin He ◽  
Peiwen Zhang ◽  
Linyuan Shen ◽  
Lili Niu ◽  
Ya Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly acetate, propionate and butyrate, are mainly produced by anaerobic fermentation of gut microbes. SCFAs play an important role in regulating energy metabolism and energy supply, as well as maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal environment. In recent years, many studies have shown that SCFAs demonstrate physiologically beneficial effects, and the signalling pathways related to SCFA production, absorption, metabolism, and intestinal effects have been discovered. Two major signalling pathways concerning SCFAs, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRCs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), are well recognized. In this review, we summarize the recent advances concerning the biological properties of SCFAs and the signalling pathways in inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Short-chain fatty acids produced in vitro from fibre residues obtained from mixed diets containing different breads and in human faeces during the ingestion of the diets

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Wisker ◽  
Martina Daniel ◽  
Gerhard Rave ◽  
Walter Feldheim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wholemeal Bread ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

It was studied whether the type of bread (i.e. a low-fibre wheat–rye mixed bread and coarse or fine wholemeal rye bread) either as part of a diet or alone, had an influence on the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced during in vitro fermentation. Fermentation substrates were dietary fibre residues obtained from diets and breads. In addition, it was investigated whether the faecal SCFA pattern in the inoculum donors, who ingested the experimental diets, could be predicted by in vitro fermentation. Yields of SCFA in vitro were 0·51–0·62 g/g fermented polysaccharide. In vitro, the molar ratios of butyrate were higher for the two high-fibre diets containing coarse or fine wholemeal bread than for the low fibre diet containing wheat–rye mixed bread; the difference was significant for the coarse (P < 0·01), but not for the fine bread diet (P = 0·0678). The coarse wholemeal bread alone produced a higher molar ratio of butyrate than the fine wholemeal bread (P < 0·05) and the wheat–rye mixed bread (P < 0·01). Ingestion by the inoculum donors of the diets containing wholemeal bread led to higher faecal butyrate ratios (molar ratios: coarse bread diet 19·6, fine bread diet 17·7) compared with the wheat–rye mixed bread-containing diet (14·9), but the differences between the diets were not significant. For the diets investigated, there were no significant differences between faecal and in vitro SCFA patterns.

scholarly journals Holothuria Leucospilota Polysaccharides Ameliorate Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Rats via Short-Chain Fatty Acids Production and Lipid Metabolism Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqiong Yuan ◽  
Qibing Liu ◽  
Fuqiang Zhao ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Xuanri Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Holothuria leucospilota polysaccharides (HLP) are expected to become potential resources for the treatment of hyperlipidemia because of their various bioactivities. In the study, the treatment of HLP on improving hyperlipidemia in rats was explored. Oral administration of HLP at 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight effectively alleviated serum lipid levels and liver histological abnormalities in high-fat-diet rats. HLP regulated abnormal mRNA, lipogenesis-related hormones and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-12) levels. HLP improved the ability of gut microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs have been found to ameliorate liver lesions. Therefore, HLP alleviated hyperlipidemia by improving the levels of SCFAs to regulate lipid metabolism. These results indicated that HLP could be used as beneficial polysaccharides to alleviate hyperlipidemia.

Microbiota fermentation characteristics of acylated starches and regulation mechanism of short-chain fatty acids on hepatic steatosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Li ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Fenfen Wang ◽  
Padraig Strappe ◽  
Wenting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Starches acylated with specific short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have the potential to provide specificity in SCFA delivery. It is well documented that SCFAs are involved in lipid metabolism, but the...

scholarly journals Branched short-chain fatty acids modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in primary adipocytes

Adipocyte ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Heimann ◽  
Margareta Nyman ◽  
Ann-Ki Pålbrink ◽  
Karin Lindkvist-Petersson ◽  
Eva Degerman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids
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