scholarly journals Radioprotective Effect of Whey Hydrolysate Peptides against γ-Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in BALB/c Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Xin-Ran Liu ◽  
Na Zhu ◽  
Yun-Tao Hao ◽  
Xiao-Chen Yu ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radioprotective Effect ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Whey Hydrolysate ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation therapy is widely used in the treatment of tumor diseases, but it can also cause serious damage to the body, so it is necessary to find effective nutritional supplements. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of whey hydrolysate peptides (WHPs) against 60Coγ radiation damage in mice and explore the mechanism. BALB/c mice were given WHPs by oral gavage administration for 14 days. Then, some mice underwent a 30-day survival test after 8 Gy radiation, and other mice received 3.5 Gy radiation to analyze the changes in body weight, hematology and bone marrow DNA after three and 14 days. In addition, through further analysis of the level of oxidative stress and intestinal barrier function, the possible mechanism of the radioprotective effect of WHPs was explored. The study found WHPs can prolong survival time, restore body weight, and increase the number of peripheral blood white blood cells and bone marrow DNA content in irradiated mice. In addition, WHPs can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and protect the intestinal barrier. These results indicate that WHPs have a certain radioprotective effect in mice, and the main mechanism is related to reducing oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Co-Therapy of Pegylated G-CSF and Ghrelin for Enhancing Survival After Exposure to Lethal Radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliann G. Kiang ◽  
Min Zhai ◽  
Bin Lin ◽  
Joan T. Smith ◽  
Marsha N. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Photon Radiation ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Marrow Cells

Exposure to ionizing radiation (radiation injury, RI) in nuclear-related episode is evident to be life-threatening. RI occurs at levels of organs, tissues, cytosols, or nucleus. Their mechanisms are still not fully understood. FDA approves pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (Neulasta™, Peg-G-CSF) for acute hematopoietic syndrome and has been shown to save lives after lethal RI. We aimed to test whether Ghrelin enhanced Peg-G-CSF’s efficacy to save more lives after lethal RI. B6D2F1/J female mice were used for the study. They received 9.5 Gy (LD50/30 at 0.4 Gy/min) emitted from the 60Co-γ-photon radiation facility. Peg-G-CSF was injected subcutaneously at 1 mg/kg once on days 1, 8, and 15 after irradiation. Ghrelin contains 28 amino acid and is a hunger peptide that has been shown to stimulate food intake, promote intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, elevates immunity, inhibits brain hemorrhage, and increases stress-coping. Ghrelin was injected subcutaneously at 113 μg/kg once on days 1, 2, and 3 after irradiation. Survival, body weight, water consumption, hematology, spleen weight, splenocytes, bone marrow cells, and histology of bone marrow and ileum were performed. We observed that radiation resulted in 30-days survival by 30%. RI decreased their body weights and water consumption volumes. On the 30th day post-RI, platelets and WBCs such as basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils and leukocytes were still significantly decreased in surviving mice. Likewise, their RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and splenocytes remained low; splenomegaly was found in these mice. Bone marrow in surviving RI animals maintained low cellularity with high counts of fat cells and low counts of megakaryocytes. Meanwhile, ileum histology displayed injury. However, mice co-treated with both drugs 24 h after RI resulted in 30-days survival by 45% above the vehicle group. Additionally, the body-weight loss was mitigated, the acute radiation syndrome was reduced. This co-therapy significantly increased neutrophils, eosinophils, leukocytes, and platelets in circulation, inhibited splenomegaly, and increased bone marrow cells. Histopathological analysis showed significant improvement on bone marrow cellularity and ileum morphology. In conclusion, the results provide a proof of concept and suggest that the co-therapy of Peg-G-CSF and Ghrelin is efficacious to ameliorate RI.

Abstract 1129: Obesity-related Elevations in Soluble P-selectin are Derived From Endothelium and Dependent on Expression of Leukocyte P-selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J Wickenheiser ◽  
Peter F Bodary ◽  
Kristina Bahrou ◽  
Daniel T Eitzman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
Deficient Mice

Background : Obesity is associated with proinflammatory changes and an increased risk for vascular disease complications. The tissue source and mechanism by which soluble P-selectin (sPsel) is generated in obesity are unclear. Methods and Results : Soluble p-selectin (sPsel) levels were measured in the circulation from lean wild type and obese leptin receptor deficient mice (LepR−/−) at 4 and 10 weeks of age. In wild-type mice body weight increases from 13+/−2 to 20+/−3 grams over this time period while the body weight increases from 15+/−2 to 38+/−5 grams in LepR−/− mice. At 4 weeks of age sPsel levels were 103+/−8mg/mL in wild-type mice vs. 138+/−9 ng/mL in LepR−/− mice, p=0.048. By 10 wks of age sPsel increased to 112 +/− 2 in wild-type mice and 182 +/− 9 in LepR−/− mice, p=0.00005. In order to determine if the obesity-induced rise in sPsel is regulated by leukocyte Psgl-1, bone marrow transplantation was performed from Psgl+/+ or Psgl−/− donors into irradiated LepR−/−recipients. At 4 weeks post-transplant, sPsel levels were 166 +/−6 ng/mL in LepR−/− mice receiving Psgl+/+ marrow and 45 +/− 4 ng/mL in LepR−/− mice receiving Psgl−/− marrow, p=0.0000004. In order to determine if the sPsel in LepR−/− mice originated from the endothelium versus platelets, we transplanted Psel−/− bone marrow into irradiated LepR−/−mice. At 4 weeks post transplant, sPsel levels were 153 +/−3 ng/mL in LepR−/− mice receiving Psel−/− bone marrow and were not significantly different from LepR−/− mice receiving Psel+/+ bone marrow (166 +/−6 ng/mL, p=0.06). By 10 weeks post transplant, mice gained even more weight and levels were 377+/−51 ng/mL in LepR−/− mice receiving Psel+/+ bone marrow and 370+/−73 ng/mL in LepR−/− mice receiving Psel−/− bone marrow, p=0.87. Conclusions : These data suggest that the increase in sPsel observed in obesity is primarily derived from the endothelium and that this process is regulated by leukocyte Psgl-1.

NOX1/NADPH oxidase in bone marrow-derived cells modulates intestinal barrier function

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Liu ◽  
Kazumi Iwata ◽  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Misaki Matsumoto ◽  
Kenjiro Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Bone Marrow Derived Cells

Radioprotective effect of diethylcarbamazine on radiation-induced acute lung injury and oxidative stress in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soghra Farzipour ◽  
Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri ◽  
Ehsan Mihandoust ◽  
Fatemeh Shaki ◽  
Zohreh Noaparast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Radioprotective Effect ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Effects on hematopoiesis in normal and cyclophosphamide-treated primates.

1987 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Welte ◽  
M A Bonilla ◽  
A P Gillio ◽  
T C Boone ◽  
G K Potter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Peripheral White Blood Cells ◽  
In Vivo Effects ◽  
Stimulating Factor

We examined the in vivo effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in primates (cynomolgus monkeys) treated with subcutaneous doses of rhG-CSF for 14-28 d. A dose-dependent increase in the peripheral white blood cells (WBC) was seen, reaching a plateau after 1 wk of rhG-CSF treatment. The elevation of WBC was due to an increase in the absolute neutrophil count. These results demonstrate that rhG-CSF is a potent granulopoietic growth and differentiation factor in vivo. In cyclophosphamide (CY)-induced myelosuppression, rhG-CSF was able to shorten the time period of WBC recovery in two treated monkeys to 1 wk, as compared to more than 4 wk for the control monkey. Its ability to significantly shorten the period of chemotherapy-induced bone marrow hypoplasia may allow clinicians to increase the frequency or dosage of chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, the increase in absolute numbers of functionally active neutrophils may have a profound effect in the rate and severity of neutropenia-related sepsis. Furthermore, the activities reported here indicate a potential role for rhG-CSF in the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, congenital agranulocytosis, radiation-induced myelosuppression, and bone marrow transplantation.

SH2B1 CpG-SNP Is Associated with Body Weight Reduction in Obese Subjects Following a Dietary Restriction Program

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Mansego ◽  
Fermin Ignacio Milagro ◽  
Maria Angeles Zulet ◽  
José Alfredo Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Bdnf Mrna ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Obese Subjects

The objective of this study was to examine whether 7 SNPs previously associated with obesity-related traits that add or remove potential sites of DNA methylation are accompanied by differential DNA methylation and subsequently affect adiposity variables or body weight reduction in WBC from obese subjects under an energy-restricted program. Material and Methods: Anthropometric measurements were assessed in 47 volunteers recruited within the RESMENA study (Spain). At baseline, DNA from white blood cells was isolated and 7 obesity-related trait CpG-SNPs were genotyped by TaqMan-PCR. Then, methylation levels of CpG-SNP sites were quantified by MassArray® EpiTyper™ or MS-HRM approaches. Results: Differential DNA methylation levels were observed by genotypes in all of the CpG-SNPs analyzed. The FTO and BDNF methylation levels were further correlated with baseline body weight and, BDNF mRNA levels and body weight change, respectively. Moreover, the rs7359397 (SH2B1) was associated with the body weight, body mass index, and truncal fat mass reduction. Conclusions: Our results reveal the interaction of epigenetic and genetic variations in CpG-SNPs, especially in BDNF and SH2B1 genes, and how allele-specific methylation may contribute to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms as these SNPs are affecting the decrease of mRNA levels and contributing to a lower body weight reduction. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

scholarly journals Quantification and three-dimensional microanatomical organization of the bone marrow

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Nombela-Arrieta ◽  
Markus G. Manz
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Spatial Logic ◽  
Health And Disease

Abstract Bone marrow (BM) constitutes one of the largest organs in mice and humans, continuously generating, in a highly regulated manner, red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells that together form the majority of cells of the body. In this review, we provide a quantitative overview of BM cellular composition, we summarize emerging knowledge on its structural organization and cellular niches, and we argue for the need of multidimensional approaches such as recently developed imaging techniques to uncover the complex spatial logic that underlies BM function in health and disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document