scholarly journals Comparison of 24-Hour Recall and 3-Day Food Records during the Complementary Feeding Period in Thai Infants and Evaluation of Plasma Amino Acids as Markers of Protein Intake

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Kulnipa Kittisakmontri ◽  
Julie Lanigan ◽  
Areeporn Sangcakul ◽  
Thipwimol Tim-Aroon ◽  
Pornchai Meemaew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Milk Feeding

Background: An accurate and reliable measurement of nutrient intake is the first and foremost step in order to optimise infant nutrition and evaluate its impact on health outcomes. However, research on the validity of dietary assessment tools used during the weaning period is limited, especially in lower-middle income countries. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate relative validity of a 24-h recall method (24-HR) using a 3-day food record (3-DFR). A secondary aim was to investigate association between protein intake from 3-DFR and plasma amino acids as a potential protein biomarker. Methods A multicentre, prospective cohort study was conducted in Chiang Mai, Thailand from June 2018 to May 2019. Food consumption data were collected in healthy infants using 24-HR and 3-DFR at 9 and 12 months of age. Blood samples were obtained at 12 months (M). Plasma amino acids were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography. Results Of 145 infants, 49% were female. At group level, paired t-tests/Wilcoxon signed rank tests did not show significant differences between average nutrient intakes from the 2 dietary assessment methods, except for vitamin A and vitamin C. Weighted kappa (Kw) was acceptable for all nutrients, except for vitamin A intake at 9 M (Kw = 0.15). The Bland–Altman analyses were unbiased for most nutrients with variable limits of agreement. At individual level, correlation coefficients (r) ranged from acceptable to excellent (r = 0.37–0.87) while cross-classifications showed acceptable outcomes, except for vitamin A. Multivariate analyses showed significant associations between protein intake at 12 M from the 3-DFR and plasma concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and essential amino acids (EAA), even after adjusting for gender, milk feeding type and energy intake. Conclusions For infants aged 9–12 M, a 24-HR can be used as a more practical alternative to a 3-DFR for most nutrients although caution is required for some micronutrients, especially vitamin A. A repeated interview might further improve the accuracy. Furthermore, protein intake, particularly animal-based protein, significantly predicted plasma BCAA and EAA concentrations regardless of gender, type of milk feeding and energy consumption.

Quantitative Changes in Plasma Amino Acids Induced by Oral Contraceptives

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Craft ◽  
T. J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Quantitative Changes

1. Plasma amino acids have been determined in healthy untreated women and in those receiving synthetic steroids to suppress ovulation. Both groups were studied early in the cycle when endogenous sex hormone production is low, and again later in the same cycle, when endogenous or exogenous hormones are at high concentrations respectively. 2. In normal women there is a significant decrease in plasma concentrations of serine, glutamate and ornithine, and of total amino acids in the second half of the cycle. 3. At this time those taking oral contraceptives have significant decreases in plasma concentrations of proline, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine and tyrosine, and of total plasma amino acids. In addition plasma glutamate, glycine, isoleucine and tyrosine concentrations are significantly lower than in normal women. 4. In the interval between completing one course of contraceptive pills and commencing the next, total plasma amino acid concentration reverts to normal, but a significant decrease in plasma glycine concentration persists. 5. It is suggested that these changes are due to the influence of endogenous and exogenous sex hormones respectively.

scholarly journals Comparison of a web-based food record tool and a food-frequency questionnaire and objective validation using the doubly labelled water technique in a Swedish middle-aged population

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Nybacka ◽  
Heléne Bertéus Forslund ◽  
Elisabet Wirfält ◽  
Ingrid Larsson ◽  
Ulrika Ericson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Food Frequency

AbstractTwo web-based dietary assessment tools have been developed for use in large-scale studies: the Riksmaten method (4-d food record) and MiniMeal-Q (food-frequency method). The aim of the present study was to examine the ability of these methods to capture energy intake against objectively measured total energy expenditure (TEE) with the doubly labelled water technique (TEEDLW), and to compare reported energy and macronutrient intake. This study was conducted within the pilot study of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), which included 1111 randomly selected men and women aged 50–64 years from the Gothenburg general population. Of these, 200 were enrolled in the SCAPIS diet substudy. TEEDLW was measured in a subsample (n 40). Compared with TEEDLW, both methods underestimated energy intake: −2·5 (sd  2·9) MJ with the Riksmaten method; −2·3 (sd 3·6) MJ with MiniMeal-Q. Mean reporting accuracy was 80 and 82 %, respectively. The correlation between reported energy intake and TEEDLW was r 0·4 for the Riksmaten method (P < 0·05) and r 0·28 (non-significant) for MiniMeal-Q. Women reported similar average intake of energy and macronutrients in both methods whereas men reported higher intakes with the Riksmaten method. Energy-adjusted correlations ranged from 0·14 (polyunsaturated fat) to 0·77 (alcohol). Bland–Altman plots showed acceptable agreement for energy and energy-adjusted protein and carbohydrate intake, whereas the agreement for fat intake was poorer. According to energy intake data, both methods displayed similar precision on energy intake reporting. However, MiniMeal-Q was less successful in ranking individuals than the Riksmaten method. The development of methods to achieve limited under-reporting is a major challenge for future research.

Portal vein, hepatic vein and circulating plasma amino acids in rats given diets based on lactalbumin, faba bean (Vicia faba) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Rubiot
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Portal Blood Flow ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Synthetic Amino Acids ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Faba Beans

AbstractThree experiments were carried out to determine plasma amino acids concentrations in circulating, portal and hepatic blood of growing male Wistar rats given diets containing lactalbumin, faba beans or chickpeas as the only protein source. Diets contained the same amount of digestible energy (15·5 kJ/g) and protein (lactalbumin in controls or legume proteins in the experimental diets; 100 g/kg). Appropriate amounts of essential synthetic amino acids were also added to legume-based diets taking into account their amino acid composition to equalize them to control (lactalbumin) diets. Portal blood flow (8·7±0·3 ml/min) was measured by using a transit-time ultrasound flow probe. Higher (P < 001) plasma concentrations of methionine than of controls were determined in hepatic veins of legume-fed rats. In contrast, lower (P < 001) concentrations of threonine, proline, valine, leucine, phenylalanine and lysine than those of controls were found in faba bean- and chickpea-fed rats. The same result as hepatic was obtained for portal and circulating plasma samples except that alanine and histidine values of legume-fed rats were also lower (P < 001) than controls. Calculated net afferent appearance rates of amino acids to the liver were lower (P < 001) than controls in rats given faba bean and chickpea diets for threonine, alanine, proline, valine, leucine, phenylalanine and lysine. This lower contribution of amino acids to the liver mainly via the portal vein in faba bean or chickpea-fed rats might explain previously reported differences in protein utilization and growth in comparison with animals given other protein sources (lactalbumin).

scholarly journals Dose-ranging effects of citrulline administration on plasma amino acids and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects: the Citrudose pharmacokinetic study

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Moinard ◽  
I. Nicolis ◽  
N. Neveux ◽  
S. Darquy ◽  
S. Bénazeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Multiple Dosing ◽  
Dose Ranging ◽  
Loading Tests ◽  
High Doses

Previous experimental studies have highlighted that citrulline (CIT) could be a promising pharmaconutrient. However, its pharmacokinetic characteristics and tolerance to loading have not been studied to date. The objective was to characterise the plasma kinetics of CIT in a multiple-dosing study design and to assess the effect of CIT intake on the concentrations of other plasma amino acids (AA). The effects of CIT loading on anabolic hormones were also determined. Eight fasting healthy males underwent four separate oral loading tests (2, 5, 10 or 15 g CIT) in random order. Blood was drawn ten times over an 8 h period for measurement of plasma AA, insulin and growth hormone (Gh). Urine samples were collected before CIT administration and over the next 24 h. None of the subjects experienced side effects whatever the CIT dose. Concerning AA, only CIT, ornithine (ORN) and arginine (ARG) plasma concentrations were affected (maximum concentration 146 (sem 8) to 303 (sem 11) μmol/l (ARG) and 81 (sem 4) to 179 (sem 10) μmol/l (ORN); time to reach maximum concentration 1·17 (sem 0·26) to 2·29 (sem 0·20) h (ARG) and 1·38 (sem 0·25) to 1·79 (sem 0·11) h (ORN) according to CIT dose). Even at high doses, urinary excretion of CIT remained low ( < 5 %). Plasma insulin and Gh were not affected by CIT administration. Short-term CIT administration is safe and well-tolerated. CIT is a potent precursor of ARG. However, at the highest doses, CIT accumulated in plasma while plasma ARG levels increased less than expected. This may be due to saturation of the renal conversion of CIT into ARG.

scholarly journals The Impact of Dietary Protein in Complementary Foods on Infant Growth and Body Composition in a Population Facing the Double Burden of Malnutrition: Protocol for a Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulnipa Kittisakmontri ◽  
Julie Lanigan ◽  
Jonathan C K Wells ◽  
Mary Fewtrell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

BACKGROUND Protein is an essential macronutrient with an important role during complementary feeding. Low protein intake contributes to undernutrition while high intake, especially from animal sources, may increase obesity risk. However, the influences of different protein sources (dairy, meat, and plants) on growth, and underlying mechanisms for these effects, are poorly understood. Animal-sourced foods provide both high-quality protein and iron and are recommended to improve iron status. However, it is unclear whether current dietary recommendations are adequate to support healthy growth and optimize iron status. These issues are of particular concern in countries facing the double burden of malnutrition, the coexistence of all forms of malnutrition. More evidence is needed to develop appropriate recommendations for these countries. OBJECTIVE This study will investigate associations between protein intake during complementary feeding and growth, body composition, and iron status of infants in Thailand, a country facing the double burden of malnutrition. The study will also explore how different protein sources influence growth via the growth hormone—insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) axis and plasma amino acids. METHODS A multicenter cohort study will be conducted in Chiang Mai, Thailand, in 150 healthy term infants aged 4-6 months with birth weight ≥2500 g. Demographic data, dietary intake, and anthropometry will be collected at 6, 9, and 12 months. Dietary intake will be assessed using 24-hour dietary recalls, 3-day food records, and food frequency questionnaires. Blood samples for iron status, growth hormone, IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein III (IGFBP-3), and plasma amino acids and urine samples for body composition analysis using stable isotope dilution will be obtained at 12 months. RESULTS The recruitment of study participants and data collection was undertaken from June 2018 to May 2019. Data and laboratory analyses are ongoing and are expected to be completed by December 2020. A total of 150 participants were enrolled, and 146 completed the study. We hypothesized that protein intake from animal-sourced foods in recommended quantities could support normal weight and length gain and lower the risk of undernutrition associated with similar amounts of plant-based protein. However, higher protein intake, especially from milk protein, may be linked to increased body fat via plasma amino acids and the growth hormone-IGF axis. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study will provide data on current complementary feeding practices, focusing on protein and iron intake in Thai infants. This information, combined with data on associations with infant growth and iron status, will help inform complementary feeding recommendations for this population and may be found relevant to other settings experiencing the double burden of malnutrition. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/18112

Effect of Increased Dietary Protein on the Plasma Methyl-Cycle Amino Acid Profile and Kinetics during Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Sarita Devi ◽  
Tinku Thomas ◽  
Pratibha Dwarkanath ◽  
Annamma Thomas ◽  
C. N. Sheela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Flux Rate ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Methyl Cycle

Low intakes of quality dietary protein could affect the methionine cycle during pregnancy, which is important for fetal growth and epigenetic regulations. Since low quality protein intake is prevalent in India, it is important to define biomarkers of the low protein intake, specifically of methyl cycle homeostasis. A secondary analysis of data was performed, from a randomized intervention trial with 500 ml milk/d on south Indian pregnant women, to examine the association of dietary protein intake with concentrations of specific amino acids (methionine, glycine and serine). The subjects also underwent isotopic infusions (n = 52) for the measurement of amino acid kinetics. Dietary intakes were measured each week by multiple 24 h recall until delivery. The plasma concentrations of amino acids (methionine, serine and glycine) were compared with kinetics of methionine i.e. transmethylation, remethylation and transulfuration (TM, RM, TS) and serine to glycine conversion rates, as measured by stable isotope labeled amino acid infusion. Dietary protein intake in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester correlated positively with intakes of milk and milk based food products (ρ=0.52, p&lt;0.001) and methionine (ρ=0.97, p&lt;0.001) and with gestational weight gain (GWG, ρ=0.32, p=0.044). While the methionine concentration did not correlate with methyl cycle flux parameters (TM, RM and TS), the plasma concentrations of conditionally essential serine and glycine were positively correlated with their respective flux rate and with RM, TM and TS rates. Further, glycine concentrations specifically correlated positively with serine to glycine conversion rates (ρ=0.32, p=0.027). Dietary protein and methionine supply are important for the conservation of methionine during pregnancy. This had an effect on GWG, but not on birth weight, though this may have been due to the relatively small sample size. The plasma concentration of glycine was correlated with the serine-glycine conversion, which affords methyl groups for the body and supplies these when dietary protein/methionine is in poor supply. This indicates that itcan act as a biomarker of the serine-glycine conversion flux rate, which increases in the presence of a poor protein supply. In general, the plasma concentrations of these conditionally essential amino acids may be biomarkers of the methyl cycle during pregnancy, but this needs to be tested in a larger sample.

Amino acid imbalance protein intake, and changes in rat brain and plasma amino acids

1972 ◽  
Vol 223 (6) ◽  
pp. 1497-1497
Author(s):  
Y. Peng ◽  
J. K. Tews ◽  
A. E. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance

Page 314: Y. Peng, J. K. Tews, and A. E. Harper. "Amino acid imbalance protein intake, and changes in rat brain and plasma amino acids." Page 317, Fig. 5: the top section should carry the heading "HISTIDINE IMBALANCE (liver)."

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