scholarly journals Associations between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Minjuan Li ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Shuangli Meng ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Tong Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Studies investigating the associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among Chinese populations are strikingly limited. To assess the associations between dietary GI and GL values and CMRF, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia in Chinese adults, we extracted data of 7886 apparently healthy adults from the 2009 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary GI and GL values were calculated using data collected from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Fasting lipid, glucose, and uric acid concentrations were measured and CMRF were defined on the basis of established criteria. There were no significant associations between dietary GI values and CMRF, and analyzing the data by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and region did not alter these results. Dietary GL values were positively associated with prevalence of hyperuricemia in all participants (Q4 compared with Q1: odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.87; p-trend = 0.0030) and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in participants ≥ 60 years old (Q5 compared with Q1: OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.68; p-trend < 0.0010). Higher dietary GL but not GI values were associated with increased prevalence of hyperuricemia in apparently healthy Chinese adults and hypercholesterolemia in older Chinese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the public health implication of these findings.

scholarly journals Association of Free Sugars Intake with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Japanese Adults: The 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3624
Author(s):  
Aya Fujiwara ◽  
Emiko Okada ◽  
Chika Okada ◽  
Mai Matsumoto ◽  
Hidemi Takimoto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Japanese Adults

The relationship between free sugars intake and cardiometabolic risk factors is unclear in Japanese adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate this association using data from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan. The percentage of energy intake from free sugars was estimated based on the 1-day weighed dietary record data of Japanese men (n = 4071) and women (n = 5794) aged ≥ 20 years. Associations between free sugars intake and cardiometabolic risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressures, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level and levels of serum total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, were investigated using linear regression and Dunnett’s test, with the lowest category of quartiles as a reference. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, free sugars intake was inversely associated with blood pressures (men only) and HDL-cholesterol level (both sexes) and positively associated with total-cholesterol level (women only) and LDL-cholesterol level (both sexes), whereas no association was observed for BMI, WC, and HbA1c level. This study identified both positive and inverse associations of free sugars intake with cardiometabolic risk factors in Japanese adults.

scholarly journals Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Shuangli Meng ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Minjuan Li ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Available data investigating the associations between dietary animal and plant protein intakes and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) among populations with habitual plant-based diets are heterogenous and limited in scope. The current study was to assess the associations between dietary animal and plant protein intakes and CMRFs, including lipid and lipoprotein profiles, glucose homeostasis biomarkers, low-grade chronic inflammatory biomarker and uric acid in Chinese adults. Data of 7886 apparently healthy adults were extracted from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. Dietary protein (total, animal and plant) intakes were assessed with three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls, and CMRFs were measured with standard laboratory methods. Substituting 5% of energy intake from animal protein for carbohydrates was positively associated with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and uric acid (all p < 0.05). Substituting 5% of energy intake from plant protein for carbohydrates was inversely associated with non-HDL-C and LDL-C:HDL-C ratio, and positively associated with HDL-C and glycated hemoglobin (all p < 0.05). Some of these associations varied in subgroup analyses by BMI, sex, age or region. There were no significant associations between animal or plant protein intakes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The public health implication of these findings requires further investigation.

scholarly journals The Visceral Adipose Index in Relation to Incidence of Hypertension in Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Yong Xue ◽  
Qun Shen ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
Zijian Dai ◽  
Tingchao He
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Hypertension is the most crucial single contributor to global burden of disease and mortality, while weight loss as a non-pharmacological strategy is recommended to reduce blood pressure. This study aims to examine the association between visceral adipose index (VAI) and hypertension in Chinese adults. Data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), consisting of 8374 apparently healthy participants aged ≥18 years in the 2009 CHNS for cross-sectional analysis, and 4275 participants at entry from 2009 to 2011 for cohort analysis. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), and blood lipid were measured. Information of population characteristics, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet were determined by validated questionnaire. Higher VAI scores were significantly associated with higher BP levels and higher risk of hypertension after adjustment with potential confounders (all p-trend < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio of hypertension was 1.526 (95%CI: 1.194, 1.952; p-trend < 0.01) for participants in the highest quartile of VAI scores when compared with those in the lowest quartile after adjustment for age, physical activity, antihypertensive medication, total energy intake, salt intake, and other major lifestyle factors. VAI scores were significantly, longitudinally associated with hypertension development among apparently healthy Chinese adults.

scholarly journals The Association of Body Composition with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Apparently Healthy Young Adult Females

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Orr ◽  
Mary A. Elsesser ◽  
Ryan T. Tyler ◽  
Timothy A. Rengers ◽  
Evan Eschker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Young Adult ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Apparently Healthy
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