scholarly journals Dietary Fiber Intake Alters Gut Microbiota Composition but Does Not Improve Gut Wall Barrier Function in Women with Future Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3862
Author(s):  
Kate I. Tomsett ◽  
Helen L. Barrett ◽  
Evelyn E. Dekker ◽  
Leonie K. Callaway ◽  
David H. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Lower Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Pregnancy alters the inflammatory state, metabolic hormones, and gut microbiota composition. It is unclear if the lower abundance of dietary fiber-fermenting, short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria observed in hypertension also occurs in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber intake and the gut microbiota profile at 28 weeks gestation in women who developed HDP in late pregnancy (n = 22) or remained normotensive (n = 152) from the Study of PRobiotics IN Gestational diabetes (SPRING). Dietary fiber intake was classified as above or below the median of 18.2 g/day. Gut microbiota composition was examined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The gut permeability marker zonulin was measured in a subset of 46 samples. In women with future HPD, higher dietary fiber intake was specifically associated with increased abundance of Veillonella, lower abundance of Adlercreutzia, Anaerotruncus and Uncl. Mogibacteriaceae and higher zonulin levels than normotensive women. Fiber intake and zonulin levels were negatively correlated in women with normotensive pregnancies but not in pregnancies with future HDP. In women with normotensive pregnancies, dietary fiber intake may improve gut barrier function. In contrast, in women who develop HDP, gut wall barrier function is impaired and not related to dietary fiber intake.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Fibres on Acute Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability in the Elderly: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
John-Peter Ganda Mall ◽  
Frida Fart ◽  
Julia A. Sabet ◽  
Carl Mårten Lindqvist ◽  
Ragnhild Nestestog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Dietary Fibres ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The effect of dietary fibres on intestinal barrier function has not been well studied, especially in the elderly. We aimed to investigate the potential of the dietary fibres oat β-glucan and wheat arabinoxylan to strengthen the intestinal barrier function and counteract acute non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin)-induced hyperpermeability in the elderly. A general population of elderly subjects (≥65 years, n = 49) was randomised to a daily supplementation (12g/day) of oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan or placebo (maltodextrin) for six weeks. The primary outcome was change in acute indomethacin-induced intestinal permeability from baseline, assessed by an in vivo multi-sugar permeability test. Secondary outcomes were changes from baseline in: gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammatory status and self-reported health. Despite a majority of the study population (85%) showing a habitual fibre intake below the recommendation, no significant effects on acute indomethacin-induced intestinal hyperpermeability in vivo or gut microbiota composition were observed after six weeks intervention with either dietary fibre, compared to placebo.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber intervention on gut microbiota composition in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel So ◽  
Kevin Whelan ◽  
Megan Rossi ◽  
Mark Morrison ◽  
Gerald Holtmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Low dietary fiber intake increases Collinsella abundance in the gut microbiota of overweight and obese pregnant women

Gut Microbes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa F. Gomez-Arango ◽  
Helen L. Barrett ◽  
Shelley A. Wilkinson ◽  
Leonie K. Callaway ◽  
H. David McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

scholarly journals A Partnership in the Making: Metabolic Phenotype Determined by the Combination of Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome (FS07-03-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Wen Cross ◽  
Evan Hutchison ◽  
Jacob Coulthurst ◽  
Federico Rey
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Objectives Dietary fiber consumption improves cardiometabolic health, partly by enhancing microbial diversity and increasing production of butyrate in the distal gut. However, it is unclear whether the benefits associated with different types of fiber vary based on the gut microbiota composition. We surveyed nine different human gut microbial communities by characterizing them in germ-free mice and selected two communities based on their butyrate-producing capacity (“B”) and diversity (“D”) (i.e., high- vs. low-BD communities). Our objective was to assess the role of high- vs. low-BD communities on the metabolic effects elicited by the consumption of various dietary fibers. Methods We formulated seven diets with different sources of dietary fiber (10% wt/wt): i) resistant starch type 2 (RS2); ii) RS4; iii) inulin; iv) short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS); v) pectin, vi) assorted fiber (a combination of the 5 fermentable fibers), and vii) cellulose (a non-fermentable control). Germ-free C57BL/6 male mice were colonized with either the high- or low-BD communities and fed the assorted fiber diet for 2 weeks to reach stability of microbial engraftment. Mice were then switched to one of the 7 diets for 4 weeks (n = 7–10/group; 117 mice total). We quantified cecal level of short-chain fatty acids and assessed the gut microbiota composition using 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing. Results Mice colonized with the high-BD community have lower body weight and fat mass compared to the low-BD community when fermentable-fiber sources RS2, inulin, or assorted fiber were present in the diet. Body weight did not differ between the two communities when mice were fed RS4, scFOS, pectin, or cellulose diets. Lower body weight and fat mass were associated with greater cecal butyrate concentrations and microbial diversity. Conclusions The efficacy of dietary fiber interventions on metabolic health varies based on the gut microbiota composition. Overall, our results suggest that dietary fiber supplementations need to be matched with the metabolic potential of the gut microbiome. Funding Sources Fondation Leducq, USDA, and NIH.

scholarly journals Seaweed Dietary Fiber Sodium Alginate Suppresses the Migration of Colonic Inflammatory Monocytes and Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome via the Gut Microbiota

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2812
Author(s):  
Ryuta Ejima ◽  
Masahiro Akiyama ◽  
Hiroki Sato ◽  
Sawako Tomioka ◽  
Kyosuke Yakabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Inflammatory Monocytes ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial chronic metabolic disorder that affects approximately one billion people worldwide. Recent studies have evaluated whether targeting the gut microbiota can prevent MetS. This study aimed to assess the ability of dietary fiber to control MetS by modulating gut microbiota composition. Sodium alginate (SA) is a seaweed-derived dietary fiber that suppresses high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS via an effect on the gut microbiota. We observed that SA supplementation significantly decreased body weight gain, cholesterol levels, and fat weight, while improving glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice. SA changed the gut microbiota composition and significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroides. Antibiotic treatment completely abolished the suppressive effects of SA on MetS. Mechanistically, SA decreased the number of colonic inflammatory monocytes, which promote MetS development, in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. The abundance of Bacteroides was negatively correlated with that of inflammatory monocytes and positively correlated with the levels of several gut metabolites. The present study revealed a novel food function of SA in preventing HFD-induced MetS through its action on gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Intestinal microbiota analysis supports inclusion of gluten-free oats to diet of subjects with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Nylund ◽  
Salla Hakkola ◽  
Leo Lahti ◽  
Seppo Salminen ◽  
Baoru Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Gluten Sensitivity ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

AbstractGluten-related disorders form the umbrella term for all conditions related to gluten ingestion, such as celiac disease (CeD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). A life-long exclusion of gluten from diet is currently the only effective treatment in remitting the symptoms of these diseases. However, a life-long, strict GFD is challenging to maintain due to social and economic burdens. In addition, it may lead to restricted and nutritionally suboptimal diet. Thus, the possibility of using nutritious and fiber-rich oats would diversify the GFD, improving general palatability, sensory properties such as texture and fiber-content of the diet. Pure oats are being grown and produced following strict agricultural practices to minimize any contamination with other cereals. Indeed, consumption of pure, uncontaminated oats would allow a wider selection of foods for individuals with gluten related disorders. However, the inclusion of oats into GFD is not globally applied yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of daily consumption of oat products on intestinal microbiota composition and activity in subjects with gluten-related disorders. Subjects with CeD (n = 19) or NCGS (n = 10) and healthy volunteers (n = 14) were recruited to the study. Study subjects completed food diaries for four days preceding fecal sample collection. Intestinal microbiota composition was characterized using 16S MiSeq sequencing. The total energy intake was comparable between the study groups. However, NCGS subjects consumed more energy (E %) from protein and less from carbohydrates when compared to healthy controls (p = 0.025 and p = 0.045, respectively). Dietary fiber intake was relatively high in all subjects and no differences were observed between the study groups (p = 0.79). Total microbiota profiles were comparable between CeD, NCGS and healthy controls. In addition, no differences were observed in microbiota richness or diversity between the study groups. Phylum-level microbial abundances exhibited high inter-individual variation, but did not differ between the study groups. To conclude, microbiota markers demonstrated that oat consumption was safe and beneficial for subjects with CeD or NCGS. Oat consumption was shown to enrich available gluten-free diets and to increase dietary fiber intake to the recommended levels.

scholarly journals Association of dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in healthy adults.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1569-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lin ◽  
Brandilyn Peters ◽  
Rashmi Sinha ◽  
James J. Goedert ◽  
Richard Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
The Relationship

1569 Background: Increasing evidence has shown that gut microbiota alterations may play a role in colorectal cancer risk. Diet, particularly fiber intake, may modify gut microbiota composition, which may consequently impact cancer risk development. We investigated the relationship between dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in healthy humans. Methods: Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assessed gut microbiota in fecal samples from 151 healthy adults in two independent study populations: Study A, n = 75 (healthy controls from a colorectal cancer case-control study), and Study B, n = 76 (polyp-free subjects from a cross-sectional colonoscopy study). We calculated energy-adjusted total dietary fiber intake of participants based on food frequency questionnaires. For each study population, we evaluated the relationship between quartiles of higher fiber intake as a continuous ordinal variable, and global gut microbiota community composition (via PERMANOVA of weighted UniFrac distance) and specific taxon abundance (via DESeq2). Results: We found that fiber intake was significantly associated with overall microbial community composition in Study B (p = 0.003) but not Study A (p = 0.68), after adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index, and cigarette smoking. In a taxonomy-based meta-analysis of these two study populations, higher fiber intake was associated with lower abundance of genus Actinomyces (fold change [FC] = 0.769, p = 0.003), and higher abundance of genera Faecalibacterium (FC = 1.153, p = 0.03), Lachnospira (FC = 1.167, p = 0.04), and SMB53 (FC = 1.201, p = 0.05). A species-level meta-analysis showed an association between higher fiber intake and higher abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (FC = 1.165, p = 0.03) and lower abundance of Ruminococcus bromii (FC = 0.828, p = 0.08). Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher intake of dietary fiber may alter gut microbiota in healthy adults. Given the potentially modifiable nature of the gut microbiota through diet, these findings warrant further study of diet-microbiota based colorectal cancer prevention strategies.

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