scholarly journals Assessing Orthorexia Nervosa: Validation of the Polish Version of the Eating Habits Questionnaire in a General Population Sample

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brytek-Matera ◽  
Natalija Plasonja ◽  
Greg Décamps
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Split Sample ◽  
Three Factor

Extreme focus on healthy eating, called orthorexia nervosa (ON), was assessed using a 21-item Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ). The present study aimed to validate the Polish version of the EHQ in a general population sample. Nine hundred sixty-seven women (59%) and men participated in the present study. Data was obtained from an internet-administered survey. Exploratory factor analysis with the first split sample (n = 502) produced a three-factor solution accounting for 47% of the variance. In confirmatory factor analysis with the second split sample (n = 465), the three-factor structure showed satisfactory goodness-of-fit (comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.99, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.008). Reliability analysis for the Polish version of the EHQ across the whole questionnaire showed strong internal consistency (α = 0.88, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.86). The internal consistency, measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, for the EHQ subscales were 0.85 (knowledge), 0.81 (problems), and 0.81 (feelings and behaviors). Total EHQ score was positively correlated with its three subscales, cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating, and was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI). The Polish version of the EHQ is a reliable questionnaire that can be used with confidence to better assess ON in a general population sample.

scholarly journals Latent Structure of Combined Autistic and ADHD Symptoms in Clinical and General Population Samples: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta D. Krakowski ◽  
Peter Szatmari ◽  
Jennifer Crosbie ◽  
Russell Schachar ◽  
Eric Duku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: Many phenotypic studies have estimated the degree of comorbidity between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but few have examined the latent, or unobserved, structure of combined ASD and ADHD symptoms. This is an important perquisite toward better understanding the overlap between ASD and ADHD.Methods: We conducted a scoping review of studies that examined the factor or latent class structure of ASD and ADHD symptoms within the same clinical or general population sample.Results: Eight studies met final inclusion criteria. Four factor analysis studies found that ASD and ADHD domains loaded separately and one found that some ASD and ADHD domains loaded together. In the three latent class studies, there were evidence of profiles with high levels of co-occurring ASD and ADHD symptoms.Conclusions: Our scoping review provides some evidence of phenotypic overlap between ASD and ADHD at the latent, or unobserved, level, particularly when using a “person-centered” (latent class analysis) vs. a “variable-centered” (factor analysis) approach.

Psychometric properties of Persian version of Cognitive Behavioural Avoidance Scale: results from student, general population and clinical samples in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-716
Author(s):  
Reza Moloodi ◽  
Keith Dobson ◽  
Ladan Fata ◽  
Abbas Pourshahbaz ◽  
Parvaneh Mohammadkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Persian Version

AbstractBackground:There is no published evidence about the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Behavioral Avoidance Scale (CBAS) in Eastern cultures.Aims:The current research evaluated the psychometric properties of a Persian version of the CBAS.Method:The research consisted of two studies. In Study 1, a university student sample (n = 702) completed the CBAS, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Thought Control Questionnaire and the Anxious Thoughts Inventory. In Study 2, a general population sample (n = 384) and a clinical sample (n = 152) completed the CBAS, the Young Compensation Inventory and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21.Results:Exploratory factor analysis of the data from Study 1 suggested a four-factor solution for CBAS. The CBAS had acceptable internal consistency and test–re-test reliability, and showed significant correlations with depression symptoms and anxious thoughts. Confirmatory factor analysis of the data from Study 2 indicated good fit between the four-factor model and data. The CBAS had a significant relationship with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, but no associations with schema compensatory behaviour strategy. Finally, the CBAS and its subscales successfully distinguished a clinical sample from a general population sample.Conclusions:The findings provide preliminary evidence for reliability and validity of the CBAS among Iranian student, general population and clinical samples.

scholarly journals Teacher’s Reasons for Trust and Distrust in Scientific Evidence: Reflecting a “Smart But Evil” Stereotype?

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110285
Author(s):  
Tom Rosman ◽  
Samuel Merk
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

We investigate in-service teachers’ reasons for trust and distrust in educational research compared to research in general. Building on previous research on a so-called “smart but evil” stereotype regarding educational researchers, three sets of confirmatory hypotheses were preregistered. First, we expected that teachers would emphasize expertise—as compared with benevolence and integrity—as a stronger reason for trust in educational researchers. Moreover, we expected that this pattern would not only apply to educational researchers, but that it would generalize to researchers in general. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the pattern could also be found in the general population. Following a pilot study aiming to establish the validity of our measures (German general population sample; N = 504), hypotheses were tested in an online study with N = 414 randomly sampled German in-service teachers. Using the Bayesian informative hypothesis evaluation framework, we found empirical support for five of our six preregistered hypotheses.

Development and Validation of the Ableist Microaggression Impact Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110142
Author(s):  
Deniz Aydemir-Döke ◽  
James T. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Three Factor

Microaggressions are daily insults to minority individuals such as people with disabilities (PWD) that communicate messages of exclusion, inferiority, and abnormality. In this study, we developed a new scale, the Ableist Microaggressions Impact Questionnaire (AMIQ), which assesses ableist microaggression experiences of PWD. Data from 245 PWD were collected using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. An exploratory factor analysis of the 25-item AMIQ revealed a three-factor structure with internal consistency reliability ranging between .87 and .92. As a more economical and psychometrically sound instrument assessing microaggression impact as it pertains to disability, the AMIQ offers promise for rehabilitation counselor research and practice.

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